托福100句长难句.docx

1、托福100句长难句1.Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earths surface，the deepocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space(定语后置in some ways)由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一个

2、充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earths surface 原因状语the deepocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans 主句in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space 后置定语，修饰a hostile environment to huma

3、ns整个句子结构是：原因状语+主句+后置定语这是一个主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是不是复合句。句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。2.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the countrys impressive population growth(倒装结构Basic to any understandingis)要理解二战之后20年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。该句的正常语序是The countrys impressiv

4、e population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.3.As a result，claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely pub

5、licized and form the basis for folklore(同位语从句claims that)本句的主句结构是claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore. 那些观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。同位语从句是that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health：只食用绿色食品就

6、能防治疾病或增进健康本句的机构是主句内部嵌套一个同位语从句，结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。4.There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs，that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains an

7、d the like(并列同位语从句reports that，that，that)关于天然维生素优于人造维生素，受精蛋比未受精蛋的营养价值更高，未经熏蒸消毒处理的谷物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜，但都没有得到证实。5The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North，though less spectacularly(同位语从句fact that)南方极为严重的困境使北方同样需要开始重建(尽管不像南方那么引人注目)这

8、一事实显得不太重要。6The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl (宾语从句what we now know as)现在可以获得这些环绕几乎每个大城市边缘地区的土地，这一可能性激发了一场房地产开发的热潮并造成了我们现在称为城区无计划扩展的现象。7.But these factors do not acc

9、ount for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth(of结构作定语：of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs)但这些因素并不能解释这个有趣的问题：为何在一个特定的地点会如此集中地出现即将临产的怀孕鱼龙群。8.Amid r

10、umors that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt 80 by 50 miles in extent，the two captains set out(同位语从句rumors that)当时有一些传言，说有史前的猛犸在这一陌生的区域活动，而且在这一区域的某个地方有一座巨大的盐石山，其面积达80英里长50英里宽。就在这些传言中，两位上尉出发了。9. In the seven

11、teenth century the organ, the clavichord，and the harpsichord became the chief instruments of the keyboard group，a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century(同位语a supremacy)17世纪时，管风琴，敲弦琴和拨弦琴成为键盘类乐器的主要成员，这种至高无上的地位一直由它们保持，直到18世纪末被钢琴所取代。10A series of m

12、echanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality，finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmoni

13、es to an almost orchestral fullness of sound，from a liquid，singing tone to a sharp, percussive brilliance(介词结构fromto作定语)持续到19世纪的一系列机械上的改进，包括引入踏板以维持音调或使其柔和，改善金架，以及使用最佳牲能的钢丝，最终产生了一种具备无数音调效果的乐器这些效果涵盖了从最精致的和声到几乎全部的管弦乐音响，从明快流畅的吟唱音调到尖锐的打击乐器的恢弘气氛。11The largest, later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the

14、Spanish, rose in five terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more(虚拟语气)最大的一座后来被西班牙人称为Pueblo Bonito(美丽的城镇)，是一个五层梯式楼，有800多问房子，能够容纳1 000人以上。12Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，the film has never been，in

15、the full sense of the word, silent(倒装accustomed though we are=though we are accustomed)虽然我们习惯于将1927年以前的电影叫做“无声电影”，但是就“无声这个词的完整意义上说，电影从未真正的无声过。13.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra，and very often

16、the principal qualification for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces(特殊结构notSO much as与其说不如说)在好些年内，为各部影片选择配乐的权力完全掌握在乐队指挥或队长手中，而通常担任这种职位的资格与其说是技巧或鉴赏品位，不如说是个人拥有音乐作品的丰富收藏。14Coincident with concerns about the accelerating l

17、oss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity，the number of species in a particular ecosystem，to the health of the Earth and human well-being(倒装coincident with concernshas been=has been coincident with concerns)在对物种和动物栖息地加速消失表示关注的同时，人们也越来越认识到生物

18、多样化，即一个特定生态系统中物种的数量对地球的健康以及人类幸福的重要性。15.The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the worlds rain forests does not seem surprising，considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species (同位语从句fact that；定语从句that comprise the bulk)考虑到组成大部分物种的昆虫的巨大数量，认为半数的已知物种

