英语四种疑问句的用法归纳.docx

1、英语四种疑问句的用法归纳英语四种疑问句的用法归纳一.进修一般疑问句的五个要点就全句提出问题,愿望对方赐与肯定或否认答复的问句,叫做一般疑问句.答复时要用Yes或No来开首,句末用问号,朗读时用升调.(一).一般疑问句的根本构造1. 假如谓语中有情态动词.助动词或be,将这些词移到主语之前.如：Eg: Can you dance? 你会跳舞吗？Will he go there tomorrow? 他明天去那边？Are you a student? 你是学生吗？2. 假如谓语中没有情态动词.助动词或be,就在主语前加助动词do(does.did) ,本来的动词都用本相.如：Eg: Do you l

2、ike English? 你爱好英语吗？Does your brother like English? 你的兄弟爱好英语吗？Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得好吗？注：have做助动词时,将其移至主语前;作“有”解时也可以将其移至主语前;不是作“有”解的为行动动词时,其疑问式和其他行动动词一样要在主语前加do(does.did) .如：Eg: Has he gone to England? 他到英国去了？Have you (=Do you have) a car? 你有汽车吗？Do you have lunch at school? 你是在黉舍吃中饭的吗？

3、(二).一般疑问句的简单答复Eg: Can you swim? 你会泅水吗？Yes, I can. (No, I cant) 会.(不会) Have you finished your work? 你工作做完了吗？Yes, I have. (No, I havent. ) 做完了.（还没有.）Is this your pen? 这是你的钢笔吗？Yes, it is. (No, it isnt) 是的.（不是.）(三).一般疑问句的否认情势当措辞人或是等待肯定的答复或是不等待对方的答复时用否认式.其构造,在白话里,老是把not与情态动词.助动词或be缩略成一个词;有时也将not放在主语后.如：E

4、g: Cant you see the kite? 岂非你看不到谁人风筝？Dont you like playing football? 岂非你不爱好踢足球？Arent you (=Are you not) a You Pioneer? 岂非你不是少先队员？(四).留意否认疑问句的答复英语的yes和no是对答语的肯定或否认,而不是对问句的肯定或否认,所以只要答语是肯定的,就用“Yes+肯定构造”,答语是否认的,就用“No+否认构造”.这与汉语的习惯不合.请比较：Eg: Wont he go to the hospital? 岂非他不去病院了？Yes, he will . (No, he won

5、t. ) 不,他去.（是的,他不去.）Cant you speak English? 你岂非不会讲英语吗？Yes, I can . (No, I cant. ) 不,我会.（是的,我不会）二. 进修特别疑问句的三个要点（一）.特别殊疑问句的概念就是对句中某一部分提出问题的疑问句,叫做特别疑问句.句首用疑问词,句末用问号,并用降调.不克不及用Yes或No答复,须要直接答复所问内容,与问句反复的部分常省略.如：Eg: Whats there on the road? 路上有什么？Theres a truck on it. 路上有辆卡车.Who runs fastest in your class?

6、 你们班谁跑得最快？Tom does. 汤姆.（二）.疑问代词和疑问副词1. 疑问代词who谁（作主语和表语）,whom谁（作宾语）,whose谁的（作定语和表语）,which哪些(个) （作主语.宾语.定语和表语）,what什么（作主语.定语和表语）.注：疑问代词都属于第三人称,一般为单数,有时也有复数.what, whose, which作定语时,必须放在它们所能润饰的名词之前.2. 疑问副词（作状语）when何时,where何地,why为什么,how若何,how much若干(不成数) ,how many若干(可数）,how long多久,how old多大年事,how far多远.注：

7、how润饰形容词和副词时,必须放在形容词和副词之前.（三）.特别疑问句的构造1. 对主语和主语的定语提问时,与陈述句的语序雷同.Eg: Who is in the room? 谁在房间里？What makes you so worry? 什么事使你这么懊末路？Whose shirt is this? 这是谁的衬衣？Which desk is yours? 哪张课桌是你的？2. 对句子的其他成分提问,是“疑问词+一般疑问句”.Eg: What are you doing? 你在干什么？Which do you want? 你要哪一个？What time does the train arrive

