精品电路专业术语及英文翻译.docx

1、精品电路专业术语及英文翻译Chapter1ElementsandLawsofEletricalCircuits电路electricalcircuit电路模型Circuitmodel电源source负载load导线line开关switch电荷electriccharge电流current电压voltage电位potential电位升potentialrise电位降potentialdrop电位差potentialdifference参考点Referencepoint线性电阻linearresistance磁通链magneticfluxlinkage功率power能量energy电阻器resist

2、or电阻resistance电动势electromotiveforce（e.m.f）伏安特性u-icharacteristicvolt-amperecharacteristic电导器conductor电导conductance电感器inductor电感inductance电容器capacitor电容capacitance欧姆定律OhmsLaw广义欧姆定律generalizedOhmsLaw参考方向referencedirection电压极性voltagepolarity正极positivepolarity负极negativepolarity开路open-circuit短路short-circu

3、it理想独立电压源idealindependentvoltagesource实际电压源physicalsource理想独立电流源idealindependentcurrentsource理想受控源idealdependent/controlledsource压控电压源voltagecontrolled压控电流源voltagecontrolledvoltagesource（VCVS）currentsource（VCCS）流控电压源currentcontrolledvoltagesource（CCVS）流控电流源currentcontrolledcurrentsource（CCCS）节点node支

4、路branch回路loop路径path网孔mesh网络network基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoffscurrentlaw（KCL）基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoffsvoltagelaw（KVL）闭合面closedsurface集总参数lumpedparameter集总（参数）电路lumpedcircuit集总（参数）元件lumpedelement分布参数distributedparameter分布（参数）电路distributedcircuit直流directcurrent（DC）交流alternatingcurrent（AC）有源元件activeelement无源元件passiveel

5、ement无损电路losslesscircuitChapter2Analysismethodstosimpleresistorcircuits端钮terminal串联seriesconnection分压voltagedivision并联parallelconnection分流currentdivision等效变换equivalenttransformation等效电阻equivalentresistance入端电阻inputresistance最大功率传输定理MaximumpowertransfertheoremY-变换Wye-DeltatransformationChapter3method

6、sofAnalysis节点法nodeanalysis/nodevoltagemethod支路电流法branchcurrentmethod回路电流法loopanalysis/loopcurrentmethod外网孔outermesh网孔电流法meshanalysis/meshcurrentmethod自导纳selfadmittance互导纳mutualadmittance矩阵matrix行row列column参考节点referencenode平面电路planarcircuit方程equation消去法eliminationtechnique克莱姆法则Cramersrule代入法substitut

7、ionmethod运算放大器operationalamplifier(opamp)同向输入端noninvertinginput反向输入端invertinginput输出端output等效电路模型equivalentcircuitmodel开环放大倍数open-loopgain闭环放大倍数closed-loopgain入端电阻inputresistance输出电阻outputresistance线性工作区linearregion正向饱和区positivesaturation反向饱和区negativesaturation同向放大器noninvertingamplifier反向放大器invertin

8、gamplifier加法器summingamplifier/summer积分器integrator微分器differentiator自激振荡self-excitedoscillationChapter4CircuitTheorems叠加原理superpositiontheorem齐性原理homogeneityproperty输入/激励input/excitation输出/响应output/response线性电路linearcircuit代数和algebraicsum替代定理substitutiontheorem戴维南定理Theveninstheorem诺顿定理Nortonstheorem二端

9、网络two-terminalcircuit开路电压open-circuitvoltage短路电流short-circuitcurrent特勒根定理Tellegenstheorem功率平衡定理power-balancingtheorem互易定理reciprocaltheorem对偶原理principleofduality对偶元件dualelement对偶图dualgraph对偶电路dualcircuitChapter5AnalysisofOpAmpCircuits运算放大器operationalamplifier(opamp)同向输入端noninvertinginput反向输入端invertin

10、ginput输出端output等效电路模型equivalentcircuitmodel开环放大倍数open-loopgain闭环放大倍数closed-loopgain入端电阻inputresistance输出电阻outputresistance线性工作区linearregion正向饱和区positivesaturation反向饱和区negativesaturation同向放大器noninvertingamplifier反向放大器invertingamplifier加法器summingamplifier/summer积分器integrator微分器differentiator自激振荡self-e

11、xcitedoscillationChapter6First-orderCircuit动态电路dynamiccircuit一阶电路first-ordercircuit一阶微分方程first-orderdifferentialequation过渡过程transientprocess/transient线性非时变电路lineartime-invariedcircuit单位阶跃函数unitstepfunction单位冲激函数unitimpulsefunction单位斜坡函数unitrampfunction起始条件initialcondition起始值initialvalue换路定则switchlaw

12、零输入响应zero-inputresponse零状态响应zero-stateresponse稳态响应steady-stateresponse暂态响应transientresponse时间常数timeconstant指数函数exponentialfunction冲激响应impulseresponse阶跃响应stepresponse自由响应naturalresponse自由分量naturalcomponent强迫响应forcedresponse强制分量forcedcomponent全响应completeresponse稳态值finalvalue卷积convolution时域延迟timedelay换

