最全面人教版八年级上册英语各单元知识点总复习归纳总结.docx

1、最全面人教版八年级上册英语各单元知识点总复习归纳总结人教版八年级上册英语各单元知识点总复习归纳总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?一、 词汇与短语 重点单词A部分1. anyone pron. 任何人2. anywhere adv. 在任何地方3. wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的4. few adj. & pron. 不多；很少5. most adj. adv. & pron. 最多;大多数6. something pron. 某事；某物7. nothing pron. 没有什么;没有一件东西8. everyone pron. 每人；人人；

2、所有人9. myself pron. 我自己；我本人10. Yourself pron. 你自己；您自己11. hen n. 母鸡12. pig n. 猪13. seem v. 好像；似乎；看来14. bored adj.厌倦的；烦闷的15. diary n. 日记；记事簿B部分1. enjoyable adj.有乐趣的；令人愉快的2. activity n.活动3. decide v.决定；选定4. try v. 尝试；设法；努力5. paragliding n.滑翔伞运动6. bird n.鸟7. bicycle n.自行车；脚踏车8. building n.建筑物；房子9. trader

3、 n.商人10. wonder v.想知道；琢磨11. difference n.差别；差异12. top n.顶部；表面13. wait v.等待；等候14. umbrella n. 伞；雨伞15. wet adj.湿的；潮湿的；下雨的16. below prep. & adv. 在下面；到下面17. enough adj. & adv.足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）18. dislike v. & n.不喜爱（的事物）；厌恶（的事物）19. as adv.像样；如同conj.当时;如同20. hill n.小山；山丘21. duck n.鸭22. hungry adj.饥饿的 重

4、点短语A部分1. go on vacation 去度假2. stay at home 待在家里3. go to the mountains 去爬山4. go to the beach 去海滩5. visit museums 参观博物馆6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营7. quite a few 相当多；不少8. study for 为而学习9. go out 出去10. most of the time 大部分时间11. taste good 尝起来好吃12. have a good time 玩得高兴13. go shopping 去购物14. of course 当然

5、；自然15. buy sth. for sb. /buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物B部分1. arrive in/at 到达2. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事3. try doing sth. 尝试做某事4. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事5. feel like给 的感觉；感受到6. in the past 在过去7. wait for 等候8. because of 因为9. the next day 第二天10. take photos 照相11. find out 找出；查明12. up and down 上上下下 重点句子A部分1. Wher

6、e did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假了？2. Long time no see. 好久不见。3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗？4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大部分时间我只待在家里看书和放松。5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。6. I bought something for my father. 我给我爸爸买了些东西。7. How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样？ 8

7、. The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.唯一的问题是晚上除了看书之外没有事情可做。B部分1. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早晨我和家人到了马来西亚槟城。2. We decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 我们决定去宾馆附近的海滩。3. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特

8、别的东西。4. I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真喜欢在城镇到处散步。5. What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大啊！6. but many of the old buildings are still there. 但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。7. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。8. My legs were so tired that I wanted to

9、 stop. 我的腿如此疲劳，以至于我想停下来了。 重点单词变形A部分1. wonderwonderful （形容词）2. many/muchmore（比较级）most（最高级）3. not anythingnothing（同义词）4. Imemyminemyself（反身代词）5. boreboring（修饰物，形容词）bored（修饰人，形容词）6. youyouyouryoursyourself/yourselves（反身代词）7. diarydiaries（复数）B部分1. enjoyenjoyable（形容词）2. active activity（名词）3. decidedecide

10、d（过去式）4. build building（名词）5. tradetrader（名词，表示类人）6. differentdifference（名词）7. wetdry（反义词）8. belowabove（反义词）9. hungryfull（反义词）10. likedislike（反义词）二、语法知识点A部分（1）复合不定代词的用法someanynoevery复合不定代词thingsomethinganythingnothingeverythingbodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodyonesomeoneanyoneno oneeveryone复合不定副词whe