8、? 火车几点到站？When will you come back? 你什么时刻回来？How long did they stay there? 他们在那边呆了多久？ 三.选择疑问句进修要点（一）选择疑问句的构造平日供给两种情形,请求对方从中作出选择,其构造是：一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句（后句常将与前句意思雷同的部分省去）.措辞时,前句用升调,后句用降调.如：Eg: Shall I go or will you go yourself? 是我去照样你本身去？Will he go on Sunday or on Monday? 他是礼拜日照样礼拜一走？（二）选择疑问句的答复从问句供给的几种情形顶

9、用完整的句子答复.如：Eg: Were you fifteen or sixteen last year? 你客岁是15岁照样16岁？I was sixteen last year. 客岁我是16岁. 四.反意疑问句的概念与构造（一）.反意疑问句的根本概念暗示问话人有必定看法,但不是完整肯定,须要对方证实;有时措辞人还会用反意疑问句来增强陈述句的语气,其实不请求对方答复.反意疑问句前面的陈述句部分用逗号和降调,疑问部分用问号,暗示疑问时用升调,用来增强语气时用降调.Eg: He is a student, isnt he? 他是学生,是不是？（暗示疑问,用升调）The play is inte

10、resting, isnt it? 这部戏很有味,不是吗？（增强语气,用降调）（二）.反意疑问句的根本构造反意疑问句由两部分构成,前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个省略的疑问句.假如陈述句是肯定的,反意疑问句用否认;假如陈述句是否认的,反意疑问句用肯定的.反意疑问句平日由两个词构成,第一个词是be.情态动词或助动词,若是否认式,not平日要用简单情势;第二个词是人称代词主格(与陈述句的主语雷同) .如：Eg: Kate and Joan can swim, cant they? 凯特和琼会泅水,是不是？Tom wont come, will he? 汤姆不会来,对吗？（三）.反意疑问句的答复

11、要用yes或no答复,答复的内容是肯定的就用yes,答复的内容是否认的就用no,这与汉语不完整雷同,同窗们要特别留意.如：Eg: You will never forget him, will you? 你永久不会忘却他,是吗？Yes, I will. 不,我会忘却.No, I wont. 是的,我不会忘却他. （四）.英语反意疑问句的三种根本构造构造一：肯定的陈述句 + 否认的简短问句？Eg ：Its Monday today, isnt it? 今天礼拜一,是吗？He often goes to school by bike, doesnt he? 他经常骑自行车上学,对吗？They we

12、nt to the park yesterday, didnt they? 他们昨天去的公园,是吗？用法解释：前面陈述部分是肯定情势,后面简短问句用否认情势.简短问句的主谓部分平日由陈述部分的主谓语来决议,即人称一致.时态一致.对于反意疑问句的答复,总的一个原则是：不管问题的提法若何,只要事实上是肯定的,就用 yes 答复,事实上是否认的,就用 no答复.但当陈述部分是否认句时,答复译成汉语时不一样.这与汉语截然不合,应特别留意.如：Eg: You dont want to go out, do you? 你不想出去,对吧？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 不,我想出去./ 对

13、,我不想出去.构造二：否认的陈述句 + 肯定定的简短问句？Eg: That isnt your book, is it? 那不是你的书,是吗？Jim doesnt speak French, does he? 吉姆不会说法语,对吗？用法解释：当陈述部分有 hardly, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等否认词时,疑问部分要用肯定情势.如：Eg: He never said she would come, did he? 他从来没说她会来,是吗？Nobody can answer the question, ca

14、n they? 没有人能答复这个问题,是吗？Few people know about it, do they? 几乎没有人知道有关这件工作,是吗？You have never seen the film, have you? 你从来没看过这部片子,是吗？Neither you nor I can work it out, can we? 你我都不克不及算出它,对吗？构造三：祈使句 + 简短问句？Eg: Stop talking, will you? 停滞讲话,好吗？Pass me the pen, will you / wont you? 把这支钢笔传给我,好吗？Dont be late a

15、gain, will you? 不要再迟到了,行吗？Let us help you, will you? 让我们帮忙你,好吗？Lets have a rest, shall we? 咱们歇息一会儿,行吗？用法解释：1. 祈使句的反意疑问句,若前面是否认构造,则附加问句只能用 will you.若前面是肯定构造,附加问句用 will you,也可用 wont / would / can / cant you 或 shall we 等,它情势上是反意疑问句,但其实不暗示正式的疑问句,也不暗示反意,而是暗示邀请或暗示请求.如：Eg: Close all the windows, will you /

