1、重点介词用法归纳重点介词用法归纳1 at的用法:(1) 用于时刻前。如:at noon, at night, at sunrise(2) 用于钟点前。如:at one oclock, at a quarter past two(3) 用于固定搭配中。如:at Christmas, at New Year2 in的用法:(1) 用于某个较长的时间。如:世纪,年,季节,月份等。in the twenty-first century(2)用于泛指一天的上午/下午/晚上。in the morning/afternoon/evening(3)用于表示“从现在起,多长时间后或多久以后”的短语。They w
2、ill finish the work in an hour.3 on的用法:(1) 用于星期、日期(包括该天的各部分),如:on Sundays/weekdays, on Sunday morning(2) 用于具体某天或当天的上午,下午,晚上等。或上述名词有描绘性修饰语时。如:on September 1, on a cold morning, on the night of October 1, on his birthday(3) 用于公共节假日前。如:on Teachers Day, on Christmas Day4 to的用法:(1) 表示“到”、“向”、“往”,如:We wal
3、k to town.(2) 表示接受者,意为“给”,如:I gave the book to Mary.(3) 表示几点差几分,如:Its ten minutes to six.(4) 表示“直到”,如:She read the book from the beginning to the end.(5) 表示相对的位置,如:Japan is to the east of China.(6) 用于固定搭配中:to ones surprise, have to, get to5 by的用法:(1) 表示“乘”、“用”某种交通工具,如:by bus/car(2) 表示动作的执行者,意为“被”、“由
4、”,如:The window was repaired by him.(3) 表示时间,“到为止”,通常用于过去完成时,如:By the end of last term, we had learnt three thousand English words.(4) 表示“在附近”,如:The old man often walks by the river after supper.6 with的用法:(1) 表示并列关系,意为“和”、“和一起”,如:Can you come to play football with us?(2) 表示“带有”、“具有”,如:China is a larg
5、e country with a long history.I like tea with nothing in it.(3) 表示使用的工具、手段,意为“用”:如:He is writing with a pen.(4) 表示行为的对象,意为“对着”、“就来说”,如:Our English teacher is always strict with us. The boy is very pleased with his performance.His parents were angry with him because he did badly in the exam.(5) 表示随身携
6、带:It looks like rain. Youd better take a raincoat with you.7 without的用法:(1) without用以表示“没有”、“没有带(吃,穿,戴等)”。如:There is no rose without a thorn. 没有不带刺的玫瑰。世界上没有完美的事。She likes tea without sugar.(2) without用以表示“不(做) 没有(做) ”。如:She spoke without thinking.(3) without用以表示“(条件)若无、假如没有”。如:Without water we canno
7、t live.8 for的用法(1)(表示方向)往,向: They left Paris for London on February 6.(2)(表示所属)的:Here is a letter for you.(3)(表示时间、距离)计,达: I have waited at the bus stop for half an hour.(4)(说明目的或用途)为: The students are busy getting ready for Christmas Day. Chinese is quite a difficult language for me.(5)作为,当作:She ha
8、d bread and milk for breakfast.另外,for还可用作连词,表示“因为,由于”He went to bed, for he was very tired.易混介词辨析1. among & betweenamong表示“在三个或三个以上的人或物之间”;between表示“在两者之间”2. across & throughacross表示在物体表面上越过,有on的含义;through表示在物体里面穿过,有in的含义。go across the street, walk through the forestI saw the woman walk across the s
9、treet just now.The train has just run through the tunnel.火车刚刚穿过了隧道。3. above, on & over三者都能表示 “在之上”,on表示“与物体接触在上”,above表示“不与物体接触在上面”,over表示 “不接触垂直在上”。表示温度的“零度以上/以下”时,用above和below。My trousers are on the sofa. The plane flew above the clouds.The bridge is over the river.The temperature will stay above
10、/ below zero in the day time.4. 表示地理位置的三个介词in, on & toin表示A在B范围之内;on表示A和B的接壤关系;用to表示A和B的不接壤关系。例如:London is in England. Hubei is on the north of Hunan.Japan is to the east of China.5. after & behindafter表示时间上的“在之后”;behind表示位置上的“在之后”。After three hours, they arrived the airport.Your bag is behind the d
11、oor.They are all after me. 他们都在我之后。(表示先后关系)词组:one after another; fall behind6. before & in front ofbefore示时间上的“在之前”; in front of表示位置上的“在之前”。7. in front of & in the front of前者表示“在物体外部的前面”; 后者表示“在物体内部的前面”。8. below & under below只表示位置低于或在下方,反义词是above ( the fields below the plane);under表示在垂直的下方,反义词是over9
12、. besides & except besides表示“除外,还有”,包含besides后的宾语;except表示“除外”,不包含其后的宾语。10. at, in & on表示位置关系的区别at表示某一点的位置。如:at the bus stop, at the airport(小地点)in表示三维空间内的位置。如:in the roomon表示一条线上的位置。如:on the way home, on the left / right11. beside, by 和nearbeside和by表示偶然,无意的“接近”,常可换用:The Turners are sitting beside /
13、by the table.by还常用于lake, river & sea等词前;当表示动态的经过附近时,只可用by:The train passed by the village. by the river /by the sea / by the lakenear在附近,没有beside & by那么接近: I live near my school.12. for & sincefor 表示动作持续了一段时间,for + 一段时间,既可以用于过去时,也可用于将来时和现在完成时。since表示持续至说话时刻的动作或情况开始于某一时间,因此,since后面的宾语是一个点时间,而不能是一段时间,它一般要和现在完成时态连用。She has worked at the factory for 20 years.Mr Wang has taught at this school since 2001.THANKS !致力为企业和个人提供合同协议,策划案计划书,学习课件等等打造全网一站式需求欢迎您的下载,资料仅供参考
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