11、resomewhereanywherenowhereeverywhere1、复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语，不能作定语（即不具有形容词的性质）。 含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来代替人，在功能和意义上完全相同，可以互换。eg. Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间里哭。 含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。eg. Are you going to buy anything? 你打算去买东西吗？2、复合不定代词都作单数看待，如果充当主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg. Is everyone

12、here today? 今天大家都到齐了吗？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。3、形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。eg. Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲一些有趣的事情吗？Did you go anywhere interesting last weekend？上周末你去什么有趣的地方了4、和some, any用法一样，带有some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句和请求语气的句子中，带有any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句。eg. I

13、have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事要告诉你。Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗？ 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中，也可用含-some的复合不定代词。eg. Would you like something to eat? 你想要吃的东西吗？ （表示建议）Could you tell me something about her？你能告诉我一些关于她的事吗？ （表示请求）Why dont you ask someone to help you？你为什么不请人帮你呢 （

14、表示反问） 含有any的复合不定代词也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何人”或“任何事”的意思。eg. Anything is OK.什么都行。Anybody knows the answer. 任何人都知道答案。练习：一、选择题( ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat.A. anythingB. somethingC. everythingD. nothing( ) 2. Do you have _ to say for yourself? No, I have _ to say.A. something; everythingB. nothing; somethingC

15、. everything; anythingD. anything; nothing( ) 3. Why not ask _ to help you?A. everyoneB. someoneC. anyoneD. none( ) 4. Everything _ ready. We can start now.A. areB. isC. beD. were( ) 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK.A. anything wrongB. wrong somethingC. nothing wrongD. wrong nothing( ) 6. She liste

16、ned carefully, but heard _.A. anyoneB. Someone C. everyoneD. nothing( ) 7. I agree with most of what you said, but I dot agree with _.A. everythingB. anythingC. somethingD. nothing( ) 8. Everything _ good.A. beB. areC. isD. were二、用适当的复合不定代词填空。1、Listen, _ is singing next door2、She didnt go there with

17、 _ last week.3、Would you like _ to eat4、Come here! I have _ important to tell you.5、 -Is _ here？ -Yes，all the students are here.答案：一、选择题1.B2.D3.B4.B5.C6.D7.A8.C二、用适当的复合不定代词填空。1.someone/somebody2.anyone3.something4.something5.everyone/everybody（2）on vacation的用法on vacation意为“在度假”，vacation是名词，意为“假期；休假”

18、，常与介词on连用，“on+名词”结构可表示“在某种活状态”，如：on duty（在值日） on sale（在出售） vacation, holiday都表示工作日以外的休息时间（但不包括周末或仅一天的休息 日），也指旅游度假；vacation多用于美式英语，holiday多用于英式英语。eg. My dad is on vacation in Beijing now.（3）visit的用法visited my uncle 看望了我叔叔 此处visit此处用作及物动词，其后接表示人的名词或代词时，意为“拜访;看望”;其后接表示地点的名词或代词时，意为“参观;游览”。eg.I visited m

19、y grandmother last week. 我上周看望了我（外）祖母Do you want to visit Shanghai. 你想参观上海吗。（3）few a few little a little修饰可数名词的复数汉 语修饰不可数名词汉 语表否定few不多;很少little不多;很少表肯定a few少数几个a little一点儿表肯定quite a few相当多;不少quite a little相当多，不少eg.I am new, and I have few friends in the city. 我是新来的，在城里我几乎没有朋友。There are a few picture

20、s in the book. 书中有几幅画。There is little time left. Hurry up! 剩下的时间不多了。快点！He put a little salt in the soup. 他在汤里放了一点盐。There is quite a little tea in the glass. 玻璃杯里有不少茶。Everyone in his class likes him. So he has quite a few friends.他班上每个人都喜欢他。所以他有不少朋友。（4）most of 的用法most of the time意为“大部分时间”, 其中most为代词，