16、 wont you? 把所有的窗户都关上,好吗？Dont go to the park by bus, will you? 别乘公共汽车去公园,好吗？2. lets 用于提出建议并包含对方时,其附加问句用 shall we.let us 暗示收罗对方允许,其附加问句用 will you.let + 第三人称时,其附加问句用 will you.这种反意疑问句往往用来暗示进一步收罗对方的看法,使口吻变得虚心.委婉一些.如：Eg: Lets go to see the pandas, shall we? 咱们起首去看熊猫,好吗？Let us wait until 5:00, will you? 让我

17、们等到5点,好吗？ 五. 英语选择疑问句的构成及用法 (一).提出两个或两个以上的情形或事物来让听话人对它作出断定或选择,如许的疑问句就叫选择疑问句.如许的疑问句不克不及用 yes 或 no 来答复,只能从句子中选择一部分作为问题的答案.选择疑问句,or 前面的部分读升调,or 后面的部分读降调.如：Eg：Are you a soldier or a worker? 你是士兵照样工人？Im a worker. 我是工人.选择疑问句有两种构造情势：1. 一般疑问句 + or + 一般疑问句？如：Eg: Have you been there or will you go there? 你是已经去

18、过那儿还将要去那儿？Can you speak English or can she speak English? 是你会讲英语照样她会讲英语？当or后面的疑问句与or前面的疑问句有雷同部分时,雷同部分一般省略.如：Eg: Will you go to work in Shanghai or (will you go to work ) in Shenzhen after your graduation? 你毕业今后是在上海工作照样去深圳工作呢？2. Which / Who 所引诱的特别疑问句,A or B? 如：Eg: Which do you like better, this one o

19、r that one? 你更爱好哪一个,这一个照样谁人？Who are you waiting for, Li Lei or Li Ming? 你在等谁,是李蕾照样李明？ （二）.英语反意疑问句的答复及翻译 1. 肯定反意疑问句的答复当陈述部分为否认式,反意疑问句为肯定式时,其答复往往与汉语不一致,需特别引起留意： Eg: It isnt cheap, is it? Yes, it is. “它不便宜吧?”“不,很便宜.”He doesnt love her, does he? No, he doesnt.“他不爱她,是吗?”“是的,他不爱她.”2. 否认反意疑问句的答复当陈述部分为肯定式,反

20、意疑问句为否认式时,其答复一般不会造成艰苦,一般只需照情形答复即可：Eg: Its new, isnt it? Yes, it is. “是新的,对吗?”“对,是新的.”He wants to go, doesnt he? No, he doesnt. “他想去,对吗?”“不,他不想去.”3. 答复反意疑问句的原则答复反意疑问句平日应依据现实情形来肯定,如有人问你You are asleep, arent you? 你应答复No, Im not. 因为既然你能答复,肯定你还没有asleep.但假如他人问你 You arent asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着,对吗),你也只能答复

21、No, Im not.(是的,还没有睡着),而不克不及答复为Yes, Im not. 也不克不及答复成 Yes, I am. 六.英语特别疑问句的用法 用特别疑问代词或特别疑问副词所引诱的疑问句叫特别疑问句.这种疑问句不克不及用yes或no来答复,而应依据具体情形作具体答复.疑问句经常应用降调.1. 疑问代词：(1) what 问事物.情形或人的职业身份;如：Eg: Whats that over there? 那边的谁人是什么？What do you like best? 你最爱好什么？Whats your favorite subject? 你最爱好的是哪一学科？留意特别意义的特别疑问句：

22、Eg: What day is it today? 今天礼拜几？Whats the date today? 今天是几号？What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？Whats Lee like? 李像个什么样的人？(可以用来问边幅也可用来问人品) Whats the weather like today? 今天的气象怎么样？ What does sb. / sth. look like? 或人或某物是什么样子？(问表面) What do you think about sb. / sth. 你以为或人或某物怎么样？(讯问你对或人或某物的评价) .What will you go

