VC++常用技术术语.docx

1、VC+常用技术术语VC作为一个主流的开发平台一直深受编程爱好者的喜爱，严格的来说VC+不是门语言，虽然它和C+之间有密切的关系,如果形象点比喻的话，可以C+看作为一种“工业标准”，而VC+则是某种操作系统平台下的“厂商标准”,而“厂商标准”是在遵循“工业标准”的前提下扩展而来的。 VC+应用程序的开发主要有两种模式，一种是WIN API方式，另一种则是MFC方式，传统的WIN API开发方式比较繁琐，而MFC则是对WIN API再次封装，所以MFC相对于WIN API开发更具备效率优势，但为了对WINDOWS开发有一个较为全面细致的认识，笔者在这里还是以讲解WIN API的相关内容为主线。要想

2、学习好VC必须具备良好的C/C+的基础，必要的英语阅读能力也是必不可少的，因为大量的技术文档多以英文形式发布。第一部分：VC+中的对象的命名规则、常用宏定义的命名,以及VC+下的数据类型。（注：这部分简单浏览即可。）匈牙利命名法规则一般情况下，变量的取名方式为： + + 。范围前缀_，类型前缀_，限定词。特殊的类型命名,前缀表示： 类、接口前缀 类型例子备注LmClass LmObject表示类型本身不与范围前缀结合使用IInterface 接口IUnknown注：类名前缀改为Lm，对于非全局的类最好有语义表示其所属模块。类的实例命名与类名大致相同，只是类名语义表示类的通用含义，而类名表示此实

3、例的具体语义。如类名LmSketPoint表示草图点的类定义，而它的两个实例 _StartPoint,_EndPoint分别代表起点和终点的语义。类的实例命名带上前缀_。特殊约定：a MouseTool的派生类的前缀为_Mt.b 对话框类的前缀为CDlg.c 橡皮条类的前缀为_Rb.凡围前缀:前缀类型例子备注g_全局作用域g_Serversm_成员变量m_pDoc, l_局部作用域l_strName少用注：编程时尽量少用全程变量，对于全程变量还应在类型前缀后加上如下关键字：特征模块 ： Fea草图模块 ： Sket装配模块 ： Asm工程图模块： Lay曲面模块 ： Surf界面模块 ： Ui

4、常用的一般数据类型的前缀前缀类型内存规格描述例子chchar8-bit characterchGradechTCHAR16-bit character if _UNICODE is definedchNamebBOOLBoolean valuebEnablednintInteger (size dependent on operating system)nLengthnUINTUnsigned value (size dependent on operating system)nLengthwWORD16-bit unsigned valuewPoslLONG32-bit signed int

5、egerlOffsetdwDWORD32-bit unsigned integerdwRangep*Ambient memory model pointerpDoclpFAR*Far pointerlpDoclpszLPSTR32-bit pointer to character stringlpszNamelpszLPCSTR32-bit pointer to constant character stringlpszNamelpszLPCTSTR32-bit pointer to constant character string if _UNICODE is definedlpszNam

6、ehhandleHandle to Windows objecthWndlpfn(*fn)()callbackFar pointer to CALLBACK functionlpfnAbort常用Windows对象名称缩写Windows 对象例子变量MFC类例子对象HWNDhWnd;CWnd*pWnd;HDLGhDlg;CDialog*pDlg;HDChDC;CDC*pDC;HGDIOBJhGdiObj;CGdiObject*pGdiObj;HPENhPen;CPen*pPen; HBRUSHhBrush;CBrush*pBrush; HFONThFont;CFont*pFont; HBITM

7、APhBitmap;CBitmap*pBitmap; HPALETTEhPalette;CPalette*pPalette; HRGNhRgn;CRgn*pRgn; HMENUhMenu;CMenu*pMenu; HWNDhCtl;CStatic*pStatic; HWNDhCtl;CButton*pBtn;HWNDhCtl;CEdit*pEdit; HWNDhCtl;CListBox*pListBox;HWNDhCtl;CComboBox*pComboBox;Visual C+常用宏定义命名列表前缀符号类型符号例子范围IDR_标识多个资源共享的类型IDR_MAINFRAME1 to 0x6F