19、栖息在世界的雨林中这一事实看起来并不令人吃惊。16.To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea，it helps to think small (特殊结构it helps to做有帮助) 要充分认识海洋生命的多样性和丰富性，从小的角度思考有帮助。1 7.Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks，but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more tha

20、n a pile of bricks can be called a house(特殊结构not any more than像一样不)科学建立在事实上，就像房子用砖砌成一样。但收集的事实不能被叫做科学，就像一堆砖不能被称为房子一样。18.The variation between the hemispheres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities(从句which sideis used作corresponds to的宾语两个半球之间的不同与身体的哪一部分用于进行特定的活动是对应

21、的。19.In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction(特殊结构characte

22、rized by以为特征)尽管处于一个以抛弃大量现实主义传统(以作家约翰巴思、唐纳德巴塞尔姆和托马斯品钦为代表)为特征的时代，乔伊斯卡罗尔欧茨因为坚持自己小说本质上模仿的特点，有时候看起来是一个坚定的守旧派。20If it were not for this faculty，they would devour all the food available in short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence(虚拟语气)如果不是具有这种能力，它们就会在短时间内吞掉所有能得到的食物，而且很可能会因饿死而灭绝。21In

23、dividualism is weakly developed in folk cultures，as are social classes(倒装as are social classes) 个人主义和社会阶层在民间文化群体中的发展十分薄弱。22People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nations economy would bring social chaos(同位语从句prospect that)1

24、9世纪的美国人因为害怕国家经济中史无前例的变化会带来社会混乱这一前景而提心吊胆。23Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nations labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits(倒装Accompanying that growth was a structural

25、 change that=A structural changewas accompanying that growth)伴随着这一增长的是一个结构变化，它以经济的不断多样化和国家劳动力从农业到制造业和其他非农业职业的逐渐转化为特征。24As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home(倒装so did)随着男人和女人在社会中扮演的角色被限定的更加严格，他们在家中的角色也是如此。25. Surrounding the

26、 column are three sepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes.(sepal花萼，萼片petal花瓣）（倒装Surrounding the column are.)围绕着蕊住的是三个萼片和三个花瓣，有时候很容易辨认出来，但经常被扭成华丽、奇特但总是有用的形状。26. With the growing prosperity brought on by the Sec

27、ond Word War and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression.（倒装than had their predecessors 比较结构的第二部分）随着二战带来的持续繁荣以及随之而来的经济增长，年轻人比大萧条中的同龄人结婚成家更早，而且养育的家庭比他们的前辈更大。 27. Th

28、e railroad could be and was a despoiler of nature; furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise, it might be a despoiler of human nature as well. （despoiler掠夺者manifestation表现，表明）（关联结构could be and was)铁路可以，事实上也是自然的掠夺者；而且，在其速度和噪音的表现上也可能是人性的掠夺者。28. In the railroads prime years, between 1890 and

29、 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading-works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. （prime黄金时期railroading铁路建设和经营locomotive cab机车，火车头）（同位语most of t

30、hem;定语从句who made a profession of writing）在1890年到1920年间铁路的黄金时期，美国有几个人（他们大多有丰富的铁路经验）以写铁路题材为职业-作品围绕车站、停车场和机车。29. On the other hand, when it comes to substantive-particularly behavioral-information, crows are less well known than many comparably common species and, for that matter, not a few quite uncom

31、mon ones: the endangered California condor, to cite one obvious example.（condor秃鹫） （特殊结构for that matter）在另一方面，当涉及实质性的，特别是行为方面的信息时，乌鸦就不如许多比较而言很普通的鸟类那样为人所知；而且，也不如许多很不寻常的鸟类，举一个明显的例子，如像濒危的加利福尼亚大秃鹫那样为人所知。30. Keen observers and quick learners, they are astute about the intentions of other creatures, inclu

32、ding researchers, and adept at avoiding them.（keen敏锐的astute精明的，敏锐的）（并列同位语keen observers and quick learners）乌鸦是敏锐的观察家和快捷的学习者，它们对其他生物（包括研究人员）的意图感觉非常敏锐，并且善于多开它们。31. These researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history, providing fresh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might not otherwise be so well