小学六年级英语介词用法及练习.docx

1、小学六年级英语介词用法及练习介词用法及练习1、早、午、晚要用in 例：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天 2、at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜 以上短语都不用冠词 at six oclock 在6点钟 at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7点半 at half past eleven 在11点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15分

2、 at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分 也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上) five minutes after two 2点过5分 at a quarter to two 1点45分 at the weekend 在周末 3、年、月、年月、季节、周 即在来年，在某月，在某年某月，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。 在某年某月某日则用on例；in 1986 在1986年 in 1927 在1927年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月 in December 1986 1986年12月 in July l983 1983年7月 in

3、 spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季 in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下 a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人 the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服 in mourning 穿着丧服 in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his

4、shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫 5、将来时态in.以后 after. (从过去开始)例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。 Ill come round in a day or two. 我一两天就回来。 Well be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来。 Come and see me in two days time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始) 6、小处at大处in 例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Dont w

5、orry. 李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。 I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。 Im in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市 如下成语惯用in 例如： in all 总计 in advance 事前 in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地 in hopes of(或in the hope of) 怀着.

6、希望 in connection with 和有关 in contact with 和联系 in addition to 除.以外 in case of 倘若，万一 in conflict with 和.冲突 in force 有效的，大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于 in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近 in retrospect 回顾，一想起 in behalf of 代表.利益 in the least 一点，丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心 in the opinion of 据见解 in the long run 从长远说来 in

7、ones opinion 在看来 in word 口头上 in a word 总之 in vain 无益地, 白白地 in case 如果，万一，以防 in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管 in other words. 换句话说 in return 作为回报 in the name of 以.名义 be confident in 对.有信心 be interested in 对.感兴趣 in doubt 怀疑 in love 恋爱中 in debt 负债 in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地 in h

8、esitation 犹豫不决 in wonder 在惊奇中 in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地) in a good humour 心情(情绪)好 10、介词at、to表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分。 介词at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意；用to表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：1. AShe came at me. 她向我扑过来。 BShe came to me. 她向我走过来。 2AJake ran at John. 几 杰克向约翰扑过去。 BJake ran to John. 杰克朝约翰跑去

9、。 3A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。 B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。 4AHe shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。 B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说 5AI heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听见她在抱怨小李。 BI heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听见她在同小李低声说话。 6A. She talked at

10、 you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢。 BShe talked to you just now. 她刚才还同你谈话呢. 7AShe threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。 BShe threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。 8AHe presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我。 BHe presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪。 11、日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用on。 例: on Octorber the first 1949 1949年10月1日

11、on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日 on May the first 5月1日 on the first 1号 on the sixteenth 16号 on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日 on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚 on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日) on New Years Day 在元旦 on my birthday 在我的生日 但 in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期; in the eight

12、eenth century 在十八世纪; in ancient times 在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在现代，则用in，the present time 现在，at the present day当今则用at。 on May Day 在五一节 on winter day 在冬天 on Decenber 12th 1950 l950年12月12日 on Sunday 在星期天 on Monday 在星期一 on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨 on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午 on Friday eve

13、ning 星期五晚上 但last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上; on time准时，in time及时，等则不同。 年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in 例： on the morning of 18th 18日早晨 on the evening of 4th 4日晚上 On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。 12、收音、农场，值日on 例：Did y

14、our supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night? 您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗? I heard the news over (or on) the radio. 我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。 taIk over the radio 由无线电播音 on TV 从电视里. hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到 My brother works on an Army reclamation farm. 我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。 The students are wo

15、rking on a school farm. 学生们正在校办农场劳动。 This is a farmers house on a farm. 这是农场的农舍。 Who is on duty, tody? 今天谁值日? We go on duty at 8 a.m. 我们上午8点钟上班。 13、关于、基础、靠、著论 例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation. 今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。 Professor Shen will give us a talk on

16、 travelling in America. 申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。 You are wrong on all these issues. 在这些问题上你的看法都错了。 The belief is based on practical experience. 这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。 Theory must be based on practice. 理论必须以实践为基础。 The people in the south live on rice. 南方人主食大米。(靠) The citizens live on their salaries. 城市人靠薪金生活。 You

