英语16种时态 16 tenses in English.docx

1、英语16种时态 16 tenses in English英语16种时态+（16 tenses in English +）16 tenses in English2007-11-08 14:37:21 Author: Source: Internet text size: big smallThere are sixteen kinds of tenses in English, and their forms are as follows (take study as an example)Ordinary time, continuous tense, perfect tense, perf

2、ect progressive tenseNow study, be, studying, have, studied, have, been, studyingStudied be, studying, had, studied, had, been, studyingFuture will, study, wil, be, studying, will, have, studied, will, have, been, studyingIn the past, would, study, would, be, studying, would, have, studied, would, s

3、tudying, have, been, and so onHot recommendation:They, are, all, the, same, sizeJournal of business English spoken daily NO.83Humorous English: Well Reared is well bredThe English four sets the opposite point of view compositionJanuary 10, 2009 Beijing IELTS testImpromptu English speech appreciation

4、Chinese English idiom story: onlyMarch 5, 2009 IELTS Zhenti and writing.Tense (Tense) is a verb form that expresses actions, actions, and states in various time conditions. Therefore, when we say tense structure, we refer to the verb form in the corresponding tense.1. general present tenseEnglish te

5、nses are divided into 16 kinds: the present, the past, the future, the past, the future, and the four progressive tense, perfect tense and perfect tense.Usage: A) indicates the action, situation, state, and characteristics of what is happening.(B) idioms.(C) regular and habitual movements.Example: H

6、e, always, helps, others. (he always helps others)(D) objective facts and universal truths. In particular, if the context is not present, is unable to keep the clause and clause of temporal consistency.E) said a plan or arrangement, according to the provisions of the act, (only some said come and go

7、, move, stop, start, end, continue the verb) and can be said that the future time adverbial collocation. The common usage is: the plane, the train, the ship, the automobile and so on fixed scheduled traffic mode.Examples: The, next, train, leaves, at, oclock, afternoon., thisThe next train leaves at

8、 3 this afternoonHow, often, does, this, shuttle, bus, run? How often does this bus run?(F) in the adverbial clauses of time and condition, the present tense (sometimes with the present perfect tense) is often used to indicate future events.Example: When, you, have, finished, the, report, I, will, h

9、ave, waited, for, about, 3, hours. (when you finish this report, I have been waiting for nearly 3 hours)2. present continuous tense (be doing)Usage: the action being performed now.3. present perfect tense (have, done)Usage: A) indicates that the action has been completed or has just been completed.F

10、or example: I bought a new house but I my old _ one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.(A) didnt, B, sold, C) havent, sold, D) would sell sellThe answer is C) havent sold.(B) indicates the action or situation that has lasted from the past, continues to the present, and may continue. Continuity

11、verbs are often used at this time. The adverbial of time is usually since plus a past time point, or for plus a period of time, or by plus a present time.For example: Great as Newton was, many of his ideas today are being modified _ and by the work of scientists of our time.A) are, to, challenge, C)

12、 have, been, challenged(B) may, be, challenged, D) are challengingAlthough Newton is a great man, many of his ideas are still challenged today and modified by the work of modern scientists. Challenge is a transitive verb. In this sentence, it should be the passive voice. Its action continues to this

13、 day, so the present perfect tense is used. So the answer is C) have, been, challenged. (A) are, to, challenge, and D) are challenging is the active voice and cannot be the answer. (B) may be challenged although the passive voice, but the meaning does not correspond with the whole sentence, so it is

14、 wrong.(C) an action or situation that occurs in the past but still affects the present. Verbs are usually used, such as: arrive, begin, find, give,失去等。例：约翰摔断了左腿。（约翰摔断了左腿。）注意事项：a）现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。例：他在那家医院工作了8年。（8年他曾经在那家医

15、院工作了。这只是讲述一个过去的事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了。）他已经在那家医院工作了8年。（8年他已经在那家医院里工作了。表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作。）B）因为含有为加一段时间或加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时以来，有动态和延续性的特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。例：我的姐姐已经结婚5年了。（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）我姐姐结婚了。不要打扰她。（终端动词）C）在”这是第一/二/第三.时间.”句型里要求用完成时。例：这是我公司的产品已在国际展览会上展出的第二次。（这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。）d）句型”至今.自“所使用的两种时态都正确。例

16、：是/已10年没见他了。（从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。）E）在”就“、”几乎.当“、”之前的“、”之前的“等句型中，主句要求完成时。例：之前我从未见过那位教授到今天。（以前我从未见过那位教授。）4。现在完成进行时（已做）用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。例：我们已经在这个项目上工作一个月了。（到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。）注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。例：看来石油_从管一段时间。我们要把机器拆开，把它的权利。A）泄露了B）正在漏水。C）