21、意为“大部分;大多数”。eg. Most of the time Tom studies hard. 汤姆大部分时间学习都很努力。 most of 做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的数。eg. Most of them are going to the museum. 他们大多数人打算去博物馆。Most of the food goes bad. 大部分食物变质了。（5）not anything=nothingeg. Theres nothing interesting in the newspaper. 报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。=There isnt anything i

22、nteresting in the newspaper（6）感官系动词感官动词 look, sound, smell, taste和feel均可作连系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来”。除look之外，其他几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。eg. These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。These tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。（7）have a good time的用法have a good time意为“玩得开心；过得愉快”，后接动词形式为：“（in） do

23、ing sth”同义词组:have a great time=have fun=enjoy oneselfeg. I had a good time in London last week.上周我在伦敦过得很愉快。=I enjoyed myself in London last week.I had a good time (in) playing basketball last night.昨天晚上我打篮球打得很开心。（8）How do you likeHow do you like？ 意为“你认为怎么样”，与“How do you feel about?” 和 What do you th

24、ink of.?”同义。eg. How do you like the TV play? 你觉得这部电视剧怎么样？Its wonderful.很棒。（9）go+v-ing的用法go shopping意为“去购物，去买东西”, 同义短语为：do some shoppingeg. I went shopping and bought something for my parents.我去购物了，并给我父母买了东西。与go shopping类似的短语：go climbing 去爬山 go skating去滑冰 go hiking去远足 go sightseeing 去观光go camping去野营

25、go surfing去冲浪 go bike riding骑自行车旅行（10）反身代词单数汉语复数汉语第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourselves你们自己第三人称himself他自己themselves他们自己herself她自己她们自己itself它自己它们自己反身代词多用于动词或介词后做宾语；强调“某人自己”,反身代词应与自己的逻辑主语在人称和数上保持一致。e g. The child can dress himself. 这孩子能自己穿衣服了。I teach myself English. 我自学英语。I finished the

26、work by myself. 我一个人完成了这项工作。（11）but的用法but作转折连词以外，but还可用作介词，意为“除之外”。but前有实义动词do,does或did时，but后若接动词不定式应省略to；but前无实义动词do,does或did时,but后若接动词不定式应带to。e g. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 晚上除了看书没什么事可做的。l have no choice(选择) but to arrive late. 我除了迟到。我别无选择。What can you do but play games

27、? 你除了玩游戏还能做什么？（12）-ing形式和-ed形式形容词的用法-ed形式的形容词，一般用来形容人的感受，表示“感到的”，主语通常是人。-ing形式的形容词，一般用来形容事或物本身具有的性质,也可表示某物让人具有的某种感觉,表示“令人的”,主语通常是物。e g. Im interested in interesting people. 我对有趣的人感兴趣。They were excited about the exciting news. 他们对这个令人兴奋的消息很兴奋。Im bored with what he said. 我对他说的话厌烦极了。I find the story ve

28、ry boring 我发现这个故事很无聊。常见的-ed形式和-ing形式的形容词有：excited/excitinginterested/interestingrelaxed/relaxingsurprised/surprisingamazed/amazingfrightened/frightening惊吓（13）seem的用法1、“seem ( + to be) +名词/形容词”意为“看起来，好像”，说明主语的特征或状态，to be可省略，其中seem作连系动词，意为“好像;似乎；看起来”。e g. He seemed (to be) angry. 他似乎生气了He seems (to be

29、) quite happy.她好象十分快乐。Tom seems (to be ) a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。2、“主语+ seem + 不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。e g. The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西.The young man seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。3、“It seems + that从句”，其中it 是形式主语，that引导主语从句。e g. It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。B部分（14）arrive, get与reach的用法arrive（in/at）arrive为不及物动词，其后跟表示地点的副词here, there, home，abroad等 时，不需要加任何介词；其后跟地点名词时，则要加介词