23、 there for? 你去那儿干什么呢？(问目标) What book do you want? 你想什么书？(2) who 问人(作主语.宾语或表语) ,如：Eg: Whos the man speaking over there? 在那边措辞的那人是谁？(3) whom问人(作宾语) ,如：Eg: Whom / who are you talking about? 你们在谈论谁？(4) whose问人(作主语.宾语.表语或定语) ,如：Eg: Whose is this? 这是谁的？Whose bag is this? 这是谁的口袋？Whose did you take? 你拿了谁的？(

24、5) which 问人或事物(表选择) ,如：Eg: Which will you take? 你想拿哪一个？Which one would like to buy? 你想买哪一个？2. 疑问副词：(1) how 问情形.方法.程度等,如：Eg: How do you go to school? 你是怎么上学的？How do work out the problem? 你是若何算出这道习题的？留意具有特别意义的疑问句:How do you do? 你好吗？(初次会晤用语) How are you? 你好吗？(熟习人之间的问候语) How is your father? 你父亲好吗？(讯问他情面

25、形) How do you like sth. / sb. ? / How do you find sth. / sb. ? 你以为或人或某器械怎么样？相当于What do you think about sb. / sth. How can I get there? 我怎么去那儿？How old are you? 你多大了？How far is it from here to your school? 从这儿到你黉舍有多远？How much is five and three? 五加三等于几？How much is a kilo of pork? 一公斤猪肉若干钱？How long is i

26、t? 它有多长？How long will you stay there? 你讲在那儿呆多久？How soon will you come back? 你过多就回来？How often do you have a sports class? 你每隔多久上一次体育课.(2) when 问时光,如：Eg: When will you come here again？你什么时刻再来？(3) where 问地点.处所,如：Eg: Where will you spend your holiday this summer? 本年炎天到哪里去度假？(4) why 问原因,如：Eg: Why do you

27、not believe me? 你为什么不信任我呀？六.五种特别情形的反意疑问句 1. 当陈述部分是Im时.反意疑问句通经常应用 arent I：Eg: Im wrong, arent I? 我错了,是吗?Im older than you, arent I? 我年事比你大,对不合错误？2. 当陈述部分是I wish时.反意疑问句通经常应用may I：Eg: I wish to go with them, may I? 我想同他们一路去,可以吗？3. 当陈述部分为省略句时.反意疑问句的主语平日应视省略的情形而定：Eg: A nice girl, isnt she? 她是个好姑娘,对吧? Wha

28、t a nice day, isnt it? 气象真好,是吧？4. 当陈述部分有used to时.反意疑问句可用used to或did：Eg: He used to come here, usednt didnt he? 他曩昔常来这儿,是吗?5. 当陈述部分有had better时.反意疑问句用had：Eg: Hed better leave here, hadnt he? 他最好分开这儿,是吗？ (七).陈述句变一般疑问句的办法用yes或no来答复的疑问句,一般疑问句用升调.陈述句变成疑问句时分三种情形：1. 陈述句中有系动词be.助动词be, have / has, do, will,

29、would, shall, should, had或情态动词can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought时,将这些系动词.助动词或情态动词移到句首,并在句末加上问号.如：Eg ：Ill go to the History Museum this afternoon. Will you go to the History Museum this afternoon? 今世界午你去了汗青博物馆吗？I visited Beijing last month. Did you visit Beijing last month? 上个月你不雅赏了北京吗？在

30、对疑问句进行答复时,须留意：(1) 当答复could, would所提的问题时,一般用can, will. 如：Eg: Could you help me with my homework this evening? Yes, I can. / No, I cant. Would you go there right now? Yes, I will. / No, I wont. 在对偏向你暗示邀请时,可用OK, sorry等来替代Yes,No. (2) 在对用may所提问题的否认答复时,一般用mustnt / cant;而在对用 must所提的问题进行否认答复时,一般用neednt / do

31、nt have to. 如：Eg: May I use your bike now? Yes, you may. / No, you cant. (mustnt) Must I stay at school this afternoon?Yes, you must. / No, you neednt (dont have to). 2. 原陈述中没有系动词be.助动词be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should had或情态动词can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought时,则在句首加助动词Do的恰当情势,同时,将谓语动词变成本相动词.如：Eg: We speak Chinese. Do you speak Chinese? 你讲汉语吗？I went shopping yesterday. Did