17、泄漏了D）一直在泄漏。从本题上下文看，这两个句子的意思是：“看来，这个管道漏油已有一段时间了，我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障。”第二句表示将要采取的措施。第一句动作发生在第二句之前，并且延续到现在为止仍在继续。因此，空格中需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。D）已经泄漏是现在完成进行时，因此是本题的答案。有11%的考生误选了B）漏水。由于本句有时间状语一段时间，表示谓语动作延续，谓语不能用现在进行时，必须用和完成时有关的时态。有些考生误选了C）泄露或一）是因为他们没有注意到本题第二句是一般将来时，所以第一句的谓语不能用走漏。过去时或过去完成时。5。一般过去时用法：a）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况

18、。B）表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由会用来做表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。例：老人坐在宁静的公园里的长椅上看别人几个小时不做任何事或任何人交谈。（老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。）他每周看望一次母亲。（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）C）有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。例：我想问你，如果我能借你的车吗？（我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）请问您介意坐在这里吗？（您介意我坐在这里吗？）注意事项：a）注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：昨天，上个月，在199

19、9，前两天等，绝对不可与最近，在过去的10年里，这个月等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。b）用来做的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：过去不做，不做，不做都对。用来做经常与习惯于做某事/某物结构进行对比过去常常或前者表示”。过去曾经”，要求加动词原形；后者表示”习惯于”，要求加名词或动名词。6。过去完成时（已完成）用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态就是我们常说的：表示”过去的过去的动作或状态”。在此之前，他的家人_从他六个月。一）没有听到C）没有听到B）没有听到D）没有听到全句的意思是：“到那时为止，

20、他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D）。其它选项中：一）没听到，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态，所以不能与时间状语六个月连用。B）没有被听到，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作，与题意不符。C）没有听到，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的然后只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。例：有在我们的房间里，只是现在有些人，因为我注意到地板上有一个燃烧的烟头我们

21、打开前门时。（刚才有人在我们的房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。）分析：虽然时间状语是刚才似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是”在房间里”这个状态是在”开门”和”注意”这两个过去的动作之前就存在的，所以应该用过去完成时。7。过去将来时（会做）用法：表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。例：我星期四说，明天我将去看我的朋友。（我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。）注意事项：由于过去将来时是由过去时和将来时组合而成的，所以其注意事项可以参考过去时和将来时的相关注意事项。8。过去进行时（正在做）用法：a）表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。例：玛丽听轻音乐10分钟前。

22、（10分钟前，玛丽正在听轻音乐。）B）如果时，而这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时，则另一个句子常用过去进行时。例：我洗我的头发，当你敲前门。（你敲前门时我正在洗头发。）。注意事项：其它与将来时有关的事项请参见下面所讲的一般将来时9。一般将来时用法：a）基本结构是会做。例：我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她的生日礼物。（我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品，作为给她的生日礼物。）B）有些动词，如：到达，很近，来吧，做，做，走，离开，打开，播放，返回，睡觉，开始，在等，用于一般进行时，并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用，可以表示将来时。The act or state of

23、 having an effect on another future time. Its like moving the present perfect to the future of the timeline. Its usage is related to the past and the present, and has to do with the future and the future.For example: The conference a full week by the time _ it ends.A) must, have, lasted, B) will, ha

24、ve, lastedC) would, last, D) has lastedExamine the tense of the predicate verb. The meeting will last for a whole week from beginning to end. In sentences, by, the, time, it, and ends represent actions that will last until some future time, so use the future perfect tense. The answer is B) will, hav

25、e, lasted. If A), because of the modal verb must followed by infinitive form a complete representation of what has happened to speculate that this sentence is by the time it time ends by the time it rather than ended, so he made a mistake not to echo the tense. Would can indicate conjecture or possi

26、bility, but would last cannot represent the action that continues to some future time, so C) would last error. Because D) has lasted is the present perfect tense, which means that the action that has been completed so far can not indicate the continuation of the action at some point in the future, s

27、o it is not correct.Note: since this tense is made up of the future tense and the perfect tense, we can refer to the notes of the present tense and the present perfect tense as the notes for the present tense.() future perfect progressive: shall, have, been, doing, will, have, been, doingFor example

28、: By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for years. (3 to the end of next month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.) (passive voice)13) past perfect continuous: had, been, doingFor example: The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again f

29、or several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home. (before I got home, my 10 year old son has put the old clock disassembled and reassembled several times.) (emphasis here on demolition and assembly) the two past past movements have been repeated (passive voice)14) past future progressi

30、ve: should, be, doing, would, be, doingExample: The government promised that a new highway would built be being next July. (government promised that in July, there will be a new highway being built) The adverbial of time in this sentence is the specific future time, so it is better to use the future

31、 tense (in the passive voice)15) past future perfect tense: should, have, done, would, have, doneFor example: I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong. (I believe that by the end of that year, the new version of that software

32、would have been developed. But I was wrong (in the passive voice)(16) past future perfect progressive: should, have, been, doing, would, have, been, doingFor example: They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. (they said second months until the end, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.)