广东省广州市中考英语语法复习一般现在时一般过去式一般将来时教案语文.docx

1、广东省广州市中考英语语法复习一般现在时一般过去式一般将来时教案语文学生姓名性别年级学科英语授课教师上课时间第（ ）次课共（ ）次课课时：教学课题三大时态：一般现在时、一般过去式、一般将来时教学目标三大时态运用教学重点与难点三大时态的结构及辨析知识点一：一般现在时表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作有时间规律发生的事件的一种 时间状态。常见时间标志：always , usually , often , sometimes , every, on Sunday.v 基本结构构成及变化例句be动词的变化：肯定句：主语+be (am, is, are)+其它。I am a boy. 我是一

2、个男孩。否定句：主语+ be (am, is, are) + not +其它。He is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be (am, is, are) +主语+其它?-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句?Where is my bike?行为动词的变化：1. 当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。We often play basketball after school.否定句：主语+ dont+动词原形(+其它)。We dont play bask

3、etball after school.一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它?-Do you often play basketball after school? -Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?What do you often do after school?2. 当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。He swims well.否定句：主语+ doesnt+动词原形(+其它)。He doesnt swim well.一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它?-Does h

4、e swim well ? -Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?How does your father go to work?【注意】第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式）(1) 多数动词直接加s：runs, gets, likes, collects, takes, plays, climbs.(2) 结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母, 结尾加es：watches, teaches, goes, does, washes, dresses, brushes.(3

5、) 动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es：studystudies, flyflies, carrycarries, crycries. 但在y前如果为元音则直接加s：buys, says.(4) 不规则变化have和be动词：have-has, be-am / is / arev 具体用法1. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 时间状语：always, usually, every morning/night/evening/day/week/year, often, sometimes, twice a week, seldom, never. 例：I leave h

6、ome for school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天早上7点左右离开家去学校。2. 描述主语的状态、性质、特征、能力等，目的是为了“描述现阶段的动作或者状态”。 例：I dont want so much. 我不想要太多。 Wang An writes good English but doesnt speak well. 王安英语写得很好但是说的不好3. 陈述客观真理，客观存在，科学事实，或格言、谚语。例：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海

7、市在中国的东部。4. 在一些情况下，一般现在时能用来表示将来时。1) 谓语动词是：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly 等，可以表示将来发生的动作。 例：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天早上六点开。 -When does the bus start? 公共汽车什么时候开？ -It starts in ten minutes. 十分钟后。2) 在时间或条件从句中，一般要用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现），常见引导词：if, when, as soon as。Whe

8、n Bill comes, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来时，请他等我。Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我一到那儿就给你写信。We will have a picnic if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去野餐【课堂练习】一、用所给动词的正确形式填空1. -What_ the students _(have)? -They have some pens.2. -How_ Linda _(go) to school? -She goes to school on foot.

9、3. He _ _(not speak) English. He _(speak) Chinese.4. - _ they _(watch) TV on Sundays? -Yes, they _ .5. My father and mother _ _ (not read) newspapers on Saturday.6. -What _ he _ (have)? -He _ (have) a toy plane.7. My mother _ _ ( not like) English. She _ (like) Chinese.8. - _ you _ (go ) to school b

10、y bus? -No, I _ (go) to school by car.9. Miss Wang _ (swim ) every day.10. I _(like) English . Tom _ _(not like ) English.11. He often _(have) dinner at home. 12. Tommy _(be) in Class One.13. We _ _(not watch) TV on Monday. 14. Nick _ _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.15. _ she _(like) the Sports Meeti

11、ng?二、根据要求改写下列句子。1. My dog runs fast.否定句： 一般疑问句： 2. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：否定句： 3. I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句： 一般疑问句： 划线提问： 4. Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句： 一般疑问句： 划线提问： 5. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day否定句： 般疑问句： 划线提问： 6. Tom doe

12、s his homework at home.否定句： 一般疑问句： 划线提问： 3、单项选择。1._youhaveabook?A.Do B.Are C.Is D.Have2.They_onafarm.A.working B.iswork C.work D.isworked3.DoesPeterliketowatchTV?_.A.Yes,helike B.No,hedoesnt C.Yes,hedlike D.No,helikes4.Shedoesnt_herhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doing B.todo C.does D.do5.How_Mr.Brown_toAm

13、erica?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes6.Wheresmycamera?I_it.A.amnotfinding B.amnotseeing C.cantfind D.cantlookat7.How_hegotowork?He_toworkbybike.A.doesgo B.do;goes C.dogo D.does;goes8._youusuallylateforschool?No,_.A.DoIam B.Doesnot C.AreImnot D.AreIarent9._she_homeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leave B.Does,l