8、FFIDD_对话框资源(Dialog)IDD_SPELL_CHECK1 to 0x6FFFIDB_位图资源(Bitmap)IDB_COMPANY_LOGO1 to 0x6FFFIDC_光标资源(Cursor)IDC_PENCIL1 to 0x6FFFIDI_图标资源(Icon)IDI_NOTEPAD1 to 0x6FFFID_IDM_工具栏或菜单栏的命令项ID_TOOLS_SPELLING0x8000 to 0xDFFFHID_命令上下文帮助(Command Help context)HID_TOOLS_SPELLING0x18000 to 0x1DFFFIDP_消息框提示文字资源IDP_IN

9、VALID_PARTNO8 to 0xDFFFHIDP_消息框上下文帮助(Message-box Help context)HIDP_INVALID_PARTNO0x30008 to 0x3DFFFIDS_字符串资源(String)IDS_COPYRIGHT1 to 0x7FFFIDC_对话框内的控制资源(Control)IDC_RECALC8 to 0xDFFFVISUAL C+ 下的数据类型类型含义ATOMAtom. For more information, see Atoms.BOOLBoolean variable (should be TRUE or FALSE).BOOLEANB

10、oolean variable (should be TRUE or FALSE).BYTEByte (8 bits).CALLBACKCalling convention for callback functions.CHAR8-bit Windows (ANSI) character. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.COLORREFRed, green, blue (RGB) color value (32 bits). See COLORREF for information on this type.CON

11、STVariable whose value is to remain constant during execution.DWORD32-bit unsigned integer.DWORD_PTRUnsigned long type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to a long type to perform pointer arithmetic. (Also commonly used for general 32-bit parameters that have been extended to 64 bits

12、in 64-bit Windows. )DWORD3232-bit unsigned integer.DWORD6464-bit unsigned integer.FLOATFloating-point variable.HACCELHandle to an accelerator table.HANDLEHandle to an object.HBITMAPHandle to a bitmap. HBRUSHHandle to a brush.HCONVHandle to a dynamic data exchange (DDE) conversation.HCONVLISTHandle t

13、o a DDE conversation list.HCURSORHandle to a cursor.HDCHandle to a device context (DC).HDDEDATAHandle to DDE data.HDESKHandle to a desktop.HDROPHandle to an internal drop structure.HDWPHandle to a deferred window position structure.HENHMETAFILEHandle to an enhanced metafile.HFILEHandle to a file ope

14、ned by OpenFile, not CreateFile.HFONTHandle to a font.HGDIOBJHandle to a GDI object.HGLOBALHandle to a global memory block.HHOOKHandle to a hook.HICONHandle to an icon.HIMAGELISTHandle to an image list.HIMCHandle to input context.HINSTANCEHandle to an instance.HKEYHandle to a registry key.HKLInput l

15、ocale identifier.HLOCALHandle to a local memory block.HMENUHandle to a menu.HMETAFILEHandle to a metafile.HMODULEHandle to a module. The value is the base address of the module.HMONITORHandle to a display monitor.HPALETTEHandle to a palette.HPENHandle to a pen. HRGNHandle to a region.HRSRCHandle to

16、a resource.HSZHandle to a DDE string.HWINSTAHandle to a window station.HWNDHandle to a window.INT32-bit signed integer.INT_PTRSigned integral type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to an integer to perform pointer arithmetic.INT3232-bit signed integer.INT6464-bit signed integer.LANGI

17、DLanguage identifier. For more information, see Locales.LCIDLocale identifier. For more information, see Locales.LCTYPELocale information type. For a list, see Locale and Language Information.LONG32-bit signed integer. LONG_PTRSigned long type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to a l

