1、小升初英语热点题型一04时态2020年 小升初英语热点题型04 时态(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时)【要点归纳】一、时态【重点】(一)一般现在时A. 一般现在时中的 be 动词: 一般用原形 am is are am 用于第一人称单数(I);is 用于第三人称单数(he, she 和其他人名或称谓,如 Ben, his sister);are 用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数 we, 第二人称复数 you, 第三人称复数 they 和其他复数)如 the children, his parents 等。B. 句子结构1).主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形
2、+其他。eg. We often watch TV at the weekends.2)主语(第三人称单数)+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。eg. Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays.C. 句型变换肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及回答(二)、现在进行时A. 构成形式:主语+be 动词+动词的 ing 形式+其他。这里强调一点,两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。B. 现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。C. 句型变换:(三)、一般过去时A. 一般过去时中的 be 动词一般用过去式: was werewas 用于第一人称单数(I)和第三人称单数
3、(he, she 和其他人名或称谓,如 Ben, his sister 等)were 用于第二人称单数(you)和所有复数(包括第一人称复数 we, 第二人称复数you,第三人称复数 they 和其他复数,如 the children, his parents 等)。B. 构成形式: 主语+动词的过去式+其他。注意:没有 be 动词的否定句和疑问句中,用 didnt 否定和用 did 提问后,动词在定要用原形。C. 判断依据:(1) be 动词是 was, were. (2) 动词加 ed; (3)有表示过去的时间状语中,现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有: just now, a mome
4、nt, yesterday, last week, last night, last weekend, last year, last month, three years ago, two weeks ago, five years ago, the day before yesterday.E. 句型变换:(四).一般将来时A. 构成形式:(1)主语+be going to+动词原形+其他。(2)主语+will+动词原形+其他这里强调一点,be 动词、going、 to 以及动词原形共四个单词缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成一般将来时。B. 句型变换:注意:-Where are you goi
5、ng? -Were going to Beijing. 问句中不要用到 to.【难点】一、一般将来时的判断依据:一个句子中既有 be 动词,又有 going、to 和动词,且动词用的是原形,该句是现在进行时;句中往往有 tomorrow、soon、next week 等词。二、现在进行时的判断依据:一个句子中既有 be 动词,又有动词,且动词加了 ing ,该句是现在进行时;或者句中往往有 now、look、listen 等词。【热点题型】例 1 按要求转换句子。Tom likes playing basketball with his friends.(改成否定句) Tom playing
6、basketball with his friends.【答案】doesnt like【解析】此句变为否定句时要借助于助动词 does, 后面的动词用原形。【点拨】考查学生对肯定句变否定句用法的掌握情况,难度易。例 2 用所给动词的正确形式填空。Look! They (have) an English lesson.【答案】are having【解析】由句中的 Look!可知此句是现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,主语是 they,所以应填 are having.【点拨】考查学生现在进行时的用法的掌握情况,难度易。例 3 用动词的适当形式填空。We all (have) a good ti
7、me last night.【答案】had【解析】由句中的 last night 可知此句是一般过去时态,have 的过去式是 had.【点拨】考查学生对一般过去时的掌握情况,难度易。例 4 用所给词的适当形式填空。Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.【答案】will visit【解析】由句中的 tomorrow 可知此句要用一般将来时态,will+动词原形构成, 应填 will visit.【点拨】考查学生行为动词 go 在不同的时态中的用法的掌握情况,难度中。例 5 按要求改写句子。We will meet at the bus stop at 1
8、0:30.(改为一般疑问句) meet at the bus stop at 10:30?【答案】Will you【解析】此句改为一般疑问句时要将 Will 提到句首,并且第一个字母要大写,并将第一人称的 we 改为第二人称的 you.【点拨】考查学生肯定句变为一般疑问句的用法的掌握情况,难度中。【易错诊断】例 1 按要求改写句子。My father came to the shop just now. (改为否定句) My father to the shop just now.【错解】 didnt came【错误辨析】此句变为否定句时要借助于助动词 did, 后面的动词要用原形,这是学生们