13、路switching跳变现象jumpphenomenon脉冲持续时间pulseduration脉冲重复周期repeatingperiodofpulseChapter7Second-orderCircuit常系数微分方程constantcoefficientsdifferentialequation齐次微分方程homogeneousdifferentialequation二阶电路second-ordercircuit特征方程characteristicequation特征根characteristicroot特征值eigenvalue特征向量eigenvector特解particularsolu

14、tion通解generalsolution自然频率naturalfrequency衰减系数dampingfactor谐振频率resonantfrequency过阻尼情况overdampedcase欠阻尼情况underdampedcase临界情况criticallydampedcase固有频率naturalfrequency衰减振荡dampedoscillation无损lossless正弦响应sinusoidalresponse波形waveform复数complex衰减attenuationChapter8-9SinusoidalSteady-StateAnalysis复数complexnumb

15、er幅值amplitude/magnitude相位phase相位差phasedifference角频率angularfrequency周期period频率frequency正弦的sinusoidal初相角initialphaseangle瞬时值instantaneousvalue最大值maximum有效值effectivevalue/root-mean-squarevalueu领先iuleadsibyu落后iulagsiby同相inphase反相oppositeinphase实部realpart虚部imaginarypart直角坐标形式rectangularform极坐标形式polarform

16、指数形式exponentialform相量phasor参考相量referencephasor旋转相量rotatingphasor电压三角形voltagetriangle瞬时功率instantaneouspower平均功率averagepower阻抗impedance阻抗角impedanceangle阻抗三角形impedancetriangle导纳admittance电抗reactance电纳suspectance感性inductive感抗inductivereactance感纳inductivesuspectance容性capacitive容抗capacitivereactance容纳capa

17、citivesuspectance正弦稳态响应sinusoidalsteady-stateresponse时域time-domain相量域phasor-domain瞬时概率instantaneouspower视在/表观功率apparentpower功率因数powerfactor(pf)复功率complexpower功率三角形powertriangle复共轭complexconjugate有功分量activecomponent有功功率activepower无功分量reactivecomponent功率守恒定理theoremofconservationofpower无功功率reactivepowe

18、r阻抗匹配impedencematching共轭匹配conjugatematching串联谐振seriesresonance并联谐振parallelresonance谐振频率resonancefrequency品质因数qualityfactor特性阻抗characteristicimpedence频率响应frequencyresponse选择性selectivity选频特性frequency-selectioncharacteristicChapter10MagneticallyCoupledCircuits耦合couple互感mutualinductance自感self-inductance

19、磁通magneticflux线圈coil铁心线圈ironcorecoil匝数turn耦合系数couplingcoefficient变压器transformer空心变压器air-coretransformer原边primarycoils/windings副边secondarycoils/windings引入阻抗reflectedimpendence理想变压器idealtransformer全耦合unitycouplingcoefficient全耦合变压器perfectcouplingtransformer变比turnsratio/transformationratio自耦合变压器autotran

20、sformer多绕组变压器multiple-windingtransformer激磁电感magnetizinginductance右螺旋定则right-handscrewrule漏感leakageinductance同名端dottedterminalterminalsofsamemagneticpolarityChapter11Three-phaseCircuits对称三相电路symmetricalthree-phasecircuit三相电源three-phasesources中线neutralline中性点neutralpoint三相四线制three-phasefour-wiresystem

21、相电压phasevoltage线电压linevoltage相序phasesequence正序positive/abcsequence负序negative/acbsequence相电流phasecurrent线电流linecurrentChapter12Steady-StateResponseofPeriodicExcitation信号signal周期函数periodicfunction周期性非正弦激励nonsinusoidalperiodicexcitation帕斯瓦尔定理Parsevalstheorem指数形式的付里叶级数exponentialFourierseries付里叶系数Fourie

22、rcoefficient基波fundamentalharmonic基波频率fundamentalfrequency谐波harmonicwave高次谐波higherharmonic频谱frequencyspectrum谱线spectrumline线状频谱linespectrum奇次谐波oddharmonic偶次谐波evenharmonic奇对称oddsymmetry偶对称evensymmetry半波对称half-wavesymmetry三角形式的付里叶级数trigometricFourierseriesChapter15StateVariablesApproach状态变量statevariabl

23、e状态方程stateequation输出方程outputequation状态空间statespace列向量columnvector特征值characteristicvalue特征向量characteristicvector特征方程characteristicequation相似矩阵similarmatrix状态转移矩阵statetransitionmatrixChapter16Two-portNetworks二端口网络two-portnetwork/two-port端口port四端网络four-terminalnetwork/quadripoleZ参数impedenceparametersY参

24、数admittanceparametersH参数hybridparametersT参数transmissionparameters短路导纳shortadmittance开路阻抗openimpedance策动点drivingpoint（二端口）级联cascadeconnection传播常数transmissionconstant衰减系数attenuationconstant相位系数phaseconstant回转器gyrator复合二端口compositetwo-portChapter17Nonlinearcircuit非线性电路nonlinearcircuit非线性元件nonlinearelement压控电阻voltage-controlledresistor流控电阻current-controlledresistor工作点operatingpoint静态电阻staticresistance动态电阻dynamicresistance小信号分析small-signalanalysis小信号模型small-signalmode分段线性化法piece-wiselinearmethod数值解法numericalanalysis