老托福听力PartC原文整合.docx

1、老托福听力PartC原文整合老托福听力PartC原文整合 老托福听力PartC原文1 Today well examine the role that private transportation, namely, the automobile plays in city planning. 今天我们将调查私人交通工具，换句话说，汽车在城市规划中所扮演的角色 A number of sociologists blame the automobile for the decline of the downtown areas of major cities. 许多社会学家把主要城市的市中心的衰退

2、归咎于汽车。 In the 1950s and 1960s the automobile made it possible to work in the city and yet live in the suburbs many miles away. 在五十年代和六十年代，汽车使在城里工作，但却生活在许多英里之外的郊区成为可能。 Shopping patterns changed: instead of patronizing downtown stores, people in the suburbs went to large shopping malls outside the cit

3、y and closer to home. 购物模式改变了：生活在郊区的人们去城外且离家近的大型购物中心，而不是屈尊闹市商店。 Merchants in the city failed; and their stores closed. Downtown shopping areas became deserted. 城里的商人失败了;并且他们的上店关门了。市中心购物区变得荒芜了。 In recent years theres been a rebirth of the downtown areas, as many suburbanites have moved back to the ci

4、ty. 近年来中心区有了新生，因为许多郊区居民搬回了城里。 Theyve done this, of course, to avoid highways clogged with commuters from the suburbs. 他们这么做，当然了，是为了避免来自郊区通勤者们阻塞公路。 Ive chosen this particular city planning problemour dependence on private transportation to discuss in groups. 我选择了这个特殊的城市规划问题我们对私人交通工具的依赖，来做小组讨论。 Im hop

5、ing you all will come up with some innovative solutions. 我希望你们都将提出一些创新性的解决方案。 Oh, and dont approach the problem from a purely sociological perspective; try to take into account environmental and economic issues as well. 哦，不要从一个纯粹的社会学视角来着手处理这个问题;也试试考虑环境和经济问题。 老托福听力PartC原文2 Word comes from California

6、of a new weapon in the war on household pests. 一种同居家害虫的战斗的新武器的消息从California传来 Two scientists working for a firm in Anaheim, California, have developed a method to eliminate insects without using dangerous chemicals. 两个为California的Anaheim的一家公司工作的科学家，已经研发出一个方法去清除害虫又不使用危险化学品。 The new poison? Hot air. 新

7、型毒药?热空气。 The basic idea is that insects cannot adjust to temperatures much above normal. 其基本思想是害虫不能适应超过常态很多的温度。 In laboratory experiments, cockroaches and termites cant survive much more than a quarter of an hour at 125 degrees Fahrenheit, or about 50 degrees centigrade. 在实验室实验中，蟑螂和白蚁在华氏125度或大约摄氏50度

8、时不能生存超过一刻钟。 The new method involves covering a house with a huge tent and filling it with air heated to around 65 degrees centigrade. 这个新方法包括用一个巨大的帐篷盖住房子并且用加热到大约摄氏65度左右的空气注入它。 Hot air is forced in with fans, and the tent keeps the heat inside the house. 热空气被风扇强压进去，然后帐篷将热量保持在房子中。 Since termites try t

9、o escape by hiding in wooden beams, the heat treatment must be continued for a full six hours. 因为白蚁会试图躲在木梁中逃脱，这个热处理必须被维持一段六个小时(的时间) But when its all over, and the insects are dead, there are no toxic residues to endanger humans or pets, and no funny smells. 但是当一切都结束时，并且害虫都死掉了，没有残毒会危害人类或宠物，而且没有不舒服的气味

10、。 Scientists claim that there is no danger of fire, either, since very few household materials will burn at 65 degrees centigrade. 科学家声称根本没有火灾的危险，因为很少有家居材料会在摄氏65度燃烧。 In fact, wood is prepared for construction use by drying it in ovens at 80 degree centigrade, which is substantially hotter than the a

11、ir used in this procedure. 事实上，木头被准备用于建筑用途的，会在烘炉中以摄氏80度烘干，这实际上比用于这个程序的空气要热。 老托福听力PartC原文3 Im sure you realize that your research papers are due in six weeks. 我确信你们意识到你们的研究论文在六周内到期。 Ive looked at your proposed topics and made comments about them. 我已经看过了你们提出的主题并且发表了关于它们的评论。 The most frequent problem w

12、as proposing too broad a topic. 最常见的问题是提出了过于宽泛的主题， 记住，这只是一个十五页的论文。 As I return your topic papers, Id like to look over the schedule which sketches out what well do during the next two weeks. 随着我返回你们的主题论文，我想查看概述了我们将在接下来的两周内做什么的计划。 Today is Monday; by Friday, I want your preliminary outline. 今天是周一，到周五

13、，我想要你们初步的大纲。 Please be sure to incorporate the suggestions Ive made on your topics in your outlines. 请务必吸收我在你们的主题的大纲上做出的建议。 Next week Ill have a conference with each of you. 下周我将和你们每一个人有一场讨论。 Ive posted a schedule on my office door. 我会在我办公室门上张贴一个日程表。 Sign your name to indicate the time youre availab

