《组织胚胎学》专业词汇.docx

1、组织胚胎学专业词汇EPITHELIAL TISSUEcovering epithelium 被覆上皮stratified squamous epithelium 复层扁平上皮simple squamous epithelium单层扁平上皮stratified columnar epithelium 复层柱状上皮endothelium内皮transitional epithelium 变移上皮Mesothelium 间皮Microvillus 微绒毛simple cuboidal epithelium 单层立方上皮cilium 纤毛simple columnar epithelium单层柱状上皮

2、basement membrane 基膜goblet cell 悲壮细胞plasma membrane infolding 质膜内褶pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium假复层纤毛柱状上皮细胞tight junction 紧密连接gap junction 缝隙连接Desmosome 半桥粒CONNECTIVE TISSUElooseconnectivetissue 疏松结缔组织Perichondrium 软骨膜collagenousfiber 胶原纤维Chondrocyte 软骨细胞elasticfiber 弹性纤维hyaline carti

3、lage 透明软骨reticularfiber 网状纤维fibrous cartilage 纤维软骨ground substance 基质osseous tissue 骨组织Fibroblast 成纤维细胞Osteocyte 骨细胞mastcell 肥大细胞Osteoblast 成骨细胞plasma cell 将细胞Osteon 骨单位Macrophage 巨噬细胞isogenous group 同源细胞群Cartilage软骨BLOODErythrocyte 红细胞Monocyte 单核细胞Leukocyte 白细胞blood platelet(thrombocyte) 血小板（血栓细胞）n

4、eutrophilic granulocyte 中性粒细胞hematopoietic stem Cell 造血干细胞eosinophilc granulocyte 嗜酸性粒细胞hemopoietic progenitor cell 造血祖细胞basophilc granulocyte 嗜碱性粒细胞committed stem cell 定向干细胞lymphocyte淋巴细胞MUSCLE TISSUESarcolemma 肌膜myofibrilSarcoplasma 肌浆sarcomeresarcoplasmic reticulum 肌浆网transverse tubuleskeletal mu

5、scle 骨骼肌terminal cisternacross striation 横纹intercalated diskMyosin 肌球蛋白Actin 肌动蛋白Tropomyosin 原肌球蛋白Troponin 肌原蛋白NERVE TISSUEnerve cell (neuron) 神经细胞（神经元）synapse 突触neuroglial cell神经胶质细胞synapse vesicle 突触小泡Dendrite 树突Astrocyte 星形胶质细胞Axon 轴突Oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞Neurofibril 神经原纤维Microglia 小胶质细胞presynapt

6、ic membrane 突触前膜Schwann cell 施万细胞postsynaptic membrane 突触后膜satellite cell 卫星细胞Nissl body 尼氏体myelinated nerve fiber 有髓神经纤维CIRCULATORY SYSTEMCapillary 毛细血管Arteriole 微动脉Pericyte 周细胞Venule 微静脉continuous capillary 连续性毛细血管Endocardium 心内膜fenestrated capillary 有孔毛细血管Myocardium 心肌膜Sinusoid 血窦Epicardium 心外膜Mi

7、crocirculation 微循环Arteriovenous anastomosis 动静脉吻合IMMUNE SYSTEMdiffuse lymphoid tissue弥散淋巴组织medullary cord髓索lymphoid nodule淋巴小结white pulp白髓thymocyte胸腺细胞marginal zone边缘区paracortex zone浅层皮质区red pulp红髓lymphoid sinus淋巴组织splenic cord脾索Cortex 皮质splenic sinus脾血窦Periarterial lymphatic sheath 动脉周围淋巴鞘Medulla 髓

8、质Dendritic cell, DC 树突状细胞ENDOCRINE SYSTEMtarget cell 靶细胞chromaffin cell 嗜铬细胞Follicle 滤泡Somatotroph 生长激素细胞parafollicular cell 滤泡旁细胞Mammotroph 催乳激素细胞zona glomerolosa 球状带Thyrotroph 促甲状腺激素细胞zona fasciculate 束状带Gonadotroph 促性腺激素细胞zona reticularis 网状带Corticotroph 促皮质激素细胞Hormone 激素chromophobe cell 嫌色细胞Aldo

