在垂直方向上眼睛功能状态的研究方法汇编.docx

1、在垂直方向上眼睛功能状态的研究方法汇编在垂直方向上眼睛功能状态研究方法61名中国人在平面书桌环境下不同读写行为发生时眼睛功能状态初步研究报告河南省原阳县医学会口腔诊所 胡建庄 453500 hujianzhuang关键词：读写环境，眼位角，空间眼位角（体位角），空间综合眼位角（注视角、视线角），视距， 摘要：对象：受试者61名，包括学生和成人。方法：首先规定零眼位和零体位体表标志和标志线.规定外眦角点为眼球旋转中心和光学结点的体表标志，在双眼平视前方时调整头位，水平线经过外眦角点和耳廓三角窝最上点,此水平线为第一眼位的体表标志线。在一定的平面书桌、椅子条件下，根据受试者的身高按照学校课桌椅功能

2、尺寸标准（GB/T 3976-2002）确定椅子和书桌的高度，使用同一设计的测试页，拍摄受试者各种读写行为的左侧面照片，在照片上确定和测量的点、线、角，获得研究数据。Spss10统计分析。结果：1、读写各项行为之间均数统计分析结果：手握、平放测试页读各项数据之间均有差别（p0.05）其它数据之间均有差别（p0.01，p0.05）.2、读写综合均数统计分析结果：眼位角：平放测试页读与手握测试页读、写字、画图、测量图之间有明显差别（P0.05）；体位角：各项数据之间均有明显差别（P0.05）均有差别（p0.05，p0.01，P0.05），其他各项数据之间均有差别（p0.05，p0.01，P0.00

3、1）。3、成人与学生读写综合均数统计分析结果：写字时眼位角、视距成人大于学生（p0.05，P0.001）、体位角学生大于成人有差别（p0.05），绘图、测量图体位角学生大于成人有差别（p0.05，p0.05）。结论：1、本研究提供了一种非接触情况下研究学生读写行为发生时眼睛及身体功能状态的方法。2、眼球的读写功能范围是基本稳定的，均数接近25度（24.84）。3、字的空间位置是决定读写行为各项数据的重要原因，字（图）的性质也与读写行为各项数据形成有关。平面书桌是决定字的空间位置的最重要因素。4、要求体位角大的读写行为视距相应减小。5、成人与学生在同一环境读写行为是基本一致的，其差别与学生的读写

4、习惯及成人的眼睛功能需要有关。The research method of eye functions in the vertical directionThe preliminary result study of 61 the Chinese eye function in different reading and writing behaviors in a flat desk environmentHU JianzhuangE-mail:hujianzhuangThe Ddental clinic of the Medical Association of Yuanyang coun

5、try ,Henan, ChinaKeywords:The reading or writing behaviour；The eye position angle；The body position angle；The watching angle；The sight distance；The reading or writing environmentsAbstractOBJECTIVE: The 61 participants, including students and adults.METHODS: Stipulations：Surface marks of zero eye pos

6、ition and zero position of the body are the point of lateral canthus corner and the most up point of the one side triangular fossa of auricle.The horizontal line through the up points and is provided as the surface mark of the first position of eyes.The point specified of the lateral canthus corner

7、is the body surface mark of the rotation center and of the optical node of the eyes.Under the condition of the same desk and chair, according to the GB/T 3976-2002 to determine the height of the chair and desk, using the same test page designed, took photos of the left side of the subjects as readin

8、g or writing, in the photo identifying and measuring the points and lines and angles, access to the research data. Statistical analysis:spss10 .RESULTS: 1, The mean of statistical analysis results of all the behavior of reading or writing : Handing, flatting test page to read all the data between ha

9、ve differences (p 0.05) is difference between the other data (p 0.01, p 0.05). 2、The comprehensive mean of reading or writing statistical analysis results: The eye position angle(EPA) :Between the datum of flatting test page reading with the data of other behaviour have obvious differences (p 0.05).

10、The spacial eye position angle SEPA position angle(PA): Between the various data have obvious difference (P 0.05) there are differences (p 0.05, p 0.01, p 0.05), there are differences between the data of other items (p 0.05, p 0.01, p 0.001). 3,The comprehensive mean statistical analysis results bet

11、ween the adults and the students to read and write : writing: By the data of the EPA or the SD the adults is greater than the students(p 0.05, p 0.001) and the students PA are greater than the adults (p 0.05).The data of drawing and measuring figure: The PA of the students are greater than the adult

12、s (p 0.05, p 0.05). CONCLUTIONS: 1.This study provides a method of studying the eyes functional status of 61Chiness in a non contact case in the vertical direction when reading or writing behavior occurring.2,The function scope of eyeballs as reading and writing is basically stable, the mean is clos

13、e to 25 degrees (24.84 ) 3, The space position of the words is one of the important reasons to decide various data of the eye functions with reading or writing behaviors take placing. The nature of the word (figure) is also related to the data.4, When the PA increases with the SD decreases during re

14、ading or writing behaviors. 5, As adults and students in the same environment, reading and writing behavior is almost the same , its difference lie with the habits of students reading and writing and the need of adults eyes function . 在眼科视光学中和眼生理学中，水平方向上眼睛的功能状态研究较多，例如眼睛的集合功能，而在垂直方向上眼睛的功能状态研究较少。但是，在实

