合同资料合同翻译二doc35页精编版.docx

1、合同资料合同翻译二doc35页精编版合同翻译（二）涉外经贸合同的翻译步骤因英文合同涉及缔约当事人的权利、义务关系，其一旦生效便具有法律约束力，任何违背合同约定的行为，都应承担相应的责任。 在翻译的过程中，我们必须忠于原文，不得做与原文有出入的翻译，若有不慎，就会带来难以预估的法律责任。 1、分析通读全文并研究其结构，做到全面理解、掌握内涵，并从宏观上了解合同原文的总体精神和篇章结构。要充分理解合同文本的第一步就是要对合同的体裁和种类进行分类。不同的体裁和种类的合同有不同的章法可循。英文合同种类繁多，只有了解合同种类、吃透条款的内涵，才能保证译文的质量。2、理解翻译前要读懂原文。合同文件十分枯燥

2、、乏味，句子长、术语多，理解上颇费功夫。所以耐心读懂合同原文至关重要。理解合同文件中的规约用语。here: hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto, hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter;there: thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereon, thereof.这些词汇的共同特点是使文体更具庄重感，同时意义确定，能将复杂的含义集中到一个简洁的表达里，在合同文件中使用这些词，可以避免重复、误解和歧义，使行文庄重严谨。

3、理清合同文件中的句子结构合同类法律文件的起草者为了使行文完整严密，不造成曲解、误解，往往选择使用结构复杂的长句，句序变化大，从句的插入手法多，经常使用被动语态和否定提前等。在翻译时，一定要理顺句子之间的逻辑结构，注意行文的条理性及严谨性。3. 表达在分析和理解的基础上，要用目的语将原文内容表达出来。译者对原文的理解程度、翻译技巧、翻译手法和风格等都决定着翻译的质量。在合同翻译中绝不能提笔就译，草率行事。词语是构成合同文本的基本单位，是翻译合同文件的基础。所以选词是关键。4. 校正校正是翻译活动的最后一关。在准确表达的前提下，力求使译文的格式和文体符合合同规范的要求。在校正的过程中要注意的问题是

4、细节，如合同中的重要条款、细节部分（如合同的标的物和关于货币的支付形式）以及容易被忽略的细微之处是否有漏译或错译等。商务合同语篇特色语体正式、严肃、稳重；措辞严密准确；固定行文程式，以符合合同行业规范；多用长句、被动语态、名词化结构；语言特点：主题突出、指称直接、逻辑性强、限定详尽、指向明确。合同词汇特征1、专业词汇丰富。2、用语正式规范3、使用旧体词。4、使用缩略语1、专业词汇丰富。经贸合同种类繁多，涉及贸易、技术、法律等学科。而专业词汇是用来准确表达科学概念的词汇，具有丰富的内涵和外延。为了准确描述合同双方的权利和义务，合同中往往使用法律类的专业术语。商务合同种类商品交易（货物买卖、设备进

5、出口、包销、代理、寄售、易货、补偿贸易等）劳务服务（工程承包、工程合作、劳务合作、来料加工、承揽、加工装配等）科研（技术开发、技术合作、技术引进与输出、技术转让、技术许可实施）投资（合资经营企业、合作经营企业、合作生产、商标使用许可）资金融通（商业信用贷款、银行信用贷款、补偿贸易贷款、技术引进贷款、设备进口贷款、工程项目贷款、开发基金贷款、协议基金贷款、专项贷款）其他：保证、保险、委托、租赁、职工劳动、培训、广告、仲裁、经营管理。2、用语正式规范国际贸易合同属于法律文体，是规范程度较高的一种文体，其用语保守，经常使用正式程度很高的书面语言，以体现合同的正规、庄重和严肃。例：要约可以撤回，撤回要

6、约的通知应当在要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。The offer may be withdrawn, if, before or at the same time when an offer arrives, the withdrawal notice reaches the offeree. 例：The Appendix hereto shall, through the contract period, be deemed to be construed as part of this Contract.整个合同期间，本合同的附件应被解释为合同的一部分。3、使用旧体词旧体词

7、均为副词，一般是here, there,或where与in, on, after, of 等介词结合构成复合词。使用旧体词不仅可以使合同语言更为简练、规范、严肃，文体更为正式庄重、严谨，而且避免了用词重复和文句冗长。4、使用缩略语国际贸易合同中的缩略语主要为首字母缩略词和简短词，其中，价格、支付及包销方式大多以首字母缩略词形式出现。B/L: bill of lading 提单CIF: coast, insurance, and freight到岸价格、保险费加运费D/D: demand draft 即期汇票FOB: free on board 船上交货价格，离岸价格M/T: mail tran

