专项训练 定语从句专项练习和答案.docx

1、专项训练 定语从句专项练习和答案专项训练 定语从句专项练习和答案一、定语从句1The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married.Awhom Bwhich Cwho Dwhose【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C。2Tom, where do you work?I wo

2、rk in a shop _ sells different kinds of vegetables.Awhich Bwho Cwhere Dwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：Tom，你在哪里工作。我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，横线处及后面是定语从句，首先排除D选项，what不能作关系词；空格处缺少主语，副词不能作主语，所以排除C 选项where；在定语从句中，关系代词取决于前面的先行词，先行词是人，关系代词用who或that；先行词如果是物，关系代词应用which或that；本句中根据先行词a shop是物，所以关系词用which，排除B选项；故答案

3、选A。3A true friend is a person _ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.Awhom Bwhose Cwho Dwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。【点睛】在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，

4、引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister. （2）The person that/whom you talked to just now is Toms father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Toms father.在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或wh

5、ich，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词which。例如，He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。 在定语从句中，当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时，用whose引导此定语从句。例如，They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。4Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No

6、. 1 Primary School.Athat are Bwhere are Cwhich is Dwho is【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?他们是来自第一小学的学生。考查定语从句。根据句意：弗兰克，你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁？ 他们是来第一小学的学生可知先行词是children，指人，作主语，故选代词用who/that；children是复数，系词用are，故选A。5Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth（流浪地球） ?Yes. Its the best one I have ever seen.Ath

7、at Bwhich Cwhat Dit【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你看过流浪地球这部电影吗？这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词，that/which可以引导定语从句，what，it不能引导定语从句，首先排除C,D；先行词是不定代词one，前面被形容词的最高级best修饰，引导词只能用that不能用which，故答案为A.【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 当先行词是all, any, anyt

8、hing, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我

9、们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ ）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如：The writer and his novel that yo

10、u have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。6Do you know the boy over there?The one is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.Awhat Bwhich Cwho D不填【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意： 你认识那边那个男孩吗？ 那个拿着球的人？哦，他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. who谁。what引导的是主语，表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从

11、句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A；分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知，本题缺少的是主语，且关系词在定语从句中做主语，不能省略。故选项D不对；我们知道：who 的先行词是人，which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there，指人的先行词，因此应该用who来引导。故选C。7What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _give me something to think about.Awhich Bwho Cwhat Dwh

12、en【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你喜欢什么种类的电影？我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which关系词，先行词是物；B. who关系词，先行词指人；C. what不能引导定语从句；D. when关系副词，在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选A。8Norman Bethune was a great man _ gave his life to help the Chinese people.Awhich Bwho Cwhose Dwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：诺尔曼白求恩是一位伟大的人，他毕生致力于帮助中国人民。空格前名词man

13、意为“人”，是先行词，后面是用来修饰这个名词，是定语从句部分，先行词指人，在定语从句中做主语，可以使用关系代词who/that，不能使用which（指物）/whose（指所属关系），what不能用来引导定语从句，故选B。9Being blind is something _ most people cant imagine.Awho Bwhat Cthat Dwhom【答案】C【解析】先行词是something，关系代词用that。【考点】定语从句引导词。10Everyone _ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.Awhy Bwhose

14、 Cwho Dwhich【答案】C【解析】【分析】【考点定位】：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么；whose谁的；who谁，可以引导定语从句，主语是人；which哪一个，可以引导定语从句，先行词指物。根据句意可知，这里考查的是定语从句，先行词是Everyone，指代人，根据句意可知选C。11This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwho【答案】A【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用

15、that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛：限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the wo

16、rld. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

17、如： This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man t

18、hat is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questio

19、ns.12The only language _ is easy to learn is mother tongueAwhich Bthat C/ Dit【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语，由于它前面有修饰语only，所以只能用关系代词that，不能用which，因此选B。考点：考查定语从句。13Success will belong to those never say “impossible” .Awhom Bwhat Cwho DWhich【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。此处考的是定语从