18、ong to perform pointer arithmetic.LONG3232-bit signed integer.LONG6464-bit signed integer.LONGLONG64-bit signed integer.LPARAMMessage parameter.LPBOOLPointer to a BOOL. LPBYTEPointer to a BYTE. LPCOLORREFPointer to a COLORREF value.LPCRITICAL_SECTIONPointer to a CRITICAL_SECTION.LPCSTRPointer to a c

19、onstant null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LPCTSTRAn LPCWSTR if UNICODE is defined, an LPCTSTR otherwise.LPCVOIDPointer to a constant of any type.LPCWSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode chara

20、cters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LPDWORDPointer to a DWORD.LPHANDLEPointer to a HANDLE.LPINTPointer to an INT.LPLONGPointer to a LONG.LPSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LPTST

21、RAn LPWSTR if UNICODE is defined, an LPSTR otherwise.LPVOIDPointer to any type.LPWORDPointer to a WORD.LPWSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LRESULTSigned result of message processing.LUIDLocally unique identifi

22、er. PBOOLPointer to a BOOL.PBOOLEANPointer to a BOOL.PBYTEPointer to a BYTE.PCHARPointer to a CHAR.PCRITICAL_SECTIONPointer to a CRITICAL_SECTION.PCSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.PCTSTRA PCWST

23、R if UNICODE is defined, a PCSTR otherwise.PCWCHPointer to a constant WCHAR.PCWSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts. PDWORDPointer to a DWORD.PFLOATPointer to a FLOAT.PHANDLEPointer to a HANDLE.PHKEYPoint

24、er to an HKEY.PINTPointer to an INT. PLCIDPointer to an LCID.PLONGPointer to a LONG.PLUIDPointer to a LUID. POINTER_3232-bit pointer. On a 32-bit system, this is a native pointer. On a 64-bit system, this is a truncated 64-bit pointer. POINTER_6464-bit pointer. On a 64-bit system, this is a native p

25、ointer. On a 32-bit system, this is a sign-extended 32-bit pointer.PSHORTPointer to a SHORT.PSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.PTBYTEPointer to a TBYTE.PTCHARPointer to a TCHAR.PTSTRPWSTR if UNICODE is de

26、fined, a PSTR otherwise.PTBYTEPointer to a TBYTE.PTCHARPointer to a TCHAR.PTSTRA PWSTR if UNICODE is defined, a PSTR otherwise.PUCHARPointer to a UCHAR.PUINTPointer to a UINT.PULONGPointer to a ULONG.PUSHORTPointer to a USHORT.PVOIDPointer to any type.PWCHARPointer to a WCHAR.PWORDPointer to a WORD.

27、PWSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.REGSAMSecurity access mask for registry key.SC_HANDLEHandle to a service control manager database. For more information, see SCM Handles.SC_LOCKHandle to a service control ma

28、nager database lock. For more information, see SCM Handles.SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLEHandle to a service status value. For more information, see SCM Handles.SHORTShort integer (16 bits).SIZE_TThe maximum number of bytes to which a pointer can point. Use for a count that must span the full range of a poin

29、ter.SSIZE_ TSigned SIZE_T.TBYTEA WCHAR if UNICODE is defined, a CHAR otherwise.TCHARA WCHAR if UNICODE is defined, a CHAR otherwise.UCHARUnsigned CHAR.UINTUnsigned INT.UINT_PTRUnsigned INT_PTR.UINT32Unsigned INT32.UINT64Unsigned INT64.ULONGUnsigned LONG.ULONG_PTRUnsigned LONG_PTR.ULONG32Unsigned LONG32.ULONG64Unsigned LONG64.ULONGLONG64-bit unsigned integer.UNSIGNEDUnsigned attribute.USHORTUnsigned SHORT.VOIDAny type.WCHAR16-bit Unicode character. For more information