高考英语Unit 3 Inventors and inventions知识梳理考点突破12页.docx

1、高考英语Unit 3 Inventors and inventions知识梳理考点突破12页Unit 3Inventors and inventions(对应学生用书第206页)单词拼写应用.考纲单词会拼写、要识记1distinguish vi.&vt. 显示的差别； 使有所不同；辨别2seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺3file n. 文件；档案；文件夹 vt. 提交；将归档4dial vt. 拨(电话)5bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担6tap vt.&vi. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n. 轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头7stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的8patent n. 专利证

2、书；专利权9stainless adj. 无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的10passive adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的11criterion n. (评判的)标准；尺度12valid adj. 有效的；确凿的13ripe adj. 熟的；成熟的14dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的15current n. (水或气)流；电流 adj. 现在的；当前的16version n. 版本；译本17competence n. 能力；胜任；本领.派生单词能辨别1mercy n宽大；仁慈merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的merciless adj.残忍的；无情的

3、2abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地3convenience n便利；方便convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的inconvenient adj.不方便的；引起麻烦的4caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地5expect vt.&vi.预料；期待；期望；认为expectation n预料；期待；期望6merry adj.愉快的；高兴的merrily adv.高兴地；愉快地7freeze v冰冻frozen adj.冻结的freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的8in

4、nocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n天真；清白9associate vt.联想；联系 n同伴；伙伴association n协会；社团；联合；联想10practise n&v.练习；实习practical adj.实际的；实践的.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1Tom was angry at her abrupt manner，so he left abruptly(abrupt)2We had expected that he wouldnt come to our party，but his sudden appearance was beyond ou

5、r expectationHe made our party full of laughter as expected(expect)3In this freezing weather，two men were frozen to death on the mountain.(freeze)4He is a cautious man and is always doing things with cautionYou should get on with him cautiously(caution)拓展联想 后缀ive形容词集锦active主动的 negative消极的passive被动的

6、subjective主观的positive积极的 expensive昂贵的表示“抓住”的相关词语一览catch vt.抓住；接住 catch hold of抓住grasp vt.抓住；掌握 get hold of抓住短语多维应用.短语回顾会默写1call_up 给打电话2now_and_then 偶尔；有时3set_about 开始；着手4dive_into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入5set_out_(to_do) 开始(做)6hang_on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7out_of_order 次序颠倒；发生故障8get_through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9ring_b

7、ack 回复电话10ring_off 挂断电话.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)1Having made up his mind, he set_about carrying out the plan.2If you hang_on for a while, I will go and see if I can find your mother.3The thief dived his hand into my handbag and robbed the wallet and ran away.4I checked the files and some of the papers we

8、re out_of_orderYou had better sort them out.5The girl goes to visit her English teacher now_and_then who retired from school last year.6We were very glad when we heard that you had got_through your exam.拓展联想“有时”词汇全接触now and again 不时；时而from time to time 不时occasionally adv. 偶然地；不时地“v.into”结构的短语荟萃run i

9、nto撞上 look into调查knock into撞上 break into破门而入burst into突然闯入句式结构仿写教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.祈使句and陈述句Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.1.尽力和你的孩子成为朋友，这样你会真正地知道他们在想什么。Try_to_be_friends with your children，and_you_will_really_k

10、now what they are thinking about.2.so.that.引导的结果状语从句The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.2.这次会议是如此之重要，以至于我们每一个人都得出席。This meeting is so_important_that every one of us should attend it.3.only状语位于句首，主句要部分倒装Only after you have had that rec

11、ognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.3.只有当他离开家时他才意识到他的家是多么的好。Only_when_he_was_away_from_home_did_he_realize how nice home was.(对应学生用书第207页)精讲4个考纲单词 distinguish vi.&vt.辨别；显示的差别；使有所不同教材原句Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snak

12、es but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓到而又不会伤害到它们。(1)distinguish between A and B区分A和Bdistinguish.from. 把与区分开来distinguish oneself (as.) (作为)而出名(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for. 因而出名be distinguished as . 作为而闻名Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also

13、teach us to distinguish between right and wrong.阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished_herself_as a great volleyball coach in the world.众所周知，郎平作为优秀的排球教练在世界上已享有盛名。Honestly speaking，I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements.诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。 链接写作

14、中华民族以勤奋勇敢而出名。(普通表达)The Chinese nation is famous for its diligence and courage.(高级表达)The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage. convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的高考佳句If its convenient for you，lets meet at 8：30 outside the school gate.(2016年全国卷)如果你方便的话，我们8点半在学校门口见面。(1)It is convenient

