cs in college english listening comprehension英语听力理解过程中的障碍因素及对策本科毕业论文.docx

1、cs in college english listening comprehension 英语听力理解过程中的障碍因素及对策本科毕业论文The Obstacle Factors and Tactics in College English Listening Comprehension大学英语听力理解过程中地障碍因素及对策 ContentsIntroduction.1Chapter1 Obstacle Factors in Listening Comprehension.2 1.1Characteristics of listening materials.2 1.2 Characteris

2、tics of the speakers speech in listening materials21.2.1 Changes in sound.21.2.2 Intonation and the sequence of sounds.31.2.3 Verbiages intherlude.41.2.4 Tow different voice systems, RP and GA.41.3 Difficulties on the part of learners.5Chapter2 Tactics to Resolve the Obstacles.7 2.1 Listening and vo

3、cabulary.7 2.2 Correlation of listening and reading.7 2.3 To grasp the process of listening8 2.4 To focus on practical training9Chapter3 Tactics in the English Listening Teaching11 3.1 Changes in teaching pattern11 3.2 To select the listening materials.11 3.3 Aims of listening practice11 3.4 Emotion

4、al problems of learners.13Conclusion.16Acknowledgements.17Bibliography18 摘要 “听”作为人类言语交际方式之一,在信息剧增国际交往日益频繁地今天更具有重要意义,因此,在英语学习中“听”应该是第一位地长期以来由于受环境等因素地制约,我们所学地英语大多是“聋子式地”或“哑巴式地”因此,如何提高听力始终为人们所关注鉴于听力地重要性和难度,本文将探讨解决大学英语听力理解过程中地障碍因素首先从听力材料地特点,材料中说话者地语言特征,及学习者自身因素来分析听力理解过程中地障碍因素,并通过这一分析得出一些解决问题地策略和听力技巧(例如:

5、增加词汇量把握关键词注重练习扩大知识面等等),以及它们在英语听力教学过程中地实际运用关键词 听力 障碍 技巧 Abstract Leaps in information and international dealings are getting more and more frequent in society today. As one of the ways of verbal communication, “Listening” is becoming more significant during international exchanges. Therefore, “Listen

6、ing” is the primacy in English study. Although we have learned English knowledge for many years, sometimes we also could not speak fluently or listen exactly, and even like the deaf-mutes. The reason is that we have been restricted within the surroundings and other factors for a long time. So, peopl

7、e are always pay attention to how to improve the level of listening. In view of the importance and difficulties of listening, the thesis aims at the discussion of the tactics to solve the obstacles in the college English listening comprehension. Firstly, it analyzes the obstacle factors in listening

8、 comprehension according to characteristics of listening materials, characteristics of the speakers speech in listening materials, and difficulties on the part of learners. In addition, it concludes some methods and listening skills to resolve problems (such as increase vocabulary, grasp the key wor

9、ds, focus on practical training widen the knowledge and so on), and their application in the English listening teaching.Key words Listening Obstacles Skills IntroductionAs one of the principal ways of receiving information, listening plays an important role in English study. Listening comprehension

10、is an essential capability to grasp the language and semantics. The listener has to complicatedly process the phonetic signals which they heard. The whole process is a very enthusiastic and active movement, and it also is the mutual-impact and interaction of the background knowledge, the context and

11、 language knowledge. The process absorbs information from the listening materials continuously till forming the process of understanding. This shows that verbal communication starts with listening, understanding and finally entering the exchanging process. The sociality of language determines the ul

12、timate goal of language learninginterpersonal communication, and the whole process is the exchanging between the input and the output of information. In order to ensure the process goes smoothly and coherently, the information must be understood. The human has two basic ways to understand informatio

13、n: listening comprehension and reading comprehension. Listening comprehension processes various forms of language (written or oral, formal and informal, etc.) directly. It emphasizes the capability of dealing with information rapidly, which plays an important role in terms of language learning. In t

14、he process of the second language which can be learned lacks realistic speech circumstance, so listening training is the essential link. In view of this, the thesis will explore ways and strategies to improve students level of listening by analyzing the obstacle factors in college English listening

