DES加密解密算法的实现.docx

1、DES加密解密算法的实现 学 院： 计算机工程学院 专 业： 计算机科学与技术 班 级： 09计3W 学 号： * * * * * * * 一、DES算法的简介DES算法的加密解密过程是一种采用传统加密方法的区组密码。它的算法是对称的，既可用于加密又可用于解密。 DES算法的入口参数有三个：Key、Data、Mode。其中Key为8个字节共64位，是DES算法的工作密钥；Data也为8个字节64位，是要被加密或被解密的数据；Mode为DES的工作方式，有两种：加密或解密。 DES算法是这样工作的：如Mode为加密，则用Key 去把数据Data进行加密， 生成Data的密码形式（64位）作为DE

2、S的输出结果；如Mode为解密，则用Key去把密码形式的数据Data解密，还原为Data的明码形式（64位）作为DES的输出结果。在通信网络的两端，双方约定一致的Key，在通信的源点用Key对核心数据进行DES加密，然后以密码形式在公共通信网（如电话网）中传输到通信网络的终点，数据到达目的地后，用同样的Key对密码数据进行解密，便再现了明码形式的核心数据。这样，便保证了核心数据（如PIN、MAC等）在公共通信网中传输的安全性和可靠性。 通过定期在通信网络的源端和目的端同时改用新的Key，便能更进一步提高数据的保密性，这正是现在金融交易网络的流行做法。二、DES算法的实现DES算法把64位的明文

3、输入块变为64位的密文输出块，它所使用的密钥也是64位,其功能是把输入的64位数据块按位重新组合，并把输出分为L0 、R0两部分，每部分各长32位，其置换规则见下表： 58,50,12,34,26,18,10,2,60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4,62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8,57,49,41,33,25,17, 9,1,59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7,即将输入的第58位换到第一位，第50位换到第2位，依此类推，最后

4、一位是原来的第7位。 L0、R0则是换位输出后的两部分，L0是输出的左32位，R0 是右32位，例：设置换前的输入值为D1D2D3D64，则经过初始置换后的结果为：L0=D550D8；R0=D57D49.D7。经过26次迭代运算后，得到L16、R16，将此作为输入，进行逆置换，即得到密文输出。逆置换正好是初始置的逆运算，例如，第1位经过初始置换后，处于第40位，而通过逆置换，又将第40位换回到第1位，其逆置换规则如下表所示：40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32,39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31, 38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30,37,5,45,13,53,21

5、,61,29, 36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28,35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27, 34,2,42,10,50,18,58 26,33,1,41, 9,49,17,57,25, 放大换位表 32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 8, 9, 10,11, 12,13,12,13,14,15,16,17,16,17,18,19,20,21,20,21, 22,23,24,25,24,25,26,27,28,29,28,29,30,31,32, 1, 单纯换位表 16,7,20,21,29,12,28,17, 1,15,23,26, 5,

6、18,31,10, 2,8,24,14,32,27, 3, 9,19,13,30, 6,22,11, 4,25, 在f(Ri,Ki)算法描述图中，S1,S2.S8为选择函数，其功能是把6bit数据变为4bit数据。下面给出选择函数Si(i=1,2.8)的功能表： 选择函数Si S1: 14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7, 0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8, 4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0, 15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13, S

7、2: 15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10, 3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5, 0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15, 13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9, S3: 10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8, 13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1, 13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7, 1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,

8、15,14,3,11,5,2,12, S4: 7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15, 13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9, 10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4, 3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14, S5:2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9, 14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6, 4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14, 1

9、1,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3, S6: 12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11, 10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8, 9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13,11,6, 4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13, S7: 4,11,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1, 13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6, 1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,

10、10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2, 6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12, S8: 13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7, 1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2, 7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6,10,13,15,3,5,8, 2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11, 子密钥Ki(48bit)的生成算法初始Key值为64位，但DES算法规定，其中第8、16、.64位是奇偶校验位，不参与DES运算。故Key 实际可用位数便只有56位

11、。即：经过缩小选择换位表1的变换后，Key 的位数由64 位变成了56位，此56位分为C0、D0两部分，各28位，然后分别进行第1次循环左移，得到C1、D1，将C1（28位）、D1（28位）合并得到56位，再经过缩小选择换位2，从而便得到了密钥K0（48位）。依此类推，便可得到K1、K2、.、K15，不过需要注意的是，16次循环左移对应的左移位数要依据下述规则进行： 循环左移位数1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1 以上介绍了DES算法的加密过程。 DES算法的解密过程是一样的，区别仅仅在于第一次迭代时用子密钥K15，第二次K14、，最后一次用K0，算法本身并没有任何

