初中英语连词讲与练.docx

1、初中英语连词讲与练初中英语连词讲与练连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词。在句中不单独作句子成分。历年中考中常考并列连词and，but，neither nor；从属连词now that，though，when。所以了解状语从句和宾语从句的真正意义有助于正确使用从属连词。连词: 从属连词和并列连词（一）从属连词：用于连接各种从句的连词（二）并列连词：并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：1.表并列关系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。2. 表选择关系的or, eitheror等3. 表转折关系的but, while

2、（然而）等。4.表因果关系的for, so等。5. and: “和”在肯定句中表并列or: “和”在否定句中表并列另外：1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句 2)or “否则”eg. .Which do you like better, tea or milk? .Hurry up, or youll be late for school. 6.but “但是”表转折eg. I listened, but I heard nothing.注意：1)though(虽然), but(但是)不能连用 2)not but 不是而是eg. This book isnt mine but yours.both

3、 and : 既又（连接主语为复数）neithernor: 既不也不（连接两主语时，谓语动词取决于临近主语的人称和数）7. eitheror: 或者或者（连接两主语时，谓语动词取决于临近主语的人称和数） not only but also:不但而且 she is not only a student ,but also a good student .eg.1)Both he and I are students.2)Neither he nor I am a student.练 习1. _ he is very young, _ he knows a lot about science. A

4、. Though; butB. Because; so C. Though; / 2. She was _ we all like her. A. such a good singer B. such a good singer that C. so good singer that 3. Ill give her the message _ she comes back. A. as soon as B. before C. since4. Mother didnt go to bed _ she finished cleaning the room. A. after B. Until C

5、. because 5. It is a long time _ we met last time in Shanghai. A. before B. after C. Since(自从-以来) 6. He was worried about _ he would come to my party. A. that B. what C. if7. Can you tell me _ is she going to give me as a present? A. what B. when C. who 8. Rose is an English girl, _ she doesnt like

6、English food. A.so B for C. and 9. There is air _ water on the moon. A. and B. or C. so 10. Tom laughed _ the others did, _ he didnt understand the story. A. like; though B. as; though C. like; because 11. It was _ we went fishing in the open air yesterday. A. such a nice weather B. so nice weather

7、that C. such nice weather that 12. I didnt hear _ he said just now. A. that B. what C. which 13. They were reading _ the lights were out. A. until B. when C. while14. The street was wet, _ it rained last night. A. because B. As C. for 15. Could you tell me _ his father is like? A. that B. how C. wha

8、t ( )1._ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man.A. On B. AtC. In( )2.Many people work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at( )3.He speaks Japanese best _ the boy students. A. between B. with C. among( )4.A wolf _ a sheep skin is our dangerous enemy.A. withB. in C. on( )

9、5.Joan hopes to come back _ three days. A. after B. for C. in( )6.They sent the letter to me _ mistake. A. by B. for C. with( )7.He left home _ a cold winter evening. A. at B. on C. in( )8.Shanghai is _ the east of China. A. in B. on C. to( )9._ my fathers help, I have finished my composition. A.and

10、 B. on C. with( )10.Hes very strict _ himself and hes very strict _ his work. A. with ; in B. in ; with C. with ; with( )11.I really cant agree _ you. A. toB. on C. with( )12.The shop wont open _ nine in the morning. A. untilB.at C. during( )13.How about _ the flowers now? A. wateringB. are watering

11、 C. watered( )14.She spent all his money _ books. A. inB. with C. on( )15.They are talking _ low voices. A. with B. in C. on( )16.Its very kind _ you to help us. A. forB. to C. of( )17.What will you have _ breakfast this morning? A. withB. forC. by( )18.A plane is flying _ the city. A. onB. over C.