15、际生活中，需要了解眼睛在垂直方向上的功能状态，譬如：目前公认的学生近视的主要环境因素是在读写时长期近距离用眼12，这就需要了解学生读写时的眼睛除了集合以外的其它功能状态，分析眼睛功能状态与环境因素的关系。本文通过61名中国人在平面书桌环境下不同读写行为发生时眼睛功能状态的研究方法及结果来说明在垂直方向上研究眼睛功能状态的方法。In the visual optics and physiology of ophthalmology, the research of the eye function state in the horizontal direction is more then it

16、 in the vertical direction . Such as convergence.However, in real life, it is need to understand the functional state of the eyes in the vertical direction ,such as: the mainly environmental factors currently recognized of students myopia is close work in a long-term reading or writing 12. Except co

17、nvergence ,other functional state of eyes requires an understanding , the analysis of the relationship between functional status and environmental factors is need.The research methods and results of the functional state of eyes in the vertical direction is obtained by studding the 61 Chinese reading

18、 and writing behaviors in varies forms on the flat desk environment .1、对象和方法11、对象：随机选取在河南省原阳县医学会口腔诊所就诊的口腔病人、家属及本所的医生共计61人作为受试者。其中非学生（成人）19人，学生42人，男性27人，女性34人；年龄在748岁之间，平均年龄19.7岁。其中学生的组成为：小学生 17名，初中生13人，高中生11人，大学生1人。12、方法：通过一定条件下测量受试者读写行为侧面照获得研究数据。121、零眼位零体位确定方法：规定一侧眼外眦角点（上下睑皮肤在外眦后外侧的连接点，以下简称外眦点）与同侧耳

19、廓三角窝的最上点的连线与地平面平行时的第一眼位为零眼位，此时的体位为零体位，该连线代表零眼位（零体位）时视轴、光轴在体表的标志线（图1，2）。1.OBJECTS AND METHODS1 .1.Objects、The 61 objects randomly is selected as patients and family members and the doctors in the dental clinic of medical association of Yuanyang County Henan province,including adults19 and students 42

20、 , males 27, females 34;between 7 - 48 years old, the average age is 19.7 years old. The students are composed of elementary school students17, junior high school students 13, high school students 11 , university students1.1.2.Methods under certain conditions,the research data is obtained by measuri

21、ng the photos of the left side of the subjects reading or writing behaviors .1 .2 .1.the method determining zero eye position (ZEP)and zero body position (ZBP): The first eye position stipulated by the line which passing through the point of the lateral canthus angular (PLCA)The junction point of up

22、per and lower eyelid skin laying in outer canthus posterolateral,hereinafter referred to as:canthus point(CP) of one eye with the up points of triangular fossa of the auricle (UPTFA)in the same sides and paralleling to the horizontal plane is the ZEP, the body position is the zero position.The line

23、represents the surface mark line of the visual axis and optical axis as eye in ZEP (ZBP) (Figure 1, 2).122、眼球旋转中心和光学结点的确定：规定眼球旋转中心与光学结点为一个点，外眦角点为其在体表的标志点。1.2.2.Determining the eyeball rotation center and the optical node: The eyeball rotation center and the optical node as one point is stipulated,th

24、e CP is the ipsilateral surface landmarks of the stipulated point .123、测试页的设计和读写行为项目：设计一种能够确定读写位置的测试页（图3），该测试页的页头采用“智能测试”式样，宋体4号黑体字，读的字有3行，每行10个不相干的词组，上行与中行之间间距是88mm，中行与下行之间是121mm。读书：读书分为手握测试表和把测试表放置在书桌平面上阅读两种情况，上中下三行词在两种情况下分别读一遍，分为六种测试指标；写字：分为写字和绘图，写字为3个测试项目，即测试页的上、中、下分别填写：姓名、住址、爱好三种情况。绘图分为2个测试项目，在

25、上下两个空格里分别画出一个30度角和一个40度角。测量图：使用量角器来测量所绘的两个图。一共13个读写行为项目。1.2.3.The reading and writing test page designed and behavior projects: 1.2.3.1.The reading and writing test page :A test page to determine the positions of a word reading or writing is designed (Figure 3).The intelligence test style is used in

26、 the test page header ,the words in the page are the Boldface Arial No. 4.The reading words are divided into 3 rows .10 unrelated phrases is in each row . The spacing between the up row and the middle row is 88mm,between the middle row and the down row is 121mm. 1.2.3.2.Behavior projects: Reading :T

27、he words in every rows were read in the two forms holding the test page and the test page placed on the desk , they are divided into six test indicators. writing:Writing is divided into two cases:writing words and drawing ,writing is divided into 3 test items: fill in the name(up row), address (midd

28、le row), hobby (lower row)in the test page. The drawing is divided into 2 test items:A 30 degree angle and a 40 degree angle were painted in the upper blank and lower blank . Measuring pictures: measuring the two painted drawings. All reading and writing behaviors is13 projects.124、测试用书桌椅子：为市售书桌椅子，符

29、合中国学校课桌椅功能尺寸标准（GB/T 3976-2002）4，高度调整非常方便,书桌的桌面尺寸为65cm45cm；高度调节范围：书桌为5276cm，椅子为3042cm。1.2.4.Desk and chair:The desk and chair used in the test conforming to the Chinese Standard Functional sizes of chairs and desks for educational institutions (GB/T 3976-2002) 4was purchased in the market, their heig

30、ht is very convenient to adjust. The desk top size is 65cm * 45cm ; the height adjustment range: the desk is between 52 - 76cm, the chair Is between 30 -42cm . 125、受试者使用书桌椅子高度确定方法：根据学校课桌椅功能尺寸（GB/T 3976-2002）规定标准和受试者的身高确定书桌椅子的高度。1.2.5. The determining method of desk and chair height : As the Functional sizes of