14、le for an appointment. 签上你的名字来指明你可以(安排)约定的时间 In the conference, well discuss your preliminary outline. 在讨论中，我们将探讨你的初步大纲。 Then you can make the necessary revisions and hand in your final outline, which is due two weeks from today. 然后你们可以做些必要的修订并且提交你们的最终大纲，这在从今天起两周内到期。 Use the outline style in your te

15、xtbook and remember it should be no more than two pages long. 使用你们教材中的大纲类型，同时记住它应该不会超过两页纸长。 Be sure to begin with a thesis statement, that is, with a precise statement of the point you intend to prove and include a conclusion. 一定要用一个主题句开始，也就是说，用一个你打算证明的点的精确的陈述句，并且要包括一个结论。 Have you got all that? 你们都明

16、白了吗? Your two-page preliminary outlines are due at the end of this week and the final outlines are due after your conferences. 你们两页的初步大纲在本周末到期然后最终的大纲在你们讨论后到期。 Follow the textbook style and include a thesis statement and a conclusion. 遵循课本的模式，并且包括一个主题句和一个结论。 老托福听力PartC原文4 Before we begin our tour, Id

17、 like to give you some background information on the painter Grant Wood. 在我们开始这段游览之前，我想给你们一些关于画家Grant Wood的背景信息 Well be seeing much of his work today. 今天我们将会看到很多他的作品 Wood was born in 1881 in Iowa farm country, and became interested in art very early in life. Wood于1881年出生在Iowa的乡下农场，在很年轻时就对艺术感兴趣 Altho

18、ugh he studied art in both Minneapolis and at the Art Institute of Chicago, the strongest influences on his art were European. 尽管他在Minneapolis和Chicago艺术学院都学过艺术，对他的艺术产生最大影响的却是在欧洲 He spent time in both Germany and France and his study there helped shape his own stylized form of realism. 他在德国和法国都呆过，并且他

19、在那里的学习帮助他形成了他自己风格的现实主义形式 When he returned to Iowa, Wood applied the stylistic realism he had learned in Europe to the rural life he saw around him and that he remembered from his childhood around the turn of the century. 当他回到Iowa，Wood把他在欧洲学到的现实主义体裁应用到了他所见到的在他周围的农村生活中，以及他世纪之交的童年的记忆中。 His portraits of

20、 farm families imitate the static formalism of photographs of early settlers posed in front of their homes. 他的早起定居者在他们房前造型的农场家庭肖像画，模拟了照片的静态形式主义。 His paintings of farmers at work, and of their tools and animals, demonstrate a serious respect for the life of the Midwestern United States. 他的农民干活的画作，以及他

21、们的工具和牲畜，展现了对中西部美国生活的一种严肃的尊重。 By the 1930s, Wood was a leading figure of the school of art called “American regionalism. 在二十世纪30年代，Wood成为被称作“美国地方主义”的艺术学院的领导人物。 In an effort to sustain a strong Midwestern artistic movement, Wood established an institute of Midwestern art in his home state. 在一个试图维持一个强劲

22、的中西部艺术的运动中，Wood在他故乡的州建立了一所中西部艺术学院。 Although the institute failed, the paintings you are about to see preserve Woods vision of pioneer farmers. 尽管学院并不成功，你们即将要见到的画作保持了Wood的拓荒农民的愿景。 老托福听力PartC原文5 In todays class well be examining some nineteenth-century pattern books that were used for building houses.

23、 在今天的课上我们将审查一些十九世纪用来建造房屋的样本手册。 I think its fair to say that these pattern books were the most important influence on the design of North American houses during the nineteenth century. 我认为公平来讲，这些样本手册在十九世纪期间北美的房屋设计上有着最重要的影响。 This was because most people who wanted to build a house couldnt afford to hi

24、re an architect. 这是因为大多数想要建造房屋的人雇不起(不能承担雇佣)建筑师(的费用) Instead, they bought a pattern book, picked out a plan, and took it to the builder. 取而代之，他们买一本样本手册，挑选一个计划，然后把它拿给建筑者 The difference in cost was substantial. 费用的差异是很大的。 In 1870, for example, hiring an architect wouldve cost about a hundred dollars. 在

25、十九世纪七十年代，举例来说，雇一个建筑师应该花费大约一百美金。 At the same time, a pattern book written by an architect cost only five dollars. 同时，一个建筑师写的样本手册仅仅花费五美金。 At that price, its easy to see why pattern books were so popular. 在那种价位，很容易看出为什么样本手册是如此受欢迎。 Some are back in print again today, and of course they cost a lot more t

26、han they did a hundred years ago. 今天有一些又回头出版了，当然它们比一百年前要花费得多的多。 But theyre an invaluable resource for historians, and also for people who restore old houses. 但对历史学家来说他们是一种无价的资源，同时对修复旧房子的人来说也是如此。 I have a modern reprint here that Ill be passing around the room in a moment so that everyone can have a look. 我这里有一本当代的再版，我将会在房间里传递一会儿以便每个人能看一眼。