大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习英文.docx

1、大一希腊罗马神话期末复习英文大一希腊罗马神话期末复习(英文)希腊罗马神话复习一单选（课文）10分二判断（课文）10分三表格（默写）20分GreekRomanRole in MythologyAphroditeVenusGoddess of beauty, sexual desire. (RM: goddess of gardens and fields .)ApolloApolloGod of prophecy,medicine and archery(late Greek/RM:god of sun)AresMarsGod of warArtemisDianaGoddess of the h

2、unt(late Greek/RM:goddess of moon)AsclepiusAesculapiusGod of medicineAthenaMinervaGoddess of arts and crafts and war;helper of heroes(late Greek/Rm: goddess of wisdom)CronusSarturnGod of the sky;ruler of the Titans(RM:goddess of agriculture)DemeterCeresGoddess of grainDionysusBacchusGod of wine and

3、vegetationErosCupidGod of loveGaeaTellusMother EarthHadesPlutoGod of the underworld; lord of the deadHephaestusVulcanGod of fire; blacksmith of the godsHeraJunoGoddess of marriage and childbirth;protector of married women; queen of the godsHermesMercuryMessengers of the gods; protector of travelers,

4、 thieves, and merchantsHestiaVestaGuardian of the homePoseidonNeptuneGod of the sea and earthquakesRheaOpsWife of Cronus/Sarturn; Mother GoddessUranusUranusGod of the sky; father of the TitansZeusJupiterRuler of the gods四名词解释（课后）20分C11.delphic: It relates to Delphi.It means ambiguous.2.Olypian: It r

5、elates to Olympian Gods.It means that some one is like a god,especially by being calm and not concerned about ordinary things.3.martial: It relates to Mars.It means something connected with war and fighting.4.nemesis: It relates to Nemesis.It means a punishment that is deserved and cannot be avoided

6、.5.titanic:I t relates to Titans.It means something big ,strong and powerful.C21.Junoesque:It relates to Juno.It means someone is elegant and beautiful like Juno.2.Argus-eyed:It relates to Argus.It means someone is watchful and alert.3.satyr/satyriasis:It relates to Satyr.It means someone that has a

7、n abnormally intense sexual desire in men.4.mercurial:It relates to Mercury.It means having feelings that change suddenly and without warning.C41.chaotic:It relates to Chaos.It means messy and disorder.2.Pandoras box:It relates to Pandora. It means the root of troubles.3.Promethean:It relates to Pro

8、metheus.It means a person who resembles Prometheus.C61.Dionysiac:It relates to Dionysus.It means Sensuality, debauchery, and revelry.C71.Midas/asss ears:It relates to Midas.It means A secret that cannot be hid.It also menas someone is shallow and uninformed.2.Midas/the golden touch:It relates to Mid

9、as.It means touching a stone and turning it into gold.3.cut the Gordian knot:It relates to Alexander.It means solving a complex problem with a bold strike.C81.cereal:It relates to Ceres.It means grains.2.aureole:It relates to Aurora.It means a bright circle of light.C91.Charons boat/ferry:It relates

10、 to Charon.It means some one is going to die.2.cross the Styx:It means some one is going to die.C121.gain/reap/win（ones）laurels: It relates to Daphne. It means gaining ones honors.2.Look to ones laurels:It relates to Daphne.It means to work hard in order not to lose the achievement.3.rest/repose/ret

11、ire/sit(back)on ones laurels: It relates to Daphne.It means to satisfy with what you have achieved and stop trying.4.a Noble/poet laureate:It relates to Daphne.It means to be a noble price winner.C131.cupidity: It relates to Cupid.It means a very strong desire for something.2.erotic:It relates to Er

12、os.It means sexual excitement.C141.Aphrodites girdle:It relates to Aphrodite.It means unlimited female sexuality.2.adonis:It relates to Adonis.It means some one is a handsome young man.C161.Narcissism:It relates to Narcissus.It means the habit of always thinking about yourself and admiring yourself.

13、C171.Pygmalion effect:It relates to Pygmalion. It is a phenomenon in which the greater the expectation placed upon people ,the better they perform.C181.atlantean:It relates to Atalanta. It means strong ,powerful and gigantic.2.Mount ones Pegasus: It relates to Pegasus.It means to write a poem.3.a ch

14、imera in ones brain: It relates to Perseus.It means the fantasy in ones mind.C201.the choice of Heracles: It relates to Heracles.It means some one is in a dilemma.2.Cleanse the Augean Stable:It relates to Augeas.It means to remove something totally.3.Herculean effort:It relates to Hercules.It means

15、great effort.C211.sow dragons teeth: It means to provoke war by spreading dispute;or cultivate warriors or monster.2.a Cadmean/Pyrrhic victory:It relates to Cadmus.It means a victory that comes at a great cost.C221.sphinx riddle:It relates to Sphinx.It means a puzzle which is very difficult to solve

16、.C241.the apple of discord: It means the root of the trouble and any subject of possible of contention or disagreement.2.Achillesheel:It relates to Achilles.It means a weak point in something that is otherwise perfect.3.hector: It relates to Hector.It means to intimidateordominateinablusteringway.4.