12、above( )19.You are free to speak _ the meeting. A. atB. inC. on( )20.Mr. Green will stay in China_ Friday. A. toB. onC. till( )21.Its wrong to play tricks _ other people .A. onB. of C. with( )22.Which color do you like? I prefer blue _ red. A. forB. as C. to( )23.The student will give us a talk _ ho

13、w to use our spare time.A. for B. on C. in( )24.I paid two hundred yuan _ that kind of bicycle.A. in B. for C. on( )25.The doctor is very kind _ his patientsA. to B. on C. at( )26.We cant live _ air.A. in B. with C. without( )27.The child was afraid _ the strange sound. A. at B. for C. of( )28.He wa

14、s very angry _ her for being late.A. for B. with C. at( )29.What do you think _ the play?A. on B. like C. of( )30.I think its the right way to work out the problem, but I am not sure _ it.A. do B. for C. of( )31.Reading _ the sun isnt good _ youA. under ; for B. in ; for C. in ; to( )32.I wont ask a

15、bout it, Im going to see it _ my own eyes.A. by B. for C. with( )33.We go to school every day _ Sunday.A. except B. withoutC. on( )34.There is a small river _ the two towns A. in B. between C. among( )35.Li Lei sometimes falls asleep _ the lesson. A. for B. through C. during( )36.Mr. Black went to P

16、aris _ a few days. A. for B. in C. after( )37.They will leave _ London next month.A. toB. fromC. for( )38.Are you going to the zoo _ bus or _ my car? A. on ; by B. by ; in C. on ; in( )39. Japan lies _ the east of China . A. toB. inC. about( )40.No one can stop her _ going away. A. ofB. from C. out

17、of( )41. . _ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students.A. Under B. In C. With D. On( )42.Youll get a nice present _ your parents_ your birthday.A. from ; on B. for ; at C. frm ; in( )43.Light comes in _ the window. A. fromB. acrossC. through( )44.There are many apples _ the tree. A

18、 bird _ the tree is picking an apple. A. in ; on B. on ; in C. in ; at( )45. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train.A. and B. soC.or( )46. Dont go _ the street. The bus is coming. A. crossB. acros C. past( )47.He lives _ the twentieth floor _ No. 154 Zhongshan Street.A. on;atB. in ; in C. on ; in( )48.

19、He found a piece of useful information _ the Internet. A. at B.onC. in( )49._ my surprise, he lost the game. A. With B. To C. On( )50. Tom failed in the exam again _ he wanted to pass it very muchit. A. ifB. soC. though初中主谓一致讲练一，主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法

20、一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。例如： Tom is a good student. They often play football on the playground. 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。例如： My family are having lunch now. Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 3. 就近一致就近一致就近一致就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取

21、决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. There is a pen and some books on the desk. 二、主谓一致常考题型 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。例如： The desk is Toms. Some water is in the bottle. The students are playing football on the playground. 2. many a+单数

22、名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。例如： Many a student has been to Shanghai. 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如： More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 4. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. Every man and every woman is at work. 5. one and a half+

23、复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 6. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To see is to believe Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 7. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A student or two has failed the exam. 8. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody,everyone, e

24、verything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数；none 如果指量，动词用单数。若用来指数目，与可数名词连用，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，none 如果代 表不可数名词时谓语动词用单数。例如： Is everyone here today. Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in. None of the land has become desert. 9. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each of them has

25、 an English dictionary. Neither answer is correct. 10. a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。 The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。 11. 当kind of, pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓

26、语与kind, pair, glass等一致。例如： This pair of shoes is Toms. There are two glasses of water on the table. 12. the+形容词：表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。例如： The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. The beautiful lives forever. 13. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。 例如： Twenty pounds is

27、nt so heavy. Two months is not a short time. Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离). Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. Ten miles isnt a long distance. Five minus four is one. 14. 集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时: A. 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Cla

28、ss Three have a map of China.(三 班有张中国地图) 15. Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。 如： There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵16、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数： The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋) 17. glasses, shoes, socks, trouse

29、rs, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。 如： The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买) 18 .a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。 如： A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句) 19、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。 如： The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品) 20. 用bothand连接两个事物做主语时