20、句，先行词是those那些人，而且关系代词在句中做主语，所以用who，选C；whom可指代人，但做宾语；which只能指物，故选C。考点：考查定语从句。14The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close toeach other.Awho Bthat Cwhat DThey【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句中先行词为small houses，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词that。句意：老镇有狭窄的街道，小房子建得彼此相靠近。考点：考查定语从句的用法15The boys _ from America like C

21、hinaAwho is Bare Cwhich is Dwho are【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构，可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语，先行词the boys是人，不可用which（用于先行词是物时），需用who引导；the boys是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构，可知选D。16Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?Awhat Bwhich Cwho Dwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意

22、“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗？”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；D.whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为books指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。17Do you know the man saved three pupils in the accident?Awho Bit Cwhom Dwhose【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗？定语从句中，先行词指人时，用关系词who（作主语），whom（作宾语），that；先行词指事物时，用关系词t

23、hat/which。本题中，先行词the man指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who ，故选A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。18Carla cant stand the boy _ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class.Awhich Bwho Cwhat Dwhom【答案】B【解析】句意：Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人，在

24、定语从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。19Confucius was a great thinker had many wise ideas about human nature.Awho Bwhich C/【答案】A【解析】句意：孔子是一位伟大的思想家，他对人性有很多明智的想法。考查定语从句。who用于先行词是人时，which用于先行词是物时。先行词thinker（思想家）是人，需用who引导，引导词做从句的主语，不可省略；根据句意语境，可知选A。20Who do you like best in the program Where Are We Going，Dad?Ill sa

25、y Jasper.He is such a cute boy _ can speak English very well.Awhich Bwho Cwhose【答案】B【解析】句意“-在爸爸去哪中，你最喜欢谁？-我会说是陈胤捷，他是一个能把英语说得很好的聪明的小孩”。根据“n+_+句子”结构可知，本题考查定语从句。A.which指物，在从句中做主语和宾语；B.who指人，在从句中做主语和宾语；C.whose指人或物，在从句中做定语。本题中，先行词the boy指人，且在从句中做主语，故选B。21You look smart in the Tshirt _ your daughter bough

26、t for you. Thanks a lot.Awhich Bwho Cwhom Dwhose【答案】A【解析】本题考查定语从句。根据句意“你穿上那件你女儿为你买的衣服看起来很时尚”。先行词为the T-shirt，指物，在从句中做宾语。A. which指物，做主语和宾语；B.指人，做主语和宾语；C.whom指人，做宾语；D. whose指人和物，做定语。故选A。【点睛】作定语从句时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。22The city _ I visited last year has change

27、d a lot.Really? I hope to go there one day.Awhere Bthat Cwhen【答案】B【解析】句意：我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的变化。真的吗？我希望有一天去那儿。这是定语从句的结构，先行词city在从句中应是宾语，所以引导词不能用副词形式，where是副词，that 代词，when副词；故选B23Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwho【答案】B【解析】句意：读书是一件好事，它能

28、把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句，先行词是places；定语从句中缺少句子的宾语，where在定语从句中作状语，故排除A；what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句的时，先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语，先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。24That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达

29、一百万。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？25-Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!-Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place_I have ever visited.Awhat Bwho Cthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：克里斯，西湖太迷人了！是啊，西湖是我去过的最美丽的地方。此题考查定语从句。what不可作关系词，故排除A。关系代词who指人；关系代词that既可指人，也可指物。此句先行词plac

30、e是物，故用关系代词that。故选C。26I like the teacher is strict with us.Athat Bwhom Cwhose【答案】A【解析】句意：我喜欢对我们严格的老师。that是关系代词，可以引导定语从句，在从句中做主语或宾语，先行词可以是人，也可以是物；whom是关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句中做宾语，先行词是人；whose的，也可以引导定语从句，后面修饰名词。这个定语从句中缺少主语，故应选A。27 Have you watched the TV play In the Name of People”（人民的名义）?-It s the most popular play _our Party s trying to struggle against corruption（反对腐败）.Awhere show Bwhich show Cthat shows Dwho shows【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你看过电视剧人民的名义吗？这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。考查定语从句。当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序数词来修饰的时候，关系代词只能用that。故选C。28Id like to tell you the table manners _ you should know when you vis