8、sfer 信汇，邮汇T/T: telegraphic transfer电汇计量单位及相关名称通常以简短词形式出现：CM: centimeterKG: kilogramMA: maximumNo: numberPC: pieceT: ton同一个首字母缩写词可指代不同的短语：P.O.D. 既可指交货地点（place of delivery），也可指目的港、卸货港（port of destination; port of discharge）大小写不同,意义不同：SC：sales contract销售合同Sc: scilicet.亦即，换句话说书写形式不同，但指代同一意义：C.O., C/O均指c

9、ash order 现金汇票，现金订货用词选择：同义词的选择：根据单词的内涵进行选择。例：在合同有效期内，双方对合同产品涉及的技术如有改进和发展，应相互免费将改进和发展的技术资料提供给对方。Within the validity term of the Contract, both parties shall provide each other with the improvement and development of the technology related to the Contract Products free of charge. (provide: give sb. st

10、h. free of charge. supply不明确)例：改进和开发的技术，其所有权属于改进和开发的一方。The improved and developed technology shall be owned by the party who has improved and developed the technology. (belong to, possess)本细则的解释权属于中华人民共和国财政部。The right of interpreting the detailed rules and regulations resides in the Ministry of Fina

11、nce of the Peoples Republic of China.根据搭配关系进行选择例：合资经营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国的法律。All the activities of a joint adventure shall comply with the laws of the Peoples Republic of China. (observe, abide by, obey, comply with-activities)根据合同的文体进行选择-正式、约定俗成买方须于销售确认书第三条所规定日期之前开出本批交易的信用证。否则，售方有权不经通知取消确认书，或接受买方对本销售确

12、认书未履行的全部或一部，或对因此遭受的损失提出索赔。The Buyer shall establish the covering letter of credit before the date specified in Clause Three of this Sales Confirmation, failing which the Seller reserves the right to rescind without further notice, or to accept whole or any part of this Sales Confirmation not fulfill

13、ed by the Buyer, or to lodge a claim for losses sustained, if any.例：Party A shall not be required to pay at once/forthwith any royalties in default on the part of Party B to the Delivery of Technical Documentation.如乙方在技术资料的交付方面违约，不应要求甲方立即支付任何专利权使用费。The Parties acknowledge and agree that the Joint Ve

14、nture Company shall be formed forthwith upon satisfaction of the condition. 缔约各方确认并同意，一旦条件符合，合资经营公司便立即成立。 如果许可方允许任何第三方在任何地方使用本专利或相应的专利，及有关特许产品的生产、使用和销售的许可证，而且其条件比本协议规定的条件更优惠，许可方应立即以书面形式将这些优惠许可的细节通知被许可方，被许可方有接受相同优惠条件的选择权。例：If the Licensor allows/grants any other license under the Patent or their othe

15、r responding patents to any third party in connection with the manufacture, use and sale of the licensed products in any place under such conditions as are more favorable to a licensee than those provided herein, the licensor shall promptly/forthwith inform/notify the Licensee in written form of the

16、 details of such other license and the licensee has the choice/option to adopt equally favorable conditions. 一词多义的处理根据词性确定词义例：The prices quoted include a progressive commission, to be calculated on FOB basis, of 2% for a single order for 10 dozen or up 3% for 30 dozen or up.所报价格包括累进佣金，按FOB价（free on

17、board离岸价格）为基础计算，每订单在10打及以上时佣金为2%，30打及以上时为3%。 Party B is commissioned by the manufacturers to buy steel plated and this contract shall supersede all previous commitments.乙方受制造厂家的委托购买钢板，因此本合同将取代以前的一切承诺。例：The time limit for inspection and claim is 60 days after discharge of the cargo at the port of des

18、tination.检验与索赔的期限为货物卸至目的港后60天。Party B agrees that the expiration of this license shall not discharge Party B from its obligation.乙方同意在许可证到期时并不免除乙方应尽的义务。Routine duties of the Joint Venture Company are to be discharged by the general manager appointed by the Board of Directors.董事会任命的总经理负责履行合营公司的日常职权。

19、根据专业确定词义例：The invoice shall be subject to the usual trade discounts allowed by the Consignor.发票须按照发货人所给予的通常批发折扣开立。The Buyer shall lodge a 90-day note in Bank of China, Taiyuan Branch for discount.买方将把一张90天的期票提交中国银行太原分行贴现。Our end-users consider the Voltmeter to be unfit from application and claim tha

20、t the instrument be replaced by you with a sound one.我方(终端)用户认为该电量计不适于使用，要求你方用一只好的替换。仪器The board of directors may authorize any agent or agents to enter into any Contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation.董事会可授权任何代理人以公司名义并代表公司签订合同或签发单据。正式单据或文件A par