17、Achilles and Patroclus:It relates to Achilles and Patroclus.It means male friendship, a heroic friendship.5.Fight like a Trojan:It means to fight with great determination.6.Sulky like Achilles in his tent: It relates to Achilles.It means sulky.7.a Trojan horse:It means the hidden danger.8.Myrmidon:

18、It means a faithful follower who carries out orders without question.9.Helen of Trojan:It relates to Helen.It means the root of war; a beauty who ruins her country;a terrible disaster brought by somebody or something you like best.10.Greek gift:It means a gift with evil purpose of the enemy; a gift

19、to murder.五简答题 20分C11.What did the ancient Greeks know about their world?The Greeks believed the earth to be flat and circular,their own country occupying the middle of it,the central point being either Mount Olympus,The earth is divided into two equal parts by the Sea.Around the earth flowed the Ri

20、ver Ocean.2.To which place were mortals favored by the gods taken when they died?The Aethiopians.3.How did Zeus divide the rule of the world with his brother?Zeuss portion was the heavens,Poseidons the ocean and Hadess the realms of the dead.4.How was Venus married off to Vulcan?Jupiter gave her to

21、Vulcan, in gratitude for the service he had rendered in forging thunderbolts.5.How did the Fates mete out human destiny?The three goddesses were assigned distinct task:Clotho spun the “thread” of human fate,Lachesis dispensed it and Atropos cut it.C21.What was Zeus usual way of hiding his scandals?2

22、.He raised a cloud to hide some of his doings that would not bear the light and He turned the girl into an animal.3.How did the musical instrument “panpipe” come into being?4.Pan fell in love with A nymph called Syrinx,who was a faithful worshipper of Artemis.He chased her to the bank of river .With

23、 the water nymphs help,Syrinx was turned into reeds.Pan was so sad and he made an instrument with the reeds,which called Syrinx.And that is the panpipe.5.How can you account for Zeuss promiscuity?6.The promiscuity of Zeus serves more than entertaining purposes.It is out of political purpose.Men have

24、 a powerful ability to reproduce in order to reproduce more offspring, . For most of the people in the world flows his blood, is one of the methods can have more faithful follows.And the number of the faithful follows decide whether his regime is firm.C41.What was the direct cause of Prometheus obta

25、ining fire for man?2.When Epimetheus created man ,he had nothing left for him.3.What attitude toward women is shown through the story of Pandora?The story shows the ancient Greeks thought women were inferior and affiliated to men,and they were the root evil and trouble.4.Which age of man applies to

26、our own age?Please elaborate.I think we are in the Iron Age.People work day and night and mans character is more complex,though mixed with kindness, but more evil.Human wants to rule everything.People no longer trust each other.Married people do not love each other.Vows are regarded as dust.Kindness

27、 and justice are no longer seen as the norm of conduct, but merely violence.5.How is the first woman often described as a “lovely evil”How does she compare with Eve in the Book of Genesis6.Pandora is described as a “lovely evil” because she was the most beautiful and sweetest woman,but she opened bo

28、x and made many evil things free.Both Pandora and Eve are beauties.They are also described as the root of troubles to take the blame for the male society.But they were created out of different purpose.Pandora was created as the cost of Prometheus stealing the fire for man.She symbolizes a great temp

29、tation and human misery.Eve is inferior and affiliated to the man and just like a slave and she was created to help man.7.Why did Zeus try to withhold fire from human beings? Because fire is a symbol for technology and civilization. Abasicdistinctioninmythbetweenraw&cookedandwild&civilized. Asareven

30、geforPrometheusearliertheftofthefinestsacrificialportions.Bywithholdingfire,Zeusmakesthedivisionofthesacrificeimpracticable.ThehumiliationofZeuspromptedhimtotaketheextrememeasureofwithholdingfirefrommankind,withoutwhichmanwouldsoonbelittlemorethananimals.C61.What led to Bacchus wanderings?2.Bacchusi

31、nventedhowtoplantgrapesandbrewwine.Hewaswanderingaroundandspreadthiskindofknowledgetobringpeoplethejoyofdrinking.C71.How did Midas acquire the power of turning everything to gold?BecauseMidasrescuedBacchuss teacher,Slilenus,andtreatedhimhospitably,entertaininghimfortendaysandnightswithanunceasingroundofjollity.Inreturn,Bacchusgavehimthepowerofturningeverythingtogold.C81.What made Hades fall in love with Proserpine?Assignsofwomanlybeautybegantos