14、eave C.Is,leaves D.Does,left10.Mr.Yang_Englishthisterm.A.teachesour B.teachesus C.teachsus D.teachsour11.If it _ tomorrow, we will have a picnic.A. doesnt rain B. wont rain C. will rain D. dont rain12.The sun _ in the east.A. will rise B. rise C. rises D. Rose知识点二：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态、过去习惯性、经常性的动作

15、、行为。 用动词的过去式表示，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, lastnight, in+过去的年份, two daysago, before等。v 基本结构构成及变化例句be动词的变化：肯定句：主语+be (was, were)+其它。I was a student. 我是一个学生。否定句：主语+ be (was, were) + not +其它。He was not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be (Was, Were) +主语+其它?-Wre you a student? -Yes. I was. / No, I wasnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一

16、般疑问句?Where was my bike?行为动词的变化：肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式。I watched a film last Sunday .否定句：主语+ didnt + 动词原形。I didnt watch a film last Sunday .一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形?-Did you watch a film last Sunday ? -Yes, I did . / No , I didnt .特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 以did 开头的一般疑问句? What did you do last Sunday ?【注意】动词过去式变化规则：1. 规则动词的过去式

17、(1) 一般在动词原形末尾加ed：helped, looked , played , worked , listened (2) 结尾是辅音字母不发音-e，加d：lived，hoped，use-used，like - liked，tasted，loved，closed. (3) 双写末尾的字母，再加-ed：stop-stopped，plan-planned. (4) 结尾是辅音字母+y , 先变“y”为“i”，再加-ed：study-studied， carry -carried，cry - cried，try-tried.2. 常见不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were,

18、 do-did, go-went, sit-sat tell-toldsee-saw, say-said, give-gave, swim-swam, get-got, find-found come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, read-read, make-made, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, teach-taught buy-bought stand

19、-stood think-thought一般现在时和一般过去时的否定句和一般疑问句变型步骤：【1找】找句子中是否有be动词 （如果有be动词，否定句直接在相应be动词后加not；一般疑问句则直接把相应的be动词提前） 例：She is a teacher. 【句子中有be动词-is】 She is not (=isnt) a teacher. 【否定句在is后加not】 Is she a teacher? 【一般疑问句则把is提前，句号变问号】【2补】如果句子中没有be动词，则根据时态，否定句补dont，doesnt，didnt，一般疑问句补Do，Does，Did 例：They played

20、basketball yesterday . 【时态是过去式，句子中没有be动词】 They didnt play basketball yesterday. 【否定句在主语后面补didnt】 Did they play basketball yesterday? 【一般疑问句在主语前面补Did】【3原形】dont，doesnt，didnt，Do，Does，Did后面跟动词原形！v 具体用法(1) 一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般不强调动作的影响，只 说明的事情。 I had a word with Julia this morning. 今天早晨

21、，我跟朱莉娅说了几句话。 He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。(2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening), at that moment the day before yesterday, ago, this morning/afternoon/evening, at the age of 10 (过去年龄段), just now, at that time last night (week,Sunday,w

22、eekend,month,winter,year,century 世纪), in the past ,in 1993, once, before, when 等等.(3) 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。 The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain(船长), and then died.(4) 表示在此之前一段时间内经常或反复的动作,常与always, never等连用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得

23、太太过去老是带着一把伞。 (只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她是否常带着伞。)比较： Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太总是带着一把伞。 (说明这是她的习惯，表明她仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)(5) 如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do (过去常常做，而现在不那样做了) He used to drink alcohol. 他过去喝酒。(意味着他不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了) I used to take a walk in the morning. 我过去是在早晨散步。 (意味着不再早晨散步了) Eddle bought a bicyc

24、le three days ago. Eddle在三天以前买了一辆自行车。比较：I took a walk in the morning. 我曾经在早晨散过步。 (只是说明过去这一动作)(6) 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时， 这一点，很多学生往往出错，要特别注意! I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。(这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是我知道现在你没病)【课堂练习】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2.Mike

25、 _ _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get ) up late.3.Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.4.There _ (be) no one here a moment ago.5.I listened but _ (hear) nothing.6.She watches TV every evening. But she _ _ (not watch) TV last night.7._ your father _ ( go ) to work every day l

26、ast year?8. What time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday? We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.9.What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now?10.There _ (be) a telephone call for you just now. 11.There _ (be) not enough people to pick apples that day. 12.Did she _ (have) supper at home?2、句型转换。1. Lucy

27、did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2. He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3. She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?4. There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句) _ there _ orange in the cup?5.ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.（否定句）Thomas_RMB10onthisbook.6.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.（划线提问） _family_lastweek?7.Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.（否定句） Sally_often_somereadinginth