英语新同步译林课件+讲义+精练 35.docx

1、英语新同步译林课件+讲义+精练 35Section_Grammar_&_Writing 语法图解 探究发现This traffic problem led to the development of the underground system.In 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up .When London was bombed, many underground stations functioned as bomb shelters.But you

2、will have to fill in a form and then we will decide on the best way.We could split up into groups, and come at different times.I can call you back later.我的发现(1)以上例句中黑体部分在句中作谓语；它们不是一个词单独作谓语而是由动词加一个介词或副词一起作谓语。(2)句中黑体部分的构成特点是它们都是由动词加介词构成的，相当于及物动词，可以直接带宾语。(3)句中黑体部分的构成特点是由动词加副词构成的，其后不接宾语；若接宾语，需要加介词，如句。(4

3、)句中黑体部分的构成特点是由动词加副词构成的，其后可以加宾语。宾语为代词时，必须放在动词与副词之间。一、动词短语的常见构成方式及特点1动词副词该类动词短语分及物的和不及物的两类。Please turn off every light in the house.请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。(及物)Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。(不及物)2动词介词该类动词短语相当于及物动词。动词与介词不能分开，宾语只能放在介词之后。Im looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。T

4、aking enough exercise contributes to good health.进行足够的锻炼有助于身体健康。名师点津同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上有很大差异。look after “照料”；loot at “看”；loot for “寻找”；look into “调查”。3动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon.我盼望不久就见到你。How can you put up with all these for so long?你怎么能容忍这一切这么长时间？名师点津(1)及物动词短语后的宾语为名词时，副词放在宾语前后皆可。但如果宾语较长，

5、就应避免把副词同动词分开。(2)如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。He gave the secret away.He gave away the secret. 他泄露了秘密。The basket is very light. I can easily pick it up.这个篮子很轻，我可以容易地拿起来。二、常见重点动词短语1以break为中心的短语break away from脱离，逃离，甩掉break down 消除，粉碎，瓦解；出故障，拋锚break into 闯入；强行进入break out 爆发，发生break through 突破break up 解散；结束即时演练

6、1介、副词填空The prisoner broke away from his guards.We had our house broken into last night.Fire broke out during the night.Sorry, Im late. My car broke down on the halfway.(天津高考改编)The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.2以bring为中心的短语bring about导致，引起，促使；带来bri

7、ng back 带回；使回忆；使恢复bring down 使下降，降低；收缩bring out 使显出；使显现；出版；生产bring up 抚养，教育，培养bring in 赚得，挣(钱)；引入；收获(农作物等)即时演练2用bring构成的短语完成句子He was_brought_up (被抚养长大) by his grandmother.Overseas students bring_in (挣) more than 30 million a year in tuition fees.We aim to bring_down_prices (降低价格) on all our computer

8、s.3以call为中心的短语call for 需要，要求call in 召集call off 取消，下令停止call on 拜访(某人)，号召call out 大声喊，呼唤call up 给打电话；使想起即时演练3介、副词填空The game was called off because of the bad weather.The smell of the sea called up memories of her childhood.The situation calls for prompt action.4以come为中心的短语come about 发生come across (偶然)

9、发现，遇到come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒come to 苏醒；复原；共计；达到come up 走近；上楼；流行起来；发芽，上来；(问题)被提出come up with 提出；想出come out 出版；产生即时演练4用come 构成的短语完成句子(2017天津高考改编)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came_across_my_new_neighbors (偶然遇见了我的新邻居们)Its impossible at this stage to judge how_the_vote_will_come_out

10、(投票结果会怎么样产生)Is that the best idea you_can_come_up_with (想出)?5以get为中心的短语get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使被理解get along (with) (与)相处；进展get around 走动；传播；影响；说服get down to 开始；着手；认真对待，静下心来get off 送走；脱下(衣服)；下车；动身get over 恢复，痊愈；克服；完成get rid of 除去，去掉；免除；摆脱get hold of 抓住；把握；得到；联系get through 拨通(电话)；到达；完成；通过即时演练5(1)介、副词填

11、空(湖北高考改编)Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I cant seem to get through.(福建高考改编)As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can get hold of concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.(2)用 get 构成的短语完成句子Its not ea

12、sy to get_rid_of_all_your_bad_habits (去掉你所有的坏习惯)He sometimes has trouble getting_his_meaning_across (使他的意思被理解) in English.After lunch we got_down_to_discussing (开始认真讨论) the issue.6以give为中心的短语give away赠送；放弃；泄露；颁发give back 归还；反射give in 屈服，让步，投降give off 发出(烟，气味等)give out 分发，公布，发出；(使)筋疲力尽；用完give up 放弃；停

13、止give way to 让步，退却；屈服于即时演练6写出下列句中give短语的汉语意思His accent gives him away as a southerner.泄露He gave away most of his money to charity.赠送Such is dad whatever problem he meets with, he never gives up.放弃We should insist on our dreams not giving in to any difficulties.屈服After walking in the desert for a who

14、le day, my legs gave out and I couldnt walk any farther.筋疲力尽7以go为中心的短语go about走来走去；(谣言等)流传go against 反对；不利于；违背；违反go ahead 前进，进展，继续；干吧，开始go by 经过，过去go in for 喜欢；参加；赞成；从事go over 温习，检查go through 审查；履行；通过；经历；忍受go up 上升，上涨go without 无需，没有也行即时演练7选词填空go up， go ahead， go without， go againstMay I start now?Y

