高考英语全国通用版精准提分练考前冲刺卷含答案3.docx

1、高考英语全国通用版精准提分练考前冲刺卷含答案3考前冲刺卷(三)第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWelcomeWelookforwardtowelcomingyouthissummer.Belowyouwillfindalistofformsforstudentsacceptedtoour2018SalisburySummerSchool.Pleasereviewthedocumentsandfilloutandreturnanyapplicationforms

2、.Shouldyouwishtospendovernightintheareawhenyoudropoffyourchild，pleasemakearrangementswellinadvanceassummerisabusytimeofayearinConnecticutsnorthwestcorner.(Alistofareahotelsisfoundhere.)Boththeelectivecourseenrollment(登记) andthequestionnaireareveryimportantbecausewewillbeunabletodesignyourchildsacade

3、micschedulewithoutthem.Wewouldalsoliketodrawyourattentiontotheformregardingstudentsleavingonweekendsduringsummerschool.AcceptedStudentForms(ASFs)：ElectiveEnrollmentQuestionnaireWeekendPermissionTravelFormPharmacy(用药) FormE&RLaundryRegistrationFormTheSalisburySchoolHealthCenterworkswithMagnusHealthwh

4、ichisasecureandeasytousewebsiteforonlinesubmissionandstorageofyourchildsmedicalinformation.YoumustaccessyourchildsMagnusHealthaccountinordertogetandsubmittherequiredhealthformsbeforeregistration (AccessthePharmacyFormhere)HealthformsmustbecompletedandsubmittedtoMagnusHealthbyJune15，ifnot，summerschoo

5、lclassesandactivitiesmaynotbeaccessibletoyourkid.ForquestionsregardingSalisburySchoolrequiredhealthformsoryourMagnusHealthaccount，pleaseemailhealthcentersalisburyschool.org.Alternatively，youmaycalltheHealthCenterat8604355748.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2018年Salisbury学校暑期班的入班事宜，包括选修课程注册、问卷调查、健康信息等。1Whatshouldthe

6、ydoifparentswanttospendonenightinthearea?ACompletealltheforms.BBookaroomasearlyaspossible.CApplytoMagnusHealth.DTellthesummerschoolinadvance.答案B解+析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Shouldyou.pleasemakearrangementswellinadvanceassummerisabusytimeofayearinConnecticutsnorthwestcorner.”可知，如果父母想要在这个地方住一晚，应该提前在学校附近找旅馆订房间。2Wh

7、ichformshouldparentsfilliniftheirkidsleaveonweekendsduringsummerschool?AElectiveEnrollment.BQuestionnaire.CWeekendPermission.DTravelForm.答案C解+析细节理解题。题干问的表格指的是“theformregardingstudentsleavingonweekendsduringsummerschool”由此可知，这个表格是学生在读暑假班期间的周末离开校园时所需要的，因此C项正确。3Whatmaycausestudentstomisssummerschoolcla

8、ssesandactivities?AIncompletehealthforms.BNotreturningASFsbyJune15.CFailingtoregisteraheadoftime.DLossofMagnusHealthaccount.答案A解+析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的最后一句可知，如果健康表格没有及时完成并提交，可能会导致学生不能参与暑期班课程和活动。BScientistsfoundgravitationalwavesastheywatchedtheeffectsoftwoblackholesrunningintoeachotherandformingamuchbigge

9、rone，acenturyafterAlbertEinsteinpredictedthatsuchaneventwouldsendripples(波纹) throughspacetime.Scientists“heard”thewavewiththehelpoflaserbeams(激光束) sentthroughtwopipeswhichformanangleof90betweeneachotherandarenearly2,000milesapartintheUS.Thatequipmentletthemglimpsethenatureofblackholes.Togethertheyma

10、deuptheLaserInterferometerGravitationalWaveObservatory(LIGO)GravitationalwaveswerefirstobservedinSeptember2015andtheseconddetection(发现) occurredthreemonthslater.Thethirddetection，whichtheastronomerscalledGW170104，wasmadeonJanuary4,2017.Theastronomersbelievedtheirlatestfinding“providescluesaboutthedi

11、rectionsinwhichtheblackholesarespinning”“Blackholesarebeautifullysimple.Youjustneedtwonumberstodescribethemcompletely：mass，howmuchtheybendspacetime，andaspin，howmuchspacetimemovesaboutthem，”saidDrChristopherBerryoftheUniversityofBirmingham，oneoftheresearchersintheproject.“Butittakeslotsofhardworktome