15、for sb.to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是方便的be convenient to. 对方便(2)convenience n. 方便，便利；适宜at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候Would it be convenient for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport?4点来接我把我送到机场你方便吗？Ill call in two weeks to arrange a meeting at your convenience.我会在两周后再打电话，把会议安排在您方便的时候。 bear

16、 vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；生育经典例句Bearing a heavy burden，she has to work hard to bring up her children.肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。(1)cant bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事cant bear sb./sb.s doing/to do sth. 不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear a heavy burden 肩负重担bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备(3)bear/keep sth.in mind 记住bear/keep in mind that

17、. 记住Everyone should bear the responsibility of protecting the environment.每个人都应该承担保护环境的责任。I cant bear young people casting/to_cast (cast) away their youth.我无法忍受年轻人虚掷青春。 链接写作妈妈经常提醒我要记住“失败乃成功之母”。(普通表达)My mother often reminds me to remember that failure is the mother of success.(高级表达)My mother often re

18、minds me to bear_in_mind that failure is the mother of success. associate vt.联想；联系经典例句I feel honored to have the chance to live，work and associate with them.我觉得很荣幸有机会和他们一起生活、工作和相处。(1)associate.with. 把和联系在一起be associated with. 和有关associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交道(2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in associat

19、ion with. 与合伙/合作There are many serious health problems which are associated with smoking.有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。We are working in association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless.我们与一家当地公司联合工作为无家可归的人筹钱。诠释2个核心短语 call up 给打电话；使回忆起教材原句When I called up my mother in the countryside

20、on the telephone she was very upset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。call at 拜访(某个地点)call off 取消；停止call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召call for 需求；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀请；请来；叫来帮忙Their travel plan was called_off because of the bad weather.因为天气不好，他们的旅行计划取消了。Mr.White was to call_at my house after he finished his speech.怀特先生演讲完之后，

21、要去拜访我家。I will call_for you at 8 oclock at the school gate.我8点钟在学校门口接你。 get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；渡过(难关)；用完；耗尽一词多义写出下列句中get through的含义I managed to get through the hard work and the pain was worth it in the end.设法做完I couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and th

22、en.打通电话Luckily，he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通过The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用光get across 被理解；使人了解get away with 被放过；逃脱惩罚get down to sth. 着手认真做某事get over 克服get on 进展；进步get in 收获We will be able to get_over all kinds of

23、 challenges if we can stick to our dreams and never give up.如果我们能坚持我们的梦想，从不放弃梦想，我们就能克服各种各样的挑战。 链接写作 他们期待我能帮助他们，而且希望能成功地通过考试。(普通表达)They are looking forward to my helping them and they hope to pass the exam successfully.(高级表达)They are looking forward to my giving_a_hand_to them and they hope to get_th

24、rough the exam successfully.突破1个高考句型(教材P25)Follow_it_up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占用你的大脑。本句句式结构为：祈使句and陈述句。(1)祈使句and陈述句If.，主句(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句If.not.，主句(3)名词词组and陈述句Work hard

25、，and you will pass the exam.努力学习，你会考试及格的。Work hard，or you will fail in your exams.努力学习，否则你会不及格的。One more hour，and we will do the job better.再给我们一个小时，我们会把工作做得更好。 链接写作参加这次活动，你就能和更多人分享你的图片。Take_part_in_the_activity and you will share your photos with more people.(祈使句)If_you_take_part_in_the_activity，yo

26、u will share your photos with more people.(条件状语从句)Taking_part_in_the_activity，you will share your photos with more people.(分词作状语)多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型(对应学生用书第209页).单句语法填空1Hes too young to_distinguish(distinguish)right from wrong，so he needs your guidance.2In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely

27、and seizing(seize) opportunities can one succeed.3Those always associating(associate)money with happiness may never feel happy，for they are never content.4When the ice is heated above freezing(freeze)point，it begins to change into a liquid state.5Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical(pract

28、ice). I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.6Your letter called me up the days we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.7Read this story，and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.8When you come to school, please visit my office at your convenience(c

29、onvenient).单句改错1Distinguishing for its diligence and courage, the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention from the world.DistinguishingDistinguished2The new government must set out finding solutions to the countrys economic problems.outabout3It is so cold and frozen that we have to stay at home.f

30、rozenfreezing4We could hear a woman was singing merry in the next room.merrymerrily5Can you tell me how to make myself understand better in my broken English？understandunderstood(对应学生用书第210页).课文语法填空根据P2021课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When the writer called up her mother in the countryside on the phone，she 1._(learn)that snakes came near their house and that the snakes seemed to have made their home near their house.2._