高考英语知识点考点全归纳.docx

1、高考英语知识点考点全归纳高考英语知识点考点全归纳 高考英语知识串讲 第 1讲 一、Language Points 1.share v.分享、合用：share sth with sb n.一份，股份 spare a.业余的，备用的：spare time,a spare tire v.抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/spare one of sandwiches for the boy spare no efforts：不遗余力 spare no expense：不惜工本 save v.节省，救出 2.He felt lucky to have survived the w

2、ar.3.with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论 argue for/against sth：赞成/反对 Sb into/out of(doing)sth：说服某人做/不做某事 4.have/make/let/see/watch/listen to+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)get sb to do sth have+宾+宾补(to do/to be done)5.So+同一主语+助动词 So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语 So it is/was with+另一主语 6.should/ought to/need/could/might/woul

3、d+do/have done 7.except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clause besides/in addition apart from but for=without 8.The first time+从句 For the first time：作时间状语 Its the first time+that-clause(完成时)the first+名词+to do 9.most most of the+n.(pl)/pron.the majority of(the)mostly:主要地（状）10.be equal to sth：与相等

4、 be equal to(doing)sth：胜任(做)某事 equal sth：与相等 equal sb in sth：在方面与某人匹敌 pareto/with compared to/with 12.a great many several/two dozen/hundred+n.(pl.)(many)dozens of a great many of+the/these/those+n.(pl.)seveal/two dozen of+pron.13.much too+adj/adv(原级)too much+n.(u.)too many+n.(pl.)14.没有被动态 come abou

5、t(主要用于疑问句、否定句)happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)sth+take place(多表示有组织、有计划)break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发)occur(与 happen 通用)It occurs to sb that/to do：某人突然想起 15.n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase to do：表将来 With+宾+宾补 doing：表正在进行 Done：表过去 16.强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例：It was in the street that I met an

6、 old friend yesterday.二、语法专题名词的考点 1.考查可数名词和不可数名词，尤其是许多不可数名词在一定情况下变为可数名词。2.考查名词的格，即 s 所有格，of所有格或双重所有格。3.名词作定语。4.名词及名词短语的辨析。5.名词与介词，冠词，动词的搭配。三、题型归纳辨析型单项填空 1.名词的辨析 名词的辨析首先要注意名词单复数的意义区别，如 parent 指父亲或母亲，而parents 指父母双亲；people 指人们，而 a people指民族。其次注意可数与不可数时的意义区别，如:exercise指锻炼；而 exercises 指练习题或练习操；再次，注意同义名词或

7、近义名词的区别，如:event 指发生的重大事件、体育项目；incident 指偶发事件；而accident指意外事件。最后还要注意近形词的区别，如:cloth 指布；cloths 指各种不同用途的布；clothes 指衣服(复数)，clothing衣服(总称)。2.动词的辨析 对于动词的辨析，首先要了解动词的及物与不及物，如:reply意为“回答，答复”后面接名词时需接介词 to,此时为不及物动词；后接从句时，则为及物动词。其次是要弄清动词的词义区别，如:advise与 persuade,前者指劝说、劝告，强调过程；而后者指说服，强调结果。最后还要区别各种非谓语动词间的意义和用法：动词的 v

8、-ing形式表示正在进行或伴随的动作；v-ed 形式表示完成或被动；to do 形式表示即将进行的动作等。3.形容词、副词的辨析 对于形容词、副词，一是要注意近义词间的区别，如:clever指对问题处理的圆滑；bright 指对问题的反应快；wise指选择的正确等。此外，如 wide与 broad;strong与powerful;interesting与 interested;exciting与 excited 等。二是注意同形的形容词和副词，如:close作形容词时意为“亲密的”；作副词时意为“接近，靠拢”。三是注意同根副词的区别，如:hard与 hardly,前者指猛烈地、努力地；而后者意

9、为几乎不。四是注意副词形式的形容词，如:friendly,lovely,lively实际上是形容词，切不可当作副词使用。五是注意形容词的位置区别，如:present+n.与 n.+present，前者指当前的；而后者指在场的。4.介词的辨析 对介词的辨析要从两方面入手，一是介词的词义，如:across,through,past,over 为动作介词，across强调从表面横过，越过；through 强调从空间穿过；past 强调从侧面、旁边经过；over强调从空中越过而不接触，也可以表示越过一段距离、空间等。此外，如 above,over,on;with,by;of,to;to,for 的区别

