高考英语复习 倒装讲解.docx

1、高考英语复习 倒装讲解 倒 装一 倒装的概念 二 倒装的分类三 倒装的用法（NAO SHI 原则+补充） 四 倒装解题思路五 倒装生活应用 六 典型例题一 倒装的概念什么是倒装呢？ 首先了解一下正常句子的基本语序：主+谓+宾、主+系+表。 而倒装分两种情况：（1）谓语动词或助动词（be 动词、情态动词）置于主语前；（2）将宾语、表语、宾语补足语提到主语之前。倒装是一种语法手段，用 于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。二 倒装的分类1. 完全倒装：谓语动词+主语例句：there is/lies a temple. 那儿有一座庙。2. 部分倒装：助动词/be/情态动词+S+V+.例句：Seld

2、om have they played video games ever since they entered college. 自从他们上大学后，他们很少玩电脑游戏了。 注意：为了方便理解，大家可以参考一般疑问句句型。3. 特殊结构：as/though 用于让步状语从句 例句：So tough is the job that few people are qualified for it. 这项工作要求太高，几乎无人能够胜任。三 倒装的用法（NAO SHI 原则+补充）注意：在 NAO SHI 原则中，NOS 三原则常考，HI 原则需要掌握。另外 A 原则实 质时前置，主要结构为 as/th

3、ough+主谓。N=否定状语及否定句型位于句首的倒装（部分倒装） 【重点】1. 否定副词或连词（部分倒装）：never, rarely, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere, hardly, neither.nor.引导两个分句。例句：1）Never have I seen such a splendid building.我从来没有见过这么宏伟的建筑。 2）Never has Marys performance been so impressive.玛丽的表演从来没有这样令 人印象深刻。2. 否定短语（部分倒装）：by no means, in no case

4、, in no way, at no time, in no sense, on no account, under no circumstances 决不例句：1) By no means should we look down upon the people who get the lower positions than us.我们决不能看低那些职位比我们低的人。2）No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study.自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。3. 否定句型（主句部

5、分倒装）：not until, not only, no sooner.than, hardly/scarcely.when例句：1）Not until then did I realize the danger of the situation.直到那时我才意识到处境 的危险。2 ） Not only can extra-curricular activities build up our bodies and enrich our knowledge, but also it can relieve us from heavy study.课外活动不仅可以强健我们 的身体，丰富我们的知识，

6、而且能把我们从繁重的学习中解放出来。A=as/though 引导的让步状语从句中的倒装（前置） 【重点】注意：as 引导的让步状语从句必须倒装，though 引导的让步状语从句可倒可不 倒。1. 副词/形容词/（无冠词）名词+as/though+主语+系动词/谓词+主句例句：1）Wealthy as/though he is, hes not happy.尽管他很富有，但是他并不快乐。2） Hardly as/though they tried, they couldnt make her change her mind.尽管他们做了很大努力，但却没法让她改变主意。2. 动词（+宾语）+as/

7、though+主语+情态动词/助动词+主句例句：1）Try as he might, he couldnt solve this problem.虽然他想方设法，却未能解决这个问题。O=only+状语置于句首的倒装（部分倒装） 【重点】 注意：only+名词或代词，修饰主语时，句子不到装。1. only+副词: then, once, recently, now例句：1）Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake.只有到了那个时候，他才意识到他犯了一个错误。2. only+介词短语：in this way, by doing, at

8、that time例句：1）Only in this way can we solve the problem. 只有用这种方式，我们才能够解决这个问题。 2）Only by taking exercise can we keep healthy. 只有通过锻炼我们才能保持健康。3. only+状语从句：because,when （主句倒装，从句不到装）例句：1)）Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.只有当他为他的鲁莽道歉后，我才会和他说话。2）Only when the government t

9、akes severe measures can we expect the real improvement in air quality.只有政府采取严厉措施，我们才有望看到空气质量的真 正改善。S=so 表 示 “ 也 ” 位 于 句 首 倒 装 和 so/such 引 导 的 结 果 状 语 从 句 的 倒 装 ，so,neither,nor 引导的省略句。 【重点】1. so, neither, nor 引导的省略句 so/neither/nor + 情态动词/助 动词/系动词+主语例句：1）I loved this movie and so did all my friends.我

10、喜欢这部电影，我的朋友也是。2）After that we never saw her again, neither did we hear from her.从那以后我们再也没有见到过她了，也没有听到过她的任何消息。2. so/such 引导的结果状语从句的倒装So+形容词/副词.that.Such+名词.that.例句：1）So tough is the job that few people are qualified for it.这项工作要求太高，几乎无人能够胜任。2）Such rapid progress did the boy make that his father gave

11、him his permission to travel.这个男孩儿取得了如此快的进步以至于他的父亲同意他出去旅行。H=here 等地点状语位于句首的倒装（完全倒装） 【掌握】here,there,then 方向性副词以及地点介词短语，there be 结构中，谓语是 be, exist, appear, come, happen, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, stand, used to 等不及物动词 时，需用完全倒装。注意：当主语为人称代词时，即便 here/there 或介词放句首，句子仍不用倒装。 例句：1）There exists an ancie