12、变化。三、加密解密流程图DES算法处理的数据对象是一组64比特的明文串。设该明文串为m=m1m2m64 (mi=0或1)。明文串经过64比特的密钥K来加密，最后生成长度为64比特的密文E。其加密算法和解密算法互逆，下面是加密算法过程流程图：算法加密流程图图上可以看出加密的详细算法，也可以逆过来，就是解密的算法流程图四、设计流程图如下：五、设计代码：#include memory.h#include stdio.henum encrypt,decrypt;/ENCRYPT:加密，DECRYPT：解密void des_run(char out8,char in8,bool type=encrypt

13、);/设置密钥void des_setkey(const char key8);static void f_func(bool in32,const bool ki48);/f函数static void s_func(bool out32,const bool in48);/s盒代替/变换static void transform(bool *out, bool *in, const char *table, int len);static void xor(bool *ina, const bool *inb, int len);/异或static void rotatel(bool *in

14、, int len, int loop);/循环左移/字节组转换成位组static void bytetobit(bool *out,const char *in, int bits);/位组转换成字节组static void bittobyte(char *out, const bool *in, int bits);/置换IP表conststatic char ip_table64=58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2,60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4,62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8,57,49,41,33,2

15、5,17,9,1,59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7;/逆置换IP-1表const static char ipr_table64=40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32,39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31,38,6,46,14,54,22,62,30,37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29,36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28,35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27,34,2,42,10,50,18,58,26,33,1,41,9,49,17,57,25;

16、/E 位选择表static const char e_table48=32,1, 2, 3, 4, 5,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,8, 9, 10,11,12,13,12,13,14,15,16,17,16,17,18,19,20,21,20,21,22,23,24,25,24,25,26,27,28,29,28,29,30,31,32,1;/P换位表const static char p_table32=16,7,20,21,29,12,28,17,1,15,23,26,5,18,31,10,2,8,24,14,32,27,3,9,19,13,30,6,22,11,4,25;/pc1

17、选位表const static char pc1_table56=57,49,41,33,25,17,9,1,58,50,42,34,26,18,10,2, 59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,60,52,44,36,63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7,62,54,46,38, 30,22,14,6,61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,28,20,12,4;/pc2选位表const static char pc2_table48= 14,17,11,24,1,5,3,28, 15,6,21,10,23,19,12,4,26,8,16,7,27,20,13,2,41

18、,52,31,37,47,55,30,40, 51,45,33,48,44,49,39,56, 34,53,46,42,50,36,29,32;/左移位数表const static char loop_table16=1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1;/S盒const static char s_box8416= /s1 14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7, 0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8, 4, 1, 14, 8, 13

19、, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0, 15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13, /s2 15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10, 3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5, 0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15, 13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12,

20、0, 5, 14, 9, /s3 10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8, 13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1, 13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7, 1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12, /s4 7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15, 13, 8, 11

21、, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9, 10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4, 3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14, /s5 2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9, 14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6, 4, 2, 1, 11, 10, 13, 7, 8, 15, 9, 1

22、2, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14, 11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3, /s6 12, 1, 10, 15, 9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11, 10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12, 9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 5, 2, 8, 12, 3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6, 4, 3, 2, 12, 9, 5, 15, 10, 11, 14, 1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13, /s7 4,

23、11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1, 13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6, 1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2, 6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12, /s8 13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7, 1, 15, 13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12

24、, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2, 7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8, 2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11;static bool subkey1648;/16圈子密钥void des_run(char out8,char in8, bool type) static bool m64,tmp32,*li=&m0, *ri=&m32; bytetobit(m,in,64); transform(m,m,ip_table,64); if(ty

25、pe=encrypt) for(int i=0;i=0;i-) memcpy(tmp,li,32); f_func(li,subkeyi); xor(li,ri,32); memcpy(ri,tmp,32); transform(m,m,ipr_table,64); bittobyte(out,m,64);void des_setkey(const char key8) static bool k64, *kl=&k0, *kr=&k28; bytetobit(k,key,64); transform(k,k,pc1_table,56); for(int i=0;i16;i+) rotatel

26、(kl,28,loop_tablei); rotatel(kr,28,loop_tablei); transform(subkeyi,k,pc2_table,48); void f_func(bool in32,const bool ki48) static bool mr48; transform(mr,in,e_table,48); xor(mr,ki,48); s_func(in,mr); transform(in,in,p_table,32);void s_func(bool out32,const bool in48) for(char i=0,j,k;i8;i+,in+=6,out+=4) j=(in01)+in5; k=(in13)+(in22)+(in31)+in4; bytetobit(out,&s_boxijk,4); void transform(bool *out,bool *in,const char *table,int len) static bool tmp256; for(int i=0;ilen;i+) tmpi=intablei-1; memcpy(out,tmp,len);void xor(bool *ina,const bool