10、。5.连词的辨析 连词的区别主要在于：一是连词的意义，如：when,while与 as;because,since与for;whether与 if;though,as 与 although 等。二是注意时间名词短语转化而成的连词，如：every/each time;the first/secondtime;the moment;the minute 等，它们都可作连词，连接从句。三是注意副词转化而成的连词，如:directly,immediately,instantly等。四是注意连词的词序，如:only if与 if only,前者意为“只要”，后者意为“要是就好了”。6.代词的辨析 代词的

11、辨析包括不定代词，如:other,others,the other,the others,another 等；人称代词，如:one,it,that 等和关系代词，如:which与 that;which与 as;whose与prep.+which/whom 等。1.Does the teacher_ you to go home this weekend?A.allow B.consent C.agree D.approve 2.After the big fire,the house was completely_.A.ruined B.destroyed C.damaged D.spoile

12、d 3.The hunter said he was lucky to get out of the forest_.A.living B.alive C.lively D.live 4._ talking with his Grandma,he went away without saying a word.A.Tiring with B.Tiring of C.Tired with D.Tired of 5.Its necessary to have some_ knowledge for this job.A.electric B.electrical C.elctron D.elect

13、ricity 6.The photo_ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year.A.hang B.hanging C.hung D.hanged 7.On New Years Day,people,especially girls,always wear new_-new hats,new coats,new trousers and new shoes.A.clothes B.clothing C.cloth D.cloths 8.He stays up_ in the evenings to go online to get the_ info

14、rmation.A.late,latest B.lately,last C.late,last D.latest,latest 9._ is it to ask her about her about that?She doesnt know it either.A.What good B.How good C.What a good D.How much good 10._ I had done it I knew I had made a mistake.A.Hardly B.Directly C.mostly D.Nearly 11.It is said you went to see

15、Jenny yesterday.What has become_ her?A.from B.of C.into D./12.Who do you think will be allowed_ there tomorrow?A.visit B.to visit C.visiting D.visited 13.Today we can either fly to Hainan Island or take a ship_ the sea.A.in B.across C.from in D.across from 14.You wil find what great benefit the comp

16、uter you own can be_ each time you use it to help you work.A.for B.of C.at D.on 15.I thought he was not_ of a professor the first time I heard him speaking to the children at the platform in the hall of our school.A.something B.anything C.somebody D.anybody 16.Weve missed the last bus.Im afraid we h

17、ave no_ but to take a taxi.A.way B.choice C.possibility D.selection 17._ students have graduated from this school in the last twenty years.A.Tens of thousands of B.Tens upon thousands of C.Tens in thousands D.Ten thousands of 18.The farmers plan to produce three times_ in the year before last to mee

18、t the increasing need of the people.A.of crop as much this year as B.as much crop this year as C.as more crop this year as D.much crop this year than 19.I think the house is_ large for a family of four people and the price is very reasonable.A.too B.rather C.fairly D.a little 20.His mother dislikes

19、him,for he_ lies.A.tells B.is always telling C.has told D.always told 1-5 ABBDB 6-10 BBAAB 11-15 BBDBB 16-20 BABCB 第 2讲 一、Language points 1.sb./sth.+adj/n sb./sth.+to do consider(以为，认为)sb./sth.+as that-clause n.consider(考虑)doing 疑问词+to do sth “把当作”的译法：consideras =think of/look on/take/regard/treat/h

20、aveas 2.to do A way+of doing (that/in which)+定语从句 A method of doing sth by this means You can solve the problem+with this method in this way by means of:通过方式，以手段 by this/that means:通过这种/那种方式 by all means:务必，一定；（用于回答）当然行，请 by no means:决不，一点也不（用于句首时用倒装）3.protect(from)doing sth prevent/stop(from)doing

21、sth keepfrom doing keepdoing under the potection of 4.as well as well as might/may as well=had better 5.to do specially+for-phrase especially 6.along the river:沿着河流 over the river:在河的正上方 through the forest:穿过森林 by the river:在河边 on the bank:在河岸上 7.follow the instructions follow ones advice as follows

22、 8.be responsible to sb for sth 9.n.doing/to do sth sb to do sth prefer+sth to sth doing A to doing B to do A rather than do sth that sb(should)do sth 10.n.+after+n.=one+n.+after another 一个接一个（强调动作的重复）n.+by+n.:一个接一个（强调动作的变化）tree after tree/day by day 11.say“hi”to sb.Please remember me to sb.向“某人”问好

23、Send my regards to sb.Send the best wishes to sb.12.主+be+adj.+to do:不定式一般用主动式，与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，则应在其后加上适当的介词。主+be+adj.+to do=It be+adj.+(for/of sb)+to do sth eg.This question is difficult to answer.=Its difficult to answer the question.The man is hard to work with.=Its hard to work with

