江苏高考英语专题三阅读理解第二步真题演练一.docx

1、江苏高考英语专题三阅读理解第二步真题演练一真题演练(一)2017江苏A语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文中作者向读者推荐了一本有关历史的书并介绍了其相关信息。56What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?AA biography. BA travel guide.CA history book. DA science fiction.答案C解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories.this book also gives.”可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本书，再根据文章开头所说的这是一次穿

2、越时间的迷人旅行(a fascinating journey through time)可判断这是一本历史书。故选C项。57How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?ABy giving details of its collection.BBy introducing some of its contents.CBy telling stories at the beginning.DBy comparing it with other books.答案B解析推理判断题。通读文章可知，作者提到了这本书的部分内容罗马的建立，因特

3、网的缔造，罗马皇帝及百年战争等。故选B项。BBefore birth，babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning(胎教)，birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk：Ornithological Advances

4、，some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)New-born chicks can then imitate their moms call within a few days of entering the world.This educational method was first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer，a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia，and her co

5、lleagues.Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs.When the eggs were hatched，the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothersa sound that served as their regular “feed me！” call.To find out if the special quality was more

6、 widespread in birds，the researchers sought the red-backed fairy wren，another species of Australian songbird.First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland before and after hatching.Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes.A computer an

7、alysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks，ranking them by similarity.It turns out that baby red-backed fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms.And the more frequently mothers had called to their eggs，the more similar were the babies begging calls.In addition，the team set

8、up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with the most food.This observation hints that effective embryonic learning could signal neurological(神经系统的) strengths of children to parents.An evolutionary inference can then be dr

9、awn.“As a parent，do you invest in quality children，or do you invest in children that are in need？” Kleindorfer asks.“Our results suggest that they might be going for quality.”语篇解读这是一篇科普类的说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚的一位生物学家通过研究发现，鸟儿在孵化时会进行胎教，幼鸟会用胎教时学会的鸟叫声来引起鸟妈妈的关注。鸟儿在胎教方面比人类更出色。58The underlined phrase in Paragraph

10、1 means “ ”Abe the worst Bbe the bestCbe just as bad Dbe just as good答案B解析词义猜测题。画线部分前面的语境说，婴儿在出生之前就能分辨很大的声响与人的嗓音(tell the difference between loud sounds and voices)；画线部分后面的语境说，有些鸟妈妈在鸟儿被孵化出来之前，就可能教它们啼叫(teach their young to sing)。通过对比画线部分的前后我们发现，这里说的是与人类相比，鸟妈妈在胎教方面表现得最好(be the best)，因此选B。59What are Kl

11、eindorfers findings based on?ASimilarities between the calls of moms and chicks.BThe observation of fairy wrens across Australia.CThe data collected from Queenslands locals.DControlled experiments on wrens and other birds.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段的研究过程和第四段的研究结果可知，他的发现基于A项(鸟妈妈与幼鸟叫声的相似之处)。60Embryonic learning

12、helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which .Acan receive quality signalsBare in need of trainingCfit the environment betterDmake the loudest call答案C解析推理判断题。文章最后两段说，研究结果发现，叫声与鸟妈妈的声音很接近的幼鸟得到的食物最多(the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with the most food)，这表明，

13、有效的胎教能够把孩子神经系统的优点发信号给母亲(signal neurological strengths of children to parents)。从这些信息判断，胎教能帮助鸟妈妈识别出更能适应环境的幼鸟，因此选C项。CA new commodity brings about a highly profitable，fast-growing industry，urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.A century ago，the resource in quest

14、ion was oil.Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头) that deal in data，the oil of the digital age.The most valuable firms are Google，Amazon，Facebook and Microsoft.All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up.But size alone is not a crime.T

15、he giants success has benefited consumers.Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery.Far from charging consumers high prices，many of these services are free (users pay，in effect，by handing over yet more data)And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make wave

16、s，too.But there is cause for concern.The Internet has made data abundant，all-present and far more valuable，changing the nature of data and competition.Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better.But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new serv

17、ices：translation and visual recognition，to be sold to other companies.Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power.So they have a “Gods eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful.Breaking up firms l

18、ike Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves：in time，one of them would become great again.A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent，two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century.

19、When considering a merger(兼并)，for example，they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in.They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals.The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-bor

20、n threat.When this takes place，especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of，the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies could be forced to revea

21、l to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it.Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data，with users consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy.But if governments dont want a data economy controlled by a few giants，they mus

22、t act soon.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。随着网络的发展，有些大型数据公司控制着大量的数据。人们呼吁把这些巨头拆分。但问题的根源不在这里，反垄断部门应该出面打破这些公司的数据垄断局面，给小公司更多的生存机会。61Why is there a call to break up giants?AThey have controlled the data market.BThey collect enormous private data.CThey no longer provide free services.DThey dismissed some new-born giants.答案A

23、解析细节理解题。由第一段内容可知，信息犹如我们这个数据时代的石油，谷歌、亚马逊等这些巨头掌控着信息，成为最有价值的公司。这种情况导致人们要求把这些巨头拆分，由此可知选A项。62What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?AData giants technology is very expensive.BGoogles idea is popular among data firms.CData can strengthen giants controlling position.DData can be tur

24、ned into new services or products.答案C解析细节理解题。题干直指第三段。该段说网络丰富的资源改变了数据和竞争的本质，然后举例说谷歌使用这些数据来开展一些服务性的项目，比如翻译和声音识别，另外，网络公司对数据的控制给了他们巨大的权力(Internet companies control of data gives them enormous power.)。根据这些信息判断选C项(拥有数据能够巩固网络巨头的控制地位)。63By paying attention to firms data assets，antitrust regulators could .Ak

25、ill a new threat Bavoid the size trapCfavour bigger firms Dcharge higher prices答案B解析推理判断题。题干的data assets告诉我们，本题的答案在第五段。该段的核心话题是反垄断部门也应该与时俱进(move from the industrial age into the 21st century)。传统的介入兼并的行为首先要考虑规模的大小(traditionally used size to determine when to step in)，但是现在应该考虑公司数据资产的情况(the extent of f

26、irms data assets)。当成熟的公司买入可能会对自己构成威胁的新公司时，反垄断部门就应该举示警红旗(should raise red flags)。由此推断，现在反垄断部门应该考虑被兼并公司的数据资产，而不是落入传统的公司规模大小这个陷阱，因此选B项。64What is the purpose of loosening the giants control of data?ABig companies could relieve data security pressure.BGovernments could relieve their financial pressure.CC

27、onsumers could better protect their privacy.DSmall companies could get more opportunities.答案D解析推理判断题。根据题干的loosening the giants control of data，我们把解题信息定位在第六段。该段说第二个原则就是放松这些巨头对数据的控制：放松网络服务的供应商对网络数据的控制，对提供这些数据的人应该给予更多，而且得到用户的同意之后，应该分享某些数据。根据这些信息推断，加强对巨头的控制，小公司就能得到更多的发展机会，因此选D项。DOld Problem，New Approach

28、esWhile clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak.So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change.Here I will stress some smarter and more creativ

29、e examples of climate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process.We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.This is why，in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment say

30、s that：“There is no one-size fits all adaptation.” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world，people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries.Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.Mohammed Rez

31、wan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities.Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接) to replace flooded ro

32、ads and highways.But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken.Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India，where he is known as the Ice Man.The loss of glaciers(冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous thre