9、最容易出错的地方,有些学生借助于助动词 did, 后面还用动词的过去式,所以这点需引起学生的注意。【正确答案】 didnt come例 2 用动词的适当形式填空。He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)【错解】plays, played【错误辨析】有些学生一看有 now,肯定用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数, 所以第一个空要填 plays; 这是错误的,注意:句子中出现 now 时,大多数情况下是用现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,所以第一个空要填 is playing. 句子中出现 just now 时,句子要用一般过去
10、时态,所以第二个空要填 played.【正确答案】 is playing, played例 3 按要求改写句子。He has some questions. (改为一般疑问句) he questions?【错解】 Does have some【错误辨析】此句改为一般疑问句时要借助于助动词 does, 后面的动词用原形, 另外需注意 some 用于肯定句中,但是在疑问句和否定句中要用 any,这是学生们容易疏忽的地方,需引起注意。【正确答案】 Doeshave any例 4 按要求改写句子。She is going to listen to music after school. (对画线部分提
11、问) she after school?【错解】 What is going to listen【错误辨析】此句画线部分是listen to music, 所以提问时要用What is she going to do after school? 但大多数学生容易写成What is she going to listen after school? 或是 What is she going to after school?(缺少动词)这两种都是错误的,因为画线部分是 listen to music 听音乐,提问时应是:放学后她要做什么?【正确答案】 What is going to do例 5
12、用所给词的适当形式填空。They (not water) the flowers now.【错解】 dont water【错误辨析】学生容易把此句当作是一般现在时态来处理,所以就错误地认为应填 dont water. 这是错误的,因句中的 now 所以可知此句要用现在进行时态, be+v-ing 构成,应填 are watering.【正确答案】 are watering【趁热打铁】一、填空欢乐谷(一)用单词的适当形式填空。1. Mike (like) cooking.2. You always (do) your homework well.3. My mother (cook) some
13、nice food now.4. What you (do) now?5. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.6. What (do) you do last Sunday? I (pick) apples on a farm.7. Liu Tao (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.8. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.9. Tom often (go) to school on foot.10. they (sweep) th
14、e floor on Sunday? No, they .二、选择超市1. What are you doing?- .A. I am read a book B. Im doing homework C. Im a student2. Do you like sweet food?- .A. Yes, she does. B. Yes, I do. C. Yes, I am. 3.Is he a report?A. writeing B. write C. writing4. Dont late next time!A. is B. are C.be5. He usually up at 6
15、:00. I get up at 6:30.A. get B.getting C. gets6. Many boys like playing after class.A. a basketball B. the basketball C.basketball7. When you get up?A.are B. do C. does8. - are you going on vacation? Beijing.A. When B. Where C. What9. What will you do for your father on Fathers Day?-I for my father.
16、A. cook B. will cook C. cooks 10.Ill go tomorrow.A.shop B. shops C.shopping三、根据图片完成句子。1. She is the room. 2. They often breakfast at eight oclock. 3. They boating yesterday.4. The bird is in the sky now. 5. They are ice cream.四、完形填空(每空一词)1 Miss Gaos class there are 2 students. There are twenty-four
17、boys, and twenty-two girls. 3 of the boys is 4 . His name is Jim. All 5 boys are Chinese. All of the Chinese students are Young Pioneers. In the class there are two 6 girls. They are 7 . 8 names are Lily and Lucy. The other girls areChinese. We are 9 Chinese.friends. Theres 10 difference, American-E
18、nglish-( )1.A.In B.At C.On D. About( )2.A.forty six B.forty and six C.fourteen six D.forty-six( )3.A.A B.An C.One D. Ones( )4.A.England B.English C.Englishes D. Englandman( )5.A.other B.others C.the other D. the others( )6.A.America B.american C.Americas D. American( )7.A.twins B.twin C.twines D.twi