21、ty to an instrument may authorize an agent to endorse the instrument but must specify the principal-agent relationship on the instrument.票据当事人可以委托其代理人在票据上签章，但应当在票据上注明其代理关系。结算业务中票据总称The ocean freight and transfer charges from the interior points to the port of shipment shall be paid by the Buyer.该项海运

22、费及从内地发货点至装船口岸的中转费均须由买方支付。运费This freight must be carefully handled when loading.货物装卸时必须小心搬运。The premium rates vary with differed interests insured and with different destinations, routes and carrying periods of insurance.保险费率随保险货物的不同而变化，也随目的地、航线和保险责任有效期的不同而变化。（insurance interest: 被保险的货物，保险标的物；保险利益）If

23、 the Buyer fails to pay any amount when due, the Buyer shall be liable to pay to the Seller overdue interest on such unpaid amount from the due date until the actual date of payment at the rate of five per annum. Such overdue interest shall be paid upon demand of the Seller.如果买方未能按期支付到期款项，那么，买方应支付卖方

24、从到期之日起算至实际支付之日止的年利率为5%的过期利息。一经卖方提出，买方应支付该过期利息。根据词的搭配关系确定词义In case of any request by either party, the party having possession of the desired records may deliver the appropriate records to the requesting party.如遇任何一方提出要求，拥有所需记录资料的一方可将合适的记录递交给提出要求的一方。The price difference should in no case be as big as

25、 USD 25 per metric ton.价格的差额决不会大到每公吨25美元。In the case of an order for more than 6000 pieces, Party B allows a special discount of 6%.对于数量在6000件以上的订单，乙方愿给予6%的特别折扣。Upon the arrival of the goods at the place of delivery the Buyers claim an allowance of USD 350 on account of inferior quality.货物运抵交付地点后，由于

26、货物质量不佳，买方要求索赔350美元。赔偿费Both Party A and Party B shall make a liberal allowance for such unforeseen circumstances arising during transit.甲乙双方应充分考虑到运输中所发生的意外情况。The part of the contract price shall be paid in USD by way of an irrevocable Letter of Credit against presentation by Contractor to the negotia

27、ble bank.合同价格要由承包人在议付银行以不可撤销的信用证方式用美元支付。negotiable amount 可议付金额negotiable bill of lading 可转让提单negotiable certificate of deposit 可转让定期存单negotiable instrument 可流通/转移票据易混淆的词的处理书写基本近似，但意义不同的词。Party B shall request his bankers to open an irrevocable letter of credit in Party As favour upon receipt of Par

28、ty As confirmation of this order.一旦收到甲方关于此项订货的确认，乙方即要求其银行开立以甲方为受益人的不可撤销的信用证。Our goods that we offer you are much in favour on the European Continent. 我方向你方报盘的货物在欧洲大陆颇受好评。The Borrower agrees to transfer to the lender the right to accept and substitute other assigned accounts subsequent to this date,

29、in lieu of accounts this day assigned.借款人同意向出借人转让收取和兑取自即日起的一后各项应收帐款的权利，用以取代今天的各项应收帐款。accept a cheque in lieu of cash接受支票替代现金Machinery shall become the sole property of the Joint Venture Company, free and clear of all liens, charges and claims of any kind whatsoever.机械设备应成为合资公司的独占财产，不存在任何留置权、任何费用和索赔等

30、情况。(free and clear 没有义务或牵连)同一概念但表达不同权利义务关系的词The Contract Price set forth in this Contract shall not include any withholding tariff and any charges imposed on the contractor by the government in New Zealand.合同中规定的合同价格不应包括新西兰政府向承包人征收的扣缴关税和任何费用。The China Corporation shall bear all relevant taxes and le

31、vies imposed upon the personnel by the Chinese Government, whereas the Employer shall bear the same imposed upon the personnel by the Government of the Project-host Country.中国公司应负责缴纳中国政府对人员所征收的一切税金；雇主应负责缴纳项目所在国政府对人员所征缴的一切税金。The price quoted above do not include any taxes, duties, impost and any othe

32、r charges of any kind which may be levied in China.以上所报价格并不包括在中国境内所征收的各种税款、关税、进口税以及其他各种费用。tax & levies （政府所征的）一切税金tariff 关税（tax to be paid for importing & exporting）GATTduty 关税（tax to be paid for importing）impost （进口）税（但不一定是通过海关所征的税）表示不同法律关系但意义近似的词例：当事人一方有另一方不能履行合同的确切证据时，可以中止履行合同，但是应当通知另一方。The Party shall terminate its performance of the contr