24、 the man.当不定式用作定语时，与其所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语为该动作的执行者时，也常常用主动形式。Eg.He wants water to drink.She has a room to live in.I will go to Beijing tomorrow.Do you have anything to be taken there?二、语法专题冠词的考点 1.考查冠词的一些基本用法，例如：复数名词、不可数名词表示泛指不用任何冠词；the+单数名词表类指；a/an+单数名词表泛指。2.考查冠词的习惯用法。如：in case of fire,be wounded i

25、n the leg,on the telephone,leave college等。3.考查冠词的活用。如：抽象名词的具体化，a success;a/an+专有名词表泛指，an Edison。4.考查零冠词的用法。三、题型归纳结构型单项填空 结构型试题常表现在句子中某些成分的省略、标点符号的出现、倒装或插入其他成分使前后分离等，从而引起句子结构的变化，扰乱对句子的判断。1.有省略的复合句。由于宾语从句或定语从句中谓语部分行为动词的省略，导致对不定式作状语产生误解。2.标点符号的影响。由于受汉语习惯的影响，往往会因为句子中的标点符号，弄错句子的结构。3.插入语的影响。有些句子由于中间插入了某些成

26、分，而使句子显得支离破碎，造成对句子结构的误解。4.倒装句型的基本结构：(1)完全倒装；(2)部分倒装：1）在特殊疑问句和一般疑问句中；2）so/neither/nor+do/be/have/情态动词主语；3）当虚拟语气的条件从句中省略 if时，were,had,和 should 应置于句首，采用倒装结构；4）表示祝愿的句子：may+主语+动词原形；5）as,though 引导让步状语从句时：提前部分+as+主语+谓语动词；6）表示否定意义的副词、介词短语和连词词组置于句首；7）当 not until+时间状语从句置于句首时，主句应采用倒装结构，而从句仍用正常语序；8）not onlybut

27、also连接两个句子时，第一个句子采用倒装结构，第二个句子不采用倒装结构；9）no soonertham,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen都表示“一就”，强调过去的两个动作接连发生，当 no sooner,hardly和 scarcely置于句首时，主句常把 had 置于主语之前，采用倒装结构，但从句不倒装。10）only+副词/介词短语/宾语/时间状语从句置于句首时，常采用倒装，但 only+主语则不应采用倒装；11）在 so/suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，将 so+adj./adv.或 such 置于句首时，其主句常采用倒装结构。5.强调句型，感叹句，并列句的应用。6

28、.独立主格结构。1)n+to do;2)n+doing;3)n+done;4)n+prep.+n.;5)n+adj/adv;6)n+n;7)with+n+to do/doing/done/adj/adv/prep+n.1.He said he would do what he could_ us.A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped 2.He spent all the money he had_ that dictionary.A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.bought 3.There are more than three thous

29、and students in my school,most of_ from the country.A.that B.which C.whom D.them 4.It is his cleverness,not his strenth,_ defeated his rival.A.that B.which C.what D.who 5.The way you think of_ our living conditions sounds reasonable.A.improve B.to improve C.improving D.improvement 6.I feel strongly

30、that whatever you_ matter to me.A.dont B.do doesnt C.dont do D.doesnt do 7.Is this school_ you studied in two years ago?A.that B.when C.it D.the one 8.Please tell me the way thought of_ the garden.A.take care of B.to take care of C.taking care of D.how to take care of 9.Mr Wang was much disappointed

31、 to see the washing machine he had had_ went wrong again.A.it repaired B.to be repaired C.repaired D.repairing 10.We will do everything we can_ our city.A.to save B.save C.saving D.saved 11.The air quality in Beijing as well as in the neighboring cities we once spent much time_ better and better.A.i

32、n getting B.having got C.in is getting D.has got 12.Who did the teacher,as well as the monitor,_ an article for the wall newspaper?A.has write B.has written C.have write D.have written 13.What do you consider_ to her?A.to happen B.happening C.happened D.happens 14.Mr Reed made up his mind to devote

33、all he had to_ some schools for poor children.A.set up B.setting up C.have set up D.having set up 15.To his joy,the day he looked forward to_ at last?A.coming B.come C.came D.have come 16.How long do you think it is_ she arrived here?A.when B.that C.before D.since 1-5 BCDAB 6-10 BDBCA 11-16 CCCBCD 第 3讲 一、Language points 1.owe sb sth=owe sth to sb:欠某人某物 owe sth to sb/sth:将归功于 owing to:由于 thanks to/