12、asurethesefromourdata.Wenowhavewonderfulmassmeasurements，andarestartingtouncoverdetailsaboutthespinsoftheseblackholes，whichcouldgiveevidenceforhowtheyformed.”TheresearcherssaidtheirdiscoveryaddedfurtherevidencetosupportEinsteinsgeneraltheoryofrelativityandconfirmedtheexistenceofpreviouslyunknownblac

13、kholes.Morethan1,000scientistsfromtheLIGOScientificCollaborationwereinvolvedintheprojectalongwithanadditional280researchersfromtheEuropeanbasedVirgoCollaboration.Scientistshopegravitationalwaveswillofferacompletelydifferentviewoftheuniverse，allowingthemtostudyeventsthatmightbehiddenfromtraditionalte

14、lescopes.“Wehavefurtherconfirmationoftheexistenceofstellar(恒星的)massblackholesthatarelargerthan20solarmasses.WedidntknowtheyexistedbeforeLIGOdetectedthem，”MITresearcherDavidShoemakersaid.语篇解读本文是一篇科普说明文。科学家们第三次探测到引力波，相对论再获证实，促进了黑洞研究。4Whopioneeredgravitationalwaves?ADavidShoemaker. BChristopherBerry.CS

15、cientistsfromLIGO. DAlbertEinstein.答案D解+析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“acenturyafterAlbertEinsteinpredictedthatsuchaneventwouldsendripples(波纹) throughspacetime”可知，科学家们的这一发现发生在爱因斯坦预测此事件的一个世纪后，因此爱因斯坦是引力波的先行者。5Howdidscientistsdiscovergravitationalwaves?AByusinglaserbeams.BByjoiningverticalpipes.CByusingtraditionaltele

16、scopes.DByfollowingtheorbitofblackholes.答案A解+析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，科学家们是通过使用激光束来探测到引力波的。6Whatcanwelearnfromthelastthreeparagraphs?AMorethan2,000scientiststookpartintheevent.BScientistshavealreadydiscoveredspinsofblackholes.CGravitationalwavescontributedtoblackholesresearch.DThereisnowaytofindouthowblack

17、holesareformed.答案C解+析推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段倒数第二句可知，科学家们第三次发现引力波给黑洞的旋转方向提供了线索，黑洞的旋转细节可能为它们的形成方式提供证据。即引力波对黑洞的研究有作用。故选C。7Whatdothescientiststhinkoftheapplicationofgravitationalwaves?AItscontroversial. BItspromising.CItslimited. DItsdemanding.答案B解+析观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句可知，科学家们希望引力波会提供一个完全不同的宇宙观，使得他们能研究使用传统望远镜可能发

18、现不了的事情，即他们认为引力波的运用很有前景。故选B项。CWhenshewasalittlegirl，MargaritaEnglespenthersummersinCuba，whereshesaysshefellinlovewithnature.Engle,66，wasborntoaCubanmotherandanAmericanfather.HerannualvisitstotheCaribbeanislandfromherhomeinCaliforniashapedherlifeandinspiredhertobecomeapoetandwriter.ThePoetryFoundation

19、recentlynamedheritsYoungPeoplesPoetLaureate，aroleEngleplanstousetoencouragechildrenandteenagerstowritedowntheirfeelings.“Magichappenswhenyouputyouremotions(情感) inwriting，”shesaid.Englesaysshehasalwayslikedpoetry.Atage6，shewroteherfirstpoemaboutnature.AfterlookingaroundwhiletakingawalkonedayinCalifor

20、nia，shewrotearhymedpoemabouttheshapesofhills.Asateen，shewrotesonnets(十四行诗) aboutnatureandstoriesaboutpeopleinCuba.Someofherbooksexploretheisland，itspeople，marketsandlandmarks.Hernewpicturebook，AlltheWaytoHavana，featuresAmericancarsfromthe1940sand1950s.ForestWorld，anewnovel，introducesEdvertoreaders，a

21、n11yearoldwholivesinMiami，Florida，withhismotherandisshippedofftoCubatoseehisbirthplaceandmeethisCubanfamily.WhenhearrivesinHavana，thecapital，helearnshehasanoldersister，Luza，whostayedontheislandwithherfatherandgrandfather.ThetwogoonanadventureintoaCubanforest.“Theemotionsofthecharactersaresimilartowh

22、atmanychildrenfeelwhentheyareseparatedfromlovedones，”Englesaid.Shehopesthatpeoplefacingsimilarchallengescanfindsupportandcomfortinpoetry.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。恩格尔童年时每年往返于古巴和美国，这不仅让她亲近了自然，还激发了她的创作热情，最终成为一位知名的诗人兼作家。8WhatmadeEngleapoet?AHervisitstoCuba.BDaysspentinCalifornia.CMagicskillsinpracticingwriting.DEnc