12、nt temple in this town, which attracts many visitors.在这个古镇有一个吸引了很多游客的古庙。2）In the center of our school lies our library, which is between the garden and the teaching building.我们的图书馆矗立在学校中央，它位于花坛和教学楼之间。I=If 引导的虚拟中的倒装 【掌握】当 if 引导的虚拟条件从句中含有助动词 had, were, should 等时，将 if 省略，将had, were, should 等移到主语前，可构成倒装

13、句。 例句：1）Were I you, I would take her advice.如果我是你的话，我会接受她的建议。 2）Had you come with us, I think you would have enjoyed Europe,too.如果你和我们 一起来，我想你也会喜欢欧洲的。倒装句的几种特例 【掌握】1. 为了强调分词所表示的意义，把分词（短语）置于句首，主语移至位于动词 后，引起全部倒装。例句：1）Coming gradually is spring. 春天来了。2）Attending the ceremony are our classmates from home

14、 and abroad.来自国内外的同学参加了这个典礼。2. 表语置于句首时，为了修辞需要引起全部倒装，倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。 例句：1）Present at the meeting last week were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 上周白教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人出席了这个会议。四 倒装解题思路遇到倒装题目时，1. 先分析整个句子含义；2. 寻找关键词，如否定副词/连词、结构（not only.but also., hardly when），从 而来判定时全部倒装还是部分倒装；3.

15、分析时语态。五 倒装生活应用1. Behind every successful man, there is a woman - And behind every unsuccessful man, there are two. Mark Twain2. I believe God loves you, and so do I. film3. Only when were brave enough to explore the darkness will we discover the infinite power of our light. Brene Brown4. Never again

16、 will I justify the scars just because I loved the person holding the knife.Steve Maraboli5. Only after the last tree has been cut down. Only after the last river has been poisoned. Only after the last fish has been caught. Only then will you find that money cannot be eaten. Cree Indian Prophecy六 典型

17、例题选择题1. ，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound2. Hearing the loud explosion, with nothing on him.A. out did he rush B. rushed he outC. out rushed he D. out he rushed3.

18、Among the crises that face humans the lack of natural resources.A. is B. are C. is there D. are there4. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River , one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing liesB. C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie5. -Is eve

19、ryone here?-Not yet. Look, there the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming答案及解析：1. 选 D，本题考查倒装。as 在此处意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；as 引导的让步状语从句须部分倒装，将要强调的部分提在 as 之前，其他部分语序 不变。故此处应将强调的“strange”提前，其余部分为正常语序。故正确答案为 D。2. 选 D，本题考查倒装句。分析句子可知，Hearing the loud explosion 为状语， 空格处或使用正常语序或将 out 提前

20、。若将 out 提前，则表示地点方向的介词词 组或副词放在句首时且主语为名词需要用完全倒装；当主语为代词时不倒装，此 处主语为代词 he，所以不使用倒装，D 项正确。A 项为部分倒装，B 项无此用法， C 项为完全倒装，均错误。故正确答案为 D。3. 选 A，本题考查倒装句。方位介词短语“among the crises”置于句首时，句子 要全部倒装，即主谓倒装。句中的主语应该为“the lack of natural resources”，中 心词 the lack 为抽象名词，不可数，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式 is。故正 确答案为 A。4. 选 A，此题考查倒装句。表示方位的地点状语

21、（At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River）提前，句子主语和谓语应完全倒装，故正确答 案为 A。5. 选 A，本题考查倒装句。there 放在句首，句子应该采用全部倒装，即主语在 谓语之后。又句中的主语是 the rest of our guests，所以谓语动词应该用复数形式， 故正确答案为 A。语法填空1. Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away (flee) the thief.2. Little (he realize) that we were watching

22、 his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.3. The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There (stand) many stone sculptures of famous historical figures.4. So fast (travel)(光传播) that we can hardly imagine it speed.5. Were he (do) the work, he would do it som

23、e other way.单句改错1. When autumn comes, down falls the leaves.2. I couldnt believe my lucknot only did I had my photo taken with him, but he signed his name on my shirt!3. Both my parents miss you a lot. So do our friend, Cathy.4. I believe that only by working hard I will have a chance to go to a goo

24、d college.答案及解析：1. 填 fled，介词放在句首为 H 原则-完全倒装。2. 填 did he realize，little 否定，N 原则。3. 填 stand，There 在句首为 H 原则。4. 填 does light travel，so.that.为 S 原则。5. 填 to do，If 引导的虚拟语气倒装，为 I 原则。答案解析：1. 将 falls 改成 fall，因为 leaves 是复数，所以动词用 fall。2. 将 had 改成 have，因为 did 已经提前倒装，所以 had 要修改成 have.3. 将 do 修改成 does，因为我们的朋友 Cathy 只有一个人，所以是 so does our friend。4. 将 will 放到 I 之前，Only by 放在宾语从句的句首，所以句子要倒装，will 放到I 之前。