17、 cant afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month 靠月薪100元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。 Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food 她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。 He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people. 他正是一个小偷，专靠损害别人过日子。 Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling). 让水壶的水一直开着。 The enemy are on the run (=running). 敌人在逃跑。

18、on后接the加上一个作名词的动词其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如： on the march在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl徘徊，on the move活动中，on the scrounge巧取豪夺(埋语)，on the go活跃，忙碌，on the lookout注意, 警戒，on the watch监视着。on the hop趁不备抓住某人等等。 on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship和 on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship on Coalition Govern

19、ment 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准 注：口诀中的着是指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。 例：The house next to mine was on fire. 我邻居的房子着火了。 The workers of the railway station were on strike. 铁路工人罢工了。 Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale. 新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。 do something on the sly (quiet). 秘

20、密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。 Ive come here on business. 我是有公事来的。 They went to Bern on a mission. 他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。 They has been away on a long trip. 他们出去做一次长途旅行。 Ill go home on leave next month. 下月我将休假回家。 I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave. 我是公出去上海的，不是不告面别。 She came to see you on purpose. 她是专程来看你

21、的。 He came here on purpose to discuss it with you. 他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。 This lunch is on me. No. lets go Dutch. 这顿午饭我付钱。 不，还是各付各的。 On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反，这事儿很容易理解。 P1ease come on time. (on schedule). 请准时来。 注：in time是及时的意思。 The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。 14、特定时间和一就，左右o

22、n后动名词 例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling. 气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间) On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。 On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。 Ill write to him on hearing from you. 我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一就) 以及on the left, r

23、ight向左向右，on the stair在台阶上等。 15、步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage用in 例：On foot步行; on horse骑马; on donkey 骑驴。 He rode on, blood flowing from his side. 他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。 The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit. 为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。 Go on horse back! 骑马去！

24、You are having me on! 你和我开玩笑呢! in cab和in carriage 不能用on或by cab或carrige。 at山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心 即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以速率、温度、在日落时、在核心要用at。 例：At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades. 在山脚下，有我们30个同志。 There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖。 At the gate of the house t

25、here are many children playing glassball. 门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。 Whos standing there at the door? 谁站在门口? I dont need the dictionary at present. 我现在还不需要这本词典。 He is at present in Washington. 他目前正在华盛顿。 The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour. 火车每小时行驶50公里。 we built the plant at top speed and minimun cost. 我们

26、以最低的投资，最高的速度修建了该工厂。 at home 在国内，在家里 at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10度 at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10度 Water freezes at 0centigrade. 水在镊氏零度结冰。 Water usually boils at 100. 水通常在摄氏loo度沸赐。 at zero 在零度 at the rate of 45 miles an hour at full speed 全速 at a good price 高价 at a low cost 低成本 at a great

27、cost 花了很大代价 at that time 在当时 Evaporation takes place at all tempertures. 蒸发在任何温度下都能发生。 at 1000RPM (revolution per minute) 每分钟1000转 at a high speed 高速 The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset. 战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。 at daybreak 日出时 The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chin

28、ese Communist Party. 领导我们事业的核心力量是中国共产党。 The atom has a nucleus at its core. 在原子的中心有一个原于核。 At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us.用适当的介词填空1. The man blue is Jacks father.2. Who the girl small mouth?3. You shouldnt walk the grass.4. Look, Nancy is sitt

29、ing her father and mother.5. You must stay away the house.6. Now, I know a lot insects.7. My little brother always has a lot questions.8. Were very happy school.9. Keep the grass,please.10. Jim is in Row 4.I sit him11. Lets hurry, were late the class.12. Liu Tao is passing the ball David.13. Whos th

30、e woman the red scarf?14. Our classroom is the teachersoffice15. Look the picture. Who is the girl the man and the woman.16. Can you read the number one ten?17. Go the street,turn right at the first crossing.18. What can you see the tree? Some peaches19. Mr Wang is ill. Hes home20. Heres a letter Fang Ming. Let me read it to you.21. My skirts are the sofa 22. This is a photo my family 23. Can I go you?24. The girl green is my aun