19、nies( )8.A. They B.Their C.Them D.theirs( )9.A. All B.all C.alls D. Alls( )10.A.not B. Not C.no D. No五、描写一下你所在的城市或村庄。50 词左右。一、填空欢乐谷(一)【答案】【趁热打铁】答案及解析1. likes 2.do 3. is cooking 4. are doing 5. will have6. did. picked 7.flew 8.will go 9.goes 10.Did,.sweep. didnt【解析】1. 此句是一般现在时态,因主语是第三人称单数,所以 like 要变为
20、 likes.2. 由句中的 always 可知此句用一般现在时态,应填 do.3. 由句中的 now 可知此句用现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,应填 is cooking.4. 由句中的 now 可知此句用现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,应填 aredoing.5. 此句意是:今天天气晴朗,下午我们要去野餐,所以要用一般将来时态,will+动词原形构成,应填 will have.6. 由句中的last Sunday 可知句子用一般过去时态,疑问句要借助于助动词 did. 所以第一个空填 did. 回答也要用一般过去时,pick 的过去式是 picked.7. 由句中的 yeste
21、rday 可知此句用一般过去时态,fly 的过去式是 flew.8. 由句中的next week 可知此句用一般将来时态,will+动词原形构成,应填 will go. 9.由句中的 often 可知第一句话用一般现在时态,因主语是第三人称单数,所以go 要变为 goes.10.此句意是:周日你打扫地板了吗?用一般过去时态,疑问句借助于助动词 did,后面的动词用原形, 回答时也要用 did, 应填 Didsweep. didnt.二、选择超市【答案】1. B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5. C 6. C 7.B 8. B 9.B 10. C【解析】1. 此疑问句用的是现在进行时态,所以回答时也
22、要用相同的时态,应选 B。2. 此疑问句借助于助动词 do, 所以回答时也要用 do, 应选 B。3. 此句意是:他正在写报告吗?现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,writewriting. 所以 A 的书写是错误的,应选 C。4. 否定祈使句,Dont 后跟动词原形,应选 C。5. 由句中的 usually 可知用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数,所以 get 要变为gets. 应选 C。6. 在球类前不加定冠词 the. 应选 C。7. 因句中的主语是 you, 所以疑问句需借助于助动词 do, 应选 B。8. 根据回答 Beijing,表示地点,所以可判断疑问词要用 Where. 应
23、选 B。9. 疑问句用的是一般将来时态,所以回答时也要用相同的时态,应选 B。10.明天我要去购物,go shopping 去购物, 应选 C。三、【答案】1. cleaning 2.have 3.went 4.flying 5. eating【解析】1. 由图片可知 She is cleaning the room 她正在打扫房间,现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,应填 cleaning.2. 由图片可知 They often have breakfast at eight oclock.他们经常八点吃早饭,have breakfast 吃早饭。3. 由图片可知 They went bo
24、ating yesterday.他们昨天去划船了,go boating 去划船,go 的过去式是 went.4. 由图片可知此句是 The bird is flying in the sky now.那只鸟现在正在空中飞。现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,应填 flying.5. 由图片可知 They are eating ice cream 他们正在吃冰淇淋,现在进行时态,be+v-ing 构成,应填 eating.四、【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.C【解析】1. In Miss Gaos class 意为“在高小姐的班上”。2.
25、基数词表示几十几时,先说几十,再说几,中间要加短横,应选 D。3. One of 表示”之一”。4. English 可以作为形容词直接放在 be 动词后面作表语,意为“英国人”。主语可以是单数,也可以是复数,应选 B。5. the other 可以修饰复数名词,表示除前面提到的以外的“全部其余的”。6. 修饰名词用形容词 American. A 项为名词,意为“美国”。B 项没有大写。 C项为错误表达法。应选 D。7. 句子单复数应保持一致, They are twins 他们是双胞胎。8. 名词前面要用形容词性物主代词作定语,they 为主格作主语。B 项为形容词性物主代词作定语,C 项为
26、宾格作宾语,D 项为名词性物主代词可作主语、宾语、表语。应选 B。.9. all 为副词,没有单复数变化形式,应选 B。10. no 用作形容词时,可直接置于名词前面,但如果前面已有 a, this, his, much, any等词时,则用 not, 应选 C。五、 My VillageMy village is very beautiful. There are many houses in the village. Near the village, there is a forest. A small river is in front of the village. The water in the river is very clean. We can see some fish in the river. Near the river, you can see a mountain. Some flowers and grass are on the mountain. I like my village. Welcome to my village!用一般过去时描写自己的村庄。
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