9、sterone 醛固酮Pituicyte 垂体细胞Herring body 赫令体SKINEpidermis 表皮hair shaft 毛干Keratinocyte 角质形成细胞hair root 毛根Melanocyte 黑素细胞hair follicle 毛囊dermis真皮hair papi1la 毛乳头papillary layer 乳头层sebaceous gland皮脂腺reticular layer 网状层sweat gland 汗腺Langerhans cell 朗格汉斯细胞Dermal papilla 真皮乳头Arrector root sheath 立毛肌DIGESTIVE

10、 SYSTEMLingual papillae 舌乳头Gastric gland 胃腺Taste bud味蕾Parietal cell 壁细胞Tunica mucosa 粘膜Chief cell 主细胞Lamina propria 固有层Serous alveoli 浆液性腺泡Plica 皱襞Mucous alveoli 粘液性腺泡Centroacinar cell 泡心细胞Mixed alveoli混合性腺泡Pancreas islet 胰岛Demilune 半月Hepatic lobule 肝小叶Intercalated duct 闰管Hepatocyte 肝细胞Striated duct

11、 纹状管Hepatic sinusoid 肝血窦Kupffer cell 枯否细胞Perisinusoidal space 窦周隙fat-storing cell 储脂细胞Bile canaliculi 胆小管Portal area 门管区Submucosa 粘膜下层Gastric pit 胃小凹Fundic gland 胃底腺RESPIRATORY SYSTEMOlfactory cell 嗅细胞Pulmonary alveoli 肺泡Bronchiole 细支气管Alveolar cell 肺泡细胞Terminal bronchiole 终末细支气管Alveolar septum 肺泡隔R

12、espiratory bronchiole 呼吸性细支气管blood-air barrier 血-气屏障Alveolar duct 肺泡管Alveolar macrophage 肺泡巨噬细胞Alveolar sac 肺泡囊Dust cell 尘细胞Brush cell 刷细胞Alveolar pore 肺泡孔URINARY SYSTEMUriniferous tubule 泌尿小管Filtration membrane 滤过膜Nephron 肾单位Proximal tubule 近端小管Cortical nephron 皮质肾单位Thin segment 细段Juxtamedullary ne

13、phron 髓旁肾单位Distal tubule 远端小管Renal corpuscle 肾小体Collecting tubule 集合小管Podocyte 足细胞Juxtaglomerular complex 球旁复合体Glomerulus 肾小球Juxtaglomerular cell 球旁细胞Mesangial cell 系膜细胞Macula densa 致密斑Renal capsule 肾小囊MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMSeminiferous tubule 生精小管Spermatozoon 精子Spermatogenic epithelium 生精上皮Susten

14、tacular cell 支持细胞Spermatogonium 精原细胞Androgen binding protein 雄激素结合蛋白Primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞Efferent duct 输出小管Secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞Epididymal duct 附睾管Spermatid 精子细胞Semen 精液Spermiogenesis 精子发生Primodial germ cell 原始生殖细胞Acrosome 顶体FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMPrimordial follicle 原始滤泡Corpus lute

15、um 黄体Primary oocyte 初级卵母细胞Corpus albicans 白体Primary follicle 初级卵泡Atresic follicle 闭锁卵泡Secondary follicle 次级卵泡Perimetrium 子宫外膜Zonapellucida 透明带Myometrium 子宫肌膜Corona radiate 放射冠Endometrium 子宫内膜Mature follicle 成熟卵泡Proliferation phase 增生期Ovulation 排卵Menstrual phase 月经期Secretory phase 分泌期SENSE ORGANSCorn

16、ea 角膜Ganglion cell 节细胞Sclera 巩膜Macula lutea 黄斑Iris 虹膜Lens 晶状Ciliary body 睫状体Vitreous body 玻璃体Choroids 脉络膜Crista ampullaris 壶腹嵴Retina 视网膜Auditory string 听弦Rod cell 视杆细胞Cone cell 视锥细胞Macula Utriculi 椭圆囊斑Macula sacculi 球囊斑Bipolar cell 双极细胞Spiral organ(organ of Corti) 螺旋器(Corti器)GENERAL EMBRYOLOGYCapacitation 获能Embryonic disc 胚盘Acrosome reaction 顶体反应Deciduas 蜕膜Fertilization 受精Fetal membrane 胎膜Cleavage 卵裂Yolk sac 卵黄囊Morula 桑椹胚Umbilical cord 脐带Blastocyst 卵裂球Placenta 胎盘Trophoblast 滋养层Chorion 羊膜Implantation 植入Ectoderm 内胚层Endoderm 内胚层Mesoderm 中胚层