初高中学英语衔接语法.docx

1、初高中学英语衔接语法做好初中高中英语语法衔接资料一、冠词用法小结 冠词的用法在英语学习中较为复杂，千头万绪，尤其是惯用法，请同学们平时学习时注意积累。以下不过是谈谈冠词的一些常规的用法。一、 不定冠词的用法：1、 泛指人或事物的类别，相当于any, 如: A hammer is tool.A boy is waiting for you. We work 8 hours a day. A steel worker makes steel. There is a book on your desk. I go home twice a month.2、 泛指某人或某物。 3、 表one或ever

2、y。 4、 表示the same 的意思。Birds of a (= the same) feather flock together; people of a kind come together.5、 用在不可数名词前a)（用在物质名词前）一种，一份 A large coffee for me. It was a wonderful tea.b)（用在某些表示风、雨等的名词前）It was clear daylight now and a fine rain was falling. There is a cold wind this morning. c)（用在抽象名词前）一种 That

3、 is a great disappointment. Its a pleasure to work with you. He had a Van Gogh in the dining-room. Hes a living Lei Feng.6、 （用在某些专有名词前）某个叫的人，一张的画，一个象的人等。I saw a Mrs. Smith on the 12th at 2:00. What a strange London they saw!7、 用于某些固定词组中。 a few, a little, a good many, a lot of, all of a sudden, as a

4、rule, have a cold等。8、 在元音音素开头的名词前应用an, 如an apple, an English book。要以发音为准，并非以元音字母而定。如a university, an hour, an h, an X-ray examination.二、 定冠词的用法。1、 表特定的或上文提到的人或物。The boy likes the film. Shut the door, please.The old poor peasant has a son. The son is a model worker.2、 表示世界上独一无二的东西。the earth, the moon

5、, the stars, the sun（但space前不用）3、 用在序数词、形容词或副词最高级前。the second, the tallest, the last, the first.4、 用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派或组织机构等的专有名词前。the United States; the Peoples Republic of China; the Communist Party of China; the Chinese 1Peoples Liberation Army; the No. 15 Middle School; the department of Education.

6、5、 用在某些建筑物名称前。The Great Hall of the People; the Monument to the Peoples Heroes; the Great Wall; the Capital Theatre; the Space Museum; the Peace Hotel。6、 用在江河海洋，山脉群岛，海峡海湾等专有名词前。The Changjiang River, the Red Sea, the Dabie Mountains, the English Channel, the Taiwan Straits, the Persian Gulf。7、 用在报纸、会

7、议、条约等专有名词前。the Peoples Daily（但：China Daily） the New York Times, the 15th Party Congress, the Geneva Agreement8、 用在方位名词前，某些习惯短语中或结构搭配中。on the left, in the east, in the morning, on the other hand, in the end, hit sb on the head, catch sb by the arm9、 用在形容词前表一类人。the poor, the dead, the young, the rich,

8、 the wounded.10、 用在双方都知，不言而喻的名词前。Give me the book. Whos the man?用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妇二人。the Smiths, the Greens, the Wangs, the Turners11、 用在单数可数名词前泛指某类人或物(指整个一类)。The horse is a useful animal.The computer was invaded not long ago. （但更多时候表特指：The horse is ill. ） 12、 指世纪的年代。in the 1890s或in the 1890s13、 用在表示乐器

9、的名词前。play the piano (the guitar, the violin, the flute)14、 用在某国语言前，构成the language的形式。The English language is very widely used all over the world.如果单用国家变来的语言名词形式，则不用the。Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world.15、 用于“论（或按）计”之类的意思。He got paid by the hour. They sell the cloth by the mete

10、r.三、 不用冠词的场合。1、 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名前一般不用冠词。China, Johnson;Air is matter. Sound is invisible. 2、 当名词已被指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格限制时。 This book is good. I read my English book every day.3、 注：指示代词和物主代词亦不能并用。my that book, 应该说：that book of mine.街名、广场名、公园名前。Wall Street. Tiananmen Square, Hyde Park.24、 省市、大学名前。Hubei

11、 Province (但the Province of Hubei); Wuhan City(但the City of Wuhan); Qinghua University(但：the University of Qinghua)5、 湖泊前一般不用冠词。East Lake, Salt Lake, Dongting Lake6、 山峰前不用冠词。Mount Hua, Mount Tai, Mount Everest7、 月份、星期、节日、三餐饭的名词前。March, Christmas, Sunday; of the years.Have you had lunch? Spring is th

12、e best season(但月份或季节被限定则须冠词。I arrived here in the winter of 1993.)8、 称呼语，表示头街或职务作宾补或同位语的名词。Whats this, John? We like maths. We made Li Hai monitor. They often play football.9、 学科名、球类、棋类名词六前。 10、 泛指的复数名词前。Students must work hard at their lesson.11、 与by连用的交通工具或表示方式、手段的名词前。by bus, by hand, by radio, by

13、 air, by water.冠词用法巩固练习1. Im afraid I dare not speak in _ public. Just have _ try. A. a; 不填; A. 不填; 不填; A. the; theB. 不填; a B. a; the B. 不填; theC. the; a C. a; 不填; C. 不填; 不填; C. the; aD. the; the D. 不填; the D. the; 不填; D. 不填; the2. As you know, _ man cant live without _ water.3. The police have _ po

14、wer to arrest bad people by _ law.4. Paris is _ most beautiful city, where you can see _ famous Eiffel Tower.A. a; the B. a; 不填; 5. Do you like the novels?A. a A. The; the A. in honor ofB. the B. A; the B. in the place of I dont like either of them. Please show me _ third one.C. X C. A; 不填; C. in fa

15、vor ofD. an D. The; a D. in the way of6. Keep away from the cage. _ lion is _ fierce animal.7. The class named _ Lei Fang is one of the best classed in this school. 8. What about _ bike? Do you think it all right to buy him that bike as _ birthday gift? A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the3D. the ; the9. Fir

16、st aid is _ science of giving _ medical care to _ person.A. the; 不填; a B. the; the; a C. a; 不填; the 10. Please pay attention to your spelling. Youve dropped _ n here.A. anB. thethD. 不填; a; the D. andC. 不填;11. Bill Clinton took _ office on January 20, 1993, and became _ 42 US President.A. an; the B.