23、ouragementfromthePoetryFoundation.答案A解+析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“HerannualvisitstotheCaribbeanislandfromherhomeinCaliforniashapedherlifeandinspiredhertobecomeapoetandwriter.”可知A正确。9WecanlearnfromthetextthatyoungEngleprobably.AenjoyedindoorgamesBfoundinspirationinnatureClikedexploringcitiesinFloridaDmadefriends

24、withCubanpeople答案B解+析细节理解题。根据第一段和第四段中的“Atage6，shewroteherfirstpoemaboutnature.shewrotesonnets(十四行诗) aboutnature.”可知，儿时的恩格尔爱上了大自然，还写了关于大自然的诗，因此可知她从自然中获得了创作灵感。故选B。10WhatisTRUEaboutForestWorld?AItisanewpicturebook.BItisbasedonareallifeevent.CIttalksaboutanadventurestory.DItdescribesfamilytiesbetweencou

25、ntries.答案D解+析推理判断题。根据第五段提到的小说的内容可知，该书描写的是主人公离开美国佛罗里达州前往古巴哈瓦那探亲的故事，揭示的是分隔在两个国家的家庭亲情。故选D。11WhatdoesEnglestressinthelastparagraph?AThefrequentchangesofemotions.BThechallengesinwritingpoems.CTheseparationsfromfamilymembers.DThelinksbetweenlifeandliterature.答案D解+析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，恩格尔认为无论是在作品中还是在现实中，孩子离别亲人时

26、心底迸发的情感有相似之处，她希望面临这种处境的人能从诗歌中寻觅到支持和慰藉。故恩格尔在此强调了生活与文学作品的联系。故选D。DNew，cleanunderwearisoneofthemostneededthingstocharity(慈善事业) andhomelessshelters.SoAmericanHayleyBesheercameupwithanunusualwaytodealwiththeproblem.ShefoundedthecompanyMakeaDifferenceIntimates(Madi)，whichdonatesapairofitsfashionableknicker

27、s(女士短衬裤)，orotherkindsofunderwearforeveryonethatitsells.MsBesheerisfollowinginthefootstepsofotherentrepreneursmotivatedtodogood，includingUSshoemakerToms，whichpioneeredthe“buyone，donateone”model.AndlikeToms，herbusinessfullyintendstogrowitsprofitswhileachievingitssocialmission.“Consumersareattractedtot

28、he”buyone，donateonemodelbecauseithelpsthemgiveback，”shetellstheBBC.BeforestartingMadi，MsBesheerhadnoexperienceofdesigningfashionorrunningabusiness.AfriendwhowasoriginallymeanttohelprunMadi，backedoutaftershedecideditwastoorisky，AndMsBesheerhadtoborrowmuchmoneyinthebeginning.Butnowherbusinessisbooming

29、.Madisunderwearcostsmorethan30perpairsignificantlymorethanwhatthecompanyVictoriasSecretchargesformanyofitsknickers.ButMsBesheersaysherknickersarefairlypriced，becausetheyaremadefrombambooclothamaterialthatis“morecomfortablethancottonandlongerlasting”Peoplearealsohappytopaymoretosupportagoodcause.“Whi

30、leonepairofMadiunderwearmaycostmorethanapairofsimilarknickersinadepartmentstore，Ifeelyourebuyingtwopairsofunderwearforthe30orsopricetag，”saysonecustomer，LaurenCimpl.Brandswithasocialjusticeagendacanenjoyapowerful“haloeffect(连锁反应)”，saysomeexperts.Accordingtoastudy，consumersthoughtredwinetastedbetter，

31、andotherproductssuchasrunningshoesperformedbetteriftheyknewaboutacompanyscharitabledonations.Ofcourse，therearedisapprovingvoicesonthe“buyone，donateone”model.语篇解读本文为夹叙夹议文。Madi公司采用“买一捐一”的营销模式，既获得了丰厚的经济效益，又取得了积极的社会效益。12Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“backedout”inthethirdparagraph?AKeptherword. BBrokeherpromise.CHeldherbreath. DLostherheart.答案B解+析词义猜测题。根据语境可知这位朋友起初是想帮助她经营这家公司的，后来这位朋友认为这么做风险太大，故可判定这位朋友打了退堂鼓，食言了。故backout是“食言，变卦”之意。breakonespromise是“食言”之意，符合语境。keeponesword遵守诺言；holdonesbreath屏息，不出声；loseonesheart爱上。13ComparedwithMadisknickers，thosesoldbyVictoriasSecret.Aaremorecomforta