15、comprehension.This thesis from three aspects to discuss the obstacle factors and tactics in college English listening comprehension. The first part mainly analyzes the obstacle factors. And these problems are analyzed from three aspects, namely listening materials, characteristics of the speakers sp

16、eech in listening materials and difficulties on the part of learners. The contents of the second part are the methods and strategies which are used to solve the obstacle factors mentioned in the chapter one. Combining with the English listening teaching, the third part discusses how to help students

17、 resolve these obstacles.Chapter 1 Obstacle Factors in Listening Comprehension1.1 Characteristics of listening materialsTo some extent, characteristics of listening materials decide the difficulty of the listening:1) They belong to the audio materials, which is easy to fleet from listeners ears that

18、 is different from the reading materials which the reader can go back to read in any time;2) The content relates to all areas of life, including chat at the street, saying proverbs, new affairs and situations being not well-known by learners, and the speakers change the topic in the same dialogue fr

19、om time to time;3) For some content, the listener can not forecast what the speaker will say next, such as reports, interviews and daily dialogues, because sometimes they are lack of logic.4) Although we know it well if we look at it in the paper, characteristics of liaison and lost plosive make it

20、difficult for the listener to indentify the single word when he listens to the materials.5) A large number of colloquial words and expression often appear in the daily dialogue materials. For example, using stuff to replace material, and using guy to express the meaning of man and so on. Sometimes t

21、here is slang or some expressions which are inconsistent with the grammar, for example, the compositions of the sentence are incomplete or tautological. These are unfamiliar for the learner who mainly learns the formal written expression.1.2 Characteristics of the speakers speech in listening materi

22、als1.2.1 Changes in soundChanges of sound refer to the English words pronunciation change in a sense group. The main changes include liaison, incomplete plosion, epenthesis, elision and assimilation and so on. And these changes have an important effect on the level of listening, because it is diffic

23、ult for beginners to master the law of these sounds. I will discuss the effect of the changes as follows:(1)In the same sense group, the suffixs pronunciation of the former word is read by linking with the initialness of the latter which adjacently follows it, that is called liaison. There are the f

24、ollowing three conditions:a. The two adjacent words, the former ends in a consonant sound and the latter starts with a vowel sound, namely: consonant+ vowel;b. The two adjacent words, the former ends in the letter of “r” and the latter starts with a vowel sound. In this case, /r/ should be read out,

25、 and together with the vowel. Namely: /r/+ vowel;c. The two adjacent words, the formers suffix and the latters initialness usually are liaison. There is no pause between them and sounds like a word, namely: vowel+ vowel;(2)Incomplete plosionIncomplete plosion refers to losing plosive in the producti

26、on of plosive. It is essential to separate three phases in the production of a plosive: the closing phase, the hold or compression phase, and the release phase. However, in some cases, these plosives only have the first two phases but lose the release phase, and these cases are called incomplete plo

27、sion or lost plosive. There are several situations as follows:a. Any two adjacent plosives, the former pronounces the incomplete plosion, such as:She has a ba(d) cold.b. When the plosive is before the fricative, it should be incomplete plosion, such as:I rea(d) the book yesterday.c. When the plosive

28、 is before the nasal, it should be incomplete plosion, such as:It ma(d)e me happy.(3)Elision. When a certain sound or some sounds of the word are influenced, it does not pronounce.(4)Assimilation. Assimilation refers to a sound is influenced by the adjacent sound and becomes the same or similar as t

29、he adjacent sound, or the two sounds interact and become the third sound, as shown by the following: a. has to z s b. love to v f c. five past v f1.2.2 Intonation and the sequence of soundsChinese characters are hieroglyphics and ideograms, and each character has a tone including the level tone, the

30、 rising tone, the falling-rising tone and the falling tone. English is an alphabetic writing. So there are differences between Chinese and English, especially some sounds exist in English but do not in Chinese. For example, many students have troubles in distinguishing /v/ from /w/. English and Chin

31、ese systems also have great differences in pronunciation. There is no ending of consonants in Chinese, so students often are affected by the mother tongue in learning English to add vowel to the end or prolong the syllable. There are several aspects related to sound transfer and level of the transfer: (1) great differences in pronunciationTones in PutonghuaPutonghua paChinese characterPinyinTone numbers