15、es, go_ahead.He would not go_against his parents will.The price of cigarettes is going_up.There was no time for breakfast, so I had to go_without.8以look为中心的短语look about 四下环顾；查看look around 东张西望，环视look back on/upon . 回顾look down on/upon 俯视；轻视，看不起look forward to 盼望；期待look into 窥视；调查；浏览look on/upon 旁观；对

16、待look on/upon .as . 把看作look out 向外看；注意；当心，提防look over 从上面看过去；检查，查看；忽略look through 透过看去；看穿；浏览，彻底调查look up 查阅；抬头看；好转look up to 仰望；尊敬即时演练8写出下列句中look 短语的汉语意思(2017全国卷改编)Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course.盼望；期待We looked over the house again before we decided to rent

17、it.检查，查看At last things began to look up.好转Ive looked it up in the dictionary.查阅(安徽高考改编)Terry, please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.抬头看.介、副词填空1Make sure how many people are going to bring in the wheat tomorrow.2She was too fat to get_through the door.3The old lady gave_a

18、way most of her savings to help those poor children who couldnt go to school.4Itd be much better to put off the meeting till next week.5Just a little patience and we will look into the problem you put forward soon.6Go over your lessons again before the examination.7The government calls on everyone t

19、o protect our environment.8Though brought up in the countryside, he adapted to the city life quickly.9We have decided on the date and the place for travelling.10Kids are usually easily taken in,_so we should take good care of them.完成句子1布朗夫妇希望看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚成家，生儿育女。(2017天津高考)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would l

20、ike to see their daughter settle_down,_get married, and have kids.2父母应该积极地督促孩子们利用加入运动队的机会。(2016江苏高考)Parents should actively urge their children_to_take_advantage_of the opportunity to join sports teams.3当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老年人就感觉是与世界隔绝了。(2016浙江高考)When their children lived far away from them，these old peo

21、ple felt_cut_off from the world.4科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能很快有所突破。Scientists hope to_break_through soon in their fight against heart disease.5当我沿街走时，我偶然遇到了我们好几年没相见的戴维。(2016天津高考单选)When walking down the street, I came_across David, whom I hadnt seen for years.6我知道你肯定很忙，我当然不会占据你太多的时间。I know how busy you must be an

22、d naturally I wouldnt want to take_up too much of your time.7离开家之前把这些衣服收好。Please put_these_clothes_away before you leave home.8这证明只要我们意志坚强，就能够克服任何困难。This proves that as long as we have a strong well, well be able to get_over any difficulty.短文改错I started a small company several years ago, that was a

23、signmaking business. I worked hardly to make it successful. I did not work only a few hour each day. Instead, I spent many hours each day, seven days a week, try to expand the company. I called at possible buyers from a list of people I had never seen. Such calls were often hard sells. I had to firm

24、. But I never made a short cut or tried to save on expenses, though I made much cold calls.I am happy, because the company was moving forward and making a real progress. And it is making money, not losing them.答案：第一句：thatwhich第二句：hardlyhard第三句：hourhours第四句：trytrying第五句：aton第七句：在to后加be第八句：muchmany第九句

25、：wasis; 去掉a第十句：themit一、基本结构在日常生活中越来越多的人在使用电子邮件，它具有使用方便、传递快捷以及内容比较简短的特点。因此，电子邮件成为近几年高考书面表达中的常考体裁。1电子邮件标题的填写首先，必须要在标题(Heading)栏的“收件人(To)”框中输入收件人的Email地址。然后填写“主题(Subject)”框，明确要告之的信息。2电子邮件的文体电子邮件一般使用非正式的文体。在同辈的亲朋好友或同事间可以直呼其名，但对长辈或上级最好使用头衔加上姓。电子邮件文体的另外一个特点是简单明了，便于阅读，太长的内容可以以附件的方式发出。3电子邮件的正文电子邮件实质上是书信的一种，

26、因此，在书写格式上与书信比较相似。在电子邮件显示的画面的正文区所记载的内容便是信函的主文或正文，主要由开头敬辞(称呼语)、正文(即Email所要表达的内容)、结尾敬辞(客套语)及署名4部分组成。二、增分佳句1I am glad to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about myself.我很高兴收到你的来信，现在正写信告诉你一些我的情况。2In the letter you asked me how to get along with others.在信中你问我如何与人相处的事情。3Now, Id like to m

27、ake some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school.现在，我想就我们学校的英语教学和学习提出一些建议。4Too many cars contribute to more and more serious air pollution.汽车太多使得空气污染越来越严重。5We should take measures to solve the problem that we are faced with at present.我们应该采取措施来解决目前面临的问题。6Please let me know if you

28、have any questions.如果你有问题的话，请让我知道。7If you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me.如果你同意我的观点，请写信或打电话告诉我。8Hope you have a good trip.希望你旅途愉快。题目要求假定你是高三学生李华，得知你的美国笔友Peter被Harvard(哈佛大学)录取，请你给他写一封电子邮件。要点如下：1表示祝贺并且自己也备受鼓舞；2介绍自己目前的学习情况；3请教学习方法。注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。De

29、ar Peter，I have received your email._Yours，Li Hua第一步：审题构思很关键一、审题1确定体裁：本文为电子邮件；2确定人称：本文主要人称为第一人称；3确定时态：本文时态主要用一般现在时。二、构思第一段：表示祝贺并且自己也备受鼓舞；第二段：介绍自己目前学习情况并请教学习方法；第三段：盼望回信。第二步：核心词汇想周全1inspire鼓舞2be_admitted_into 被录取3congratulations_to_sb._on_sth. 祝贺某人某事4prepare_for 准备5stay_up 熬夜6feel_stressed_out 感到紧张7pay_off 得到回报8frustrated_and_exhausted