17、不填; the C. the; 不填; 12. Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning? I think I saw _ one somewhere. Is it _ red one? A. a; the; a B. a; a; the C. the; 不填; a 13. The news is spreading from mouth to mouth. Yes, its become _ talk of _ town. A. a; a A. a speedB. the; 不填; B. speedC. the; the C. the

18、speedD. 不填; 不填;D. a; 不填; aD. a; 不填; D. for speed14. Now the machine runs at double _. 15. I hope you will be ready to leave on time. Dont worry. Ill be ready _ the taxi arrives. A. by the time C. at the time of B. in time forD. until the time when B. a; will swimD. the; will be swimming16. If he goe

19、s on swimming in that lake for _ four hours, he _ in it for twelve hours.A. another; will have been swimming C. other; has swum I cant believe it. A. an; aB. a; the17. Charley Oakley, _ NBA All-star, hasnt missed _ game in past three years.C. the; a D. an; the18. What did you think of the place? I d

20、idnt car for it at _ first, but after _ time I got to like it. A. 不填; theB. the; aC. the; 不填;D. 不填; a19. In the past ten years, there have been many changes in family life. Are these changes _? A. better or worse the worse20. The letter _. I should have received it this morning.B. for best or for wo

21、rstD. for the better or forC. for the good or for the badA. is to be mailed B. has been mailed C. had been mailed D. was being mailed21. Towards _ morning, _ heavy snow began to fall.A. the; a B. an; a C. a; 不填; D不填; the 22. My mother is usually on _ duty in her office every _ few days. A. the; a B.

22、 不填; a 23. He has finished _.A. a day work C. 不填; 不填; C. a days work4D. a; 不填; D. a day-workB. days working24. May we come in right now? Certainly, but only two are allowed _. A. at a time A. has she; the _ I met her. A. A moment C. The moment when B. The moment D. For a momentB. in a while B. she h

23、as; theC. at one time C. has she; aD. for a while D. she has; a25. No wonder _ failed in the driving test for _ second time. 26. When did you recognize her?27. Is this radio show still _? No. It will be broadcast again next month. A. by air A. timewinner of _ prize. A不填; a A. for memory ofB. the; th

24、eC. 不填; theD. one; the D. in a memory for30. The building was named Ford Hall _ a man named James Ford.B. through the air B. a dateC. on the air C. a timeD. in the air D. the date28. The evening meal for Americans is usually long and _ for families to gather together. 29. Duffield White, who is in _

25、 charge of the competition, said that the boy was the youngestB. in the memory that C. in memory of31. Oh, Mary, _ you have given us! I _ so soon.A. how pleasant surprise; had no idea that you come B. how pleasant surprise; dont suppose you will come C. how pleasant a surprise; didnt suppose you wou

26、ld come D. what pleasant surprise; dont think you have come32. These two rooms are of _ size. But another two rooms are three times _ size of them.A. the; the A. 90s; theB. a; the B. the 90s; 不填;C. a; a C. 90s; theirD. the; a D. the 90s; their33. It is not rare in _ that people in _ fifties are goin

27、g to university for further education. 34. Whats your elder sister? She is _ teacher and _ writer. A. the; thesome of _ plays. A. 不填; 不填; A. A X-ray equipment C. X-ray equipmentsB. a; theC. the; 不填; B. An X-ray equipment D. X-ray equipmentD. the; the36. _ played an important roll in field hospitals

28、during the war.B. a; 不填; C. a; a D. the; a35. Professor Smith had not given _ talk on Shakespeare for a long time, so he had to brush up on37. At midnight they reached _ small village _ east of _ Ever-white Mountain.A. a; 不填; the B. a; 不填; 不填; C. the; the; the D. the; an; an 38. Young as he is, Davi

29、d has gained _ rich experience in _ society. 5A. 不填; 不填; B. the; the C. a; 不填; D. 不填; the39. What do you think of the TV play Hand in Hand? Just so-so. However, I dont think it is worth watching _.A. a second timeA. the; the B. the second time B. the; 不填Key110. BADAA DABAA 1120. BDDCA AADAD2130. ACC

30、AD BCCCC 3140. CBDBB DAAAB C. for the second time D. secondly C. 不填; the D.不填；不填 40. The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _ wool used.二、介词 介词又叫做前置词，是一种虚词，不能单独在句子当中担当成分，它后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类搭配（介词宾语）构成介词短语；和动词搭配构成短语动词，然后才能够在句子当中充当成分。介词分为简单介词，如：at, in, on, besides, since, for等；合成介词，如：inside, outside, without, within, into, onto等；短语介词（或成语介词），如：because of, in front of, instead of, in spite of等；二重介词，如：from behind