英语中考复习代词.docx

1、英语中考复习代词英语中考复习：代词代词分类1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法；3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法；4 常见不定代词的一般用法；5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；6. 疑问代词的基本用法。7. 关系代词的基本用法。【名师点睛】一. 人称代词1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I l

2、ike table tennis. （作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语）3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：-Whos is knocking at the door?-Its me.4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：He is older than me.He is older than I am.二. 物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。 第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineo

3、ursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs1 形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前表示所属关系，不能单独使用。This is _（ I ） English book._（he）father is from America.2 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词可单独在句中作主语，表语和宾语。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。Our classroom is as big as _ (they). This is a friend of _ (my).（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）This isnt _ bag , _ is here.这不是我的包，我的在这。 形

4、容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.My own house = a house of my own 3、反身代词单数复数第一人称myself ourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves 记忆小窍门：反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.反身代词的常用搭配: enjoy oneself look after oneself say to oneself dress oneself teach oneself learn .by one

5、self 四. 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. Wha

6、t I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?五. 不定代词1、复合不定代词（1）初中阶段常用复合不定代词列表如下

7、：somebody （某人）anybody（某人/任何人）nobody （没有人）everybody （每人）someone （某人）anyone （某人/任何人）no one （没有人）everyone （每人）something（某事）anything （某人/任何事）nothing （没有东西）ecerything （每一件事） (1) 当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something ,everything , everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。如：Xiaoming，I have _ to tell you. 小明,我有一些重要的事情要告诉你Can you

8、 find anyone else ? 你能再找一个人吗 ?(2) 当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everbody ，nobody ，anyone等时，其反意疑问句的主语常用代词they；当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everthing ，anything ，something ，nothing等时，其反意疑问句的主语常用代词 it。如：Everybody is here ，arent they ?Everything is ready , isnt it ?(3)everyone的意思等同与everbody，只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可以和of短语连用。如

9、：Id like _ to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。Every one likes Mary. 人人都喜欢玛丽。I have kept every one of her letters. 我把她的每一封信都保2、普通不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：1. some与any的区别1）some多用于肯定句，表请求或征求意见的疑问句以及说话者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词；可数名词。 Look! Some of the students are clean

10、ing the library. . Some rice in the bag has been sold out.2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词；可数名词。 If you have any questions, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle. Have you got any tea? 注意：与some, any结合的词如something anything, someone, , anyone, somebody,anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条

11、件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别1）用作形容词： 含义用法表示肯定表示否定用于可数名词a few虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有用于不可数名词a little，虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么 Im going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is little milk in the glass. He has few friends. 2）a little和little也可以用作副词，a lit

12、tle表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级)3. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。用 法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人，其他人another (boy)另一个（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一个the others其余那些人、物

13、the other (boy)另一个男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。（与形容词性物主代词用法相似） Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one. 2）the other：表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. 3） “

14、others”，泛指“另外的人或物” （与形容词性物主代词用法相似）。常与some搭配构成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. 4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”（剩下的全部）。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock.5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个（泛指）”，还可以跟代词one. Mary doesnt want to buy this

15、 skirt. Would you please show her another one?4. every与each的区别。eachevery1)可单独使用1)不可单独使用2)可做代名词、形容词2)仅作形容词3)着重“个别”3)着重“全体”，毫无例外4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物 The teacher gave a toy to each child. 当我们说each child, each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。而当我们说every child和every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况

16、，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。 Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.5. all和both的用法。1）all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。在句中作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。反义词：none All of us like Mr Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr Pope. (作同位语) 2）both作代词。反义词：neither与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都

17、”。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us. 与“of +代词（或名词）”连用，表示“两者都”。 Both of them came to see Mary.6. either 与neitherEither指两者中的一个（either of或either.or）Either you or i am going to France.Neither 两者都不（neither of或neither.nor）Neither you nor he is wrong注：当either.or，neither.nor 以及not only.but also 连接主语时,谓语动词与最

18、近的的主语的人称和书上保持一致，即“就近原则”7. it ，one ，that作代词时的区别it特指上下文提到的同一对象是同一事物。one泛指上下文提到的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一。that常用与比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。如：-Who has a pen ? -I have .The book is mine. _is very interesting .The weather in Beijing is colder than in Guangzhou in winter六. 疑问代词常见的特殊疑问句特殊疑问词中文意思例句功能what什么He is an English

19、 teacherWhat is he?用于询问人名、地址、工作、年龄、电话who(主格)whom(宾格)谁I can ask him the question. Whom can you ask the question?用于询问人的身份，姓名等。whose谁的This book is hers.Whose book is this?用于询问物体的所属关系which哪一个The boy under the tree is my monitorWhich boy is your monitor?用于询问众多事物中的哪一个疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：

20、Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语）What is that? (作表语)Whose umbrella is this? (作定语)Whom are you waiting for? (作宾语)七.关系代词关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：I hate people who talk much but do little.Im looking at the ph

21、otograph which you sent me with your letter.With the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster? (2) 代词it的用法1 指代前面提到过的事物2 代替指示代词this或that. 如：-What is that？-It is a pencil.3 It指代婴儿或身份不明的人。如：Someone is knocking at the door .Please go an

22、d see who it is . 4 It指代时间、距离、天气或季节。 5 用It作形式主语的句型 It is +adj +(for sb) to do sth.如： It is important for us to work hard It is time to do sth/for /that .如： It is time to get up /for lunch/that we went home It seems that.看起来好像。 It is ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做。6 用It 作形式宾语 Do you think it necessary to

23、learn to wait in line7 强调句型“It is/was +被强调部分+that/who/whom/其他成分“It is he who goes to school by bike every day.【中考演练】一. 单项填空1. Tom, Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little

24、B. little C. a few D. few3. -You want _ sandwich?-Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry. A. other B. another C. others D. the other4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs5. -Which do you prefer, a bottl

25、e of orange or a bottle of milk? -_, thanks. Id like a cup of tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. -Never mind. You can have _. A. us B. ours C. you D. yours7. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow.

26、A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None8. -How are you going to improve _ this term? -Work harder than last term. A. ourselves B. myself C. himself D. yourself9. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for?-Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which10. -Is _ here? -No. Li Lei and Han Mei have aske

27、d for leave. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody11. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more12. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, youll have to pay _ $ 30. A. more B. other C. the other D. another13. -Do you live by yourself, Mr Wan

28、g? -Yes. I have two sons. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America? A. neither B. both C. none D. either14. -Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe? -No. _ of them can use a computer. A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All15. Who taught _ English last term

29、? Was _ Mr. Smith? A. you; it B. you; he C. your; it D. your; that16. -That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in her _ hand? A. another B. other C. one D. the other17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves18. -Is there a bus to the zoo? -Im afraid theres _ bus to the zoo. A. no B. any C. some D. none19. You forgot your dictionary? You may have _. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself20. This is _ classroom. Where is _? A. our; t