人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit4知识点归纳练习.docx

1、人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit4知识点归纳练习人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit4知识点归纳练习一、学习目标谈论问题以及给出建议。Whats wrong?Im really tired because I studied until midnight last night.What should I do?Why dont you forget about it?What should he do?He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry.二、重点、难点重点单词：allow, argue, offer, explain短

2、语：work out, get on with, cut out, compare with句型：（1）Why dont you talk to your parents?（2）Although shes wrong, its not a big deal.（3）He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry.（4）You shouldnt wait until the last minute to study for a test.难点从属连词although, so that, until引导的状语从句。一、单词领读all

3、owv.允许；准许wrongadj.错误的；不对的guessv.猜测；估计dealn.协议；交易relationn.关系；联系；交往communicationn.交流；沟通arguev.争吵；争论cloudn.云；云朵elderadj.年纪较长的insteadadv.代替；反而；却whateverpron.任何；每一nervousadj.焦虑的；担忧的offerv.主动提出；自愿给予properadj.正确地；恰当地secondlyadv.第二；其次communicatev.交流；沟通copyv.复制；复印return v.回来；回去member n.成员；分子 pressure n.压力co

4、mpetev.竞争；对抗opinion n.意见；想法；看法skilln.技艺；技巧typical adj.典型的footballn.足球continue v.持续；继续存在comparev.比较crazy adj.不理智的；疯狂的pushv.推动；移动development n.发展；发育；成长causen.造成；引起usual adj.通常的；寻常的perhapsadv.可能；大概；也许二、重点单词【单词学习】1. allow v. 允许；准许【用法】（1）allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（2）allow （doing） sth. 允许（做）某事（3）be allo

5、wed to do sth. 是allow sb. to do sth.的被动结构，意为：被允许做某事。【例句】His parents dont allow him to go out at night. 他父母不允许他晚上出去。We dont allow eating in the classroom. 我们不允许在教室里吃东西。Students should be allowed to do their homework with their friends. 学生应当被允许和朋友一块做作业。【考题链接】The girls mother doesnt allow her _ TV on s

6、chool nights.A. to watch B. watching C. watch D. watches答案：A思路分析：allow sb. to do sth. 是常用结构，所以后面应用动词不定式形式。句意为“这个女孩的妈妈不允许她上学期间的晚上看电视。”2. argue v. 争吵；争论【用法】常用短语为：argue with sb. 意为“与某人争吵”。【例句】Joe often argues with his classmates. 乔经常与他的同学争吵。【拓展】argument n. 争论；争吵，have an argument with sb. =argue with sb

7、. 【例句】We had an argument with each other last week. = We argued with each other last week.上周我们互相发生了争吵。【考题链接】Who had an argument with your English teacher? （改为同义句）Who _ _ your English teacher?答案：argued with思路分析：have an argument with sb. = argue with sb. 意为“与某人争吵”。3. offer v. 主动提出；自愿给予【用法】offer sb. st

8、h. offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物 offer to do sth. 愿意做某事，主动提出做某事【例句】The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus. = The young man offered his own seat to the old man on the bus. 那个年轻人在公共汽车上将自己的座位让给了那个老人。She offered to help us. 她主动提出要帮助我们。【辨析】offer, provide 二者都可以作动词“提供”讲，但二者所接的成分不同。provide为某人提供

9、某物：provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth【例句】He offered me some money. 他提供给我一些钱。He provided me with some money. 他提供给我一些钱。【考题链接】Newspapers _much useful information every day. When we arrive at a new place, buy a newspaper first.A. offer us B. provide with us C. buy D. provide with答案：A思路分析：由句意“报纸每天

10、给我们提供许多有用的信息”可排除C项，它意为“买”；意为“提供”时，offer后可接双宾语即offer sb. sth.，故选A项。4. explain v. 解释；说明【用法】可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。常构成短语：explain sth. to sb.= explain to sb. sth. 作及物动词时，后可接从句。【例句】Please explain the word in English to me. = Please explain to me the word in English.请用英语向我解释一下这个单词。He made up a story to explain w

11、hy he was late. 他编了一个故事来解释他迟到的原因。【考题链接】After class, I asked the teacher _ that difficult sentence.A. to explain me B. explain me C. to explain to me D. explain to me答案：C思路分析：ask sb. to do sth.是固定结构；故排除B, D两项；explain to sb. sth.是正确用法，故选C项。句意为“下课后，我请老师给我解释一下那个难句”。【即学即练】根据句意以及汉语提示完成单词1. Will you _（允许）

12、me to go to the cinema tonight?2. My sister _（提供） us some information about the travel yesterday.3. Why did they _（争吵） with each other?4. The father doesnt want to listen to his sons _（解释）.答案：1. allow 2. offered 3. argue 4. explanation 三、重点短语【短语学习】1. work out 成功地发展；解决【用法】work out还有“算出；计算出；制定出”之意。它是一

13、个“动词+副词”的短语动词，宾语若是代词，则只能放在work和out之间。【例句】Everything is working out well. 事事都很顺利。We worked out that math problem. 我们计算出了那道数学题。The physics problem is so difficult that I cant work it out. 这道物理题很难以至于我算不出。【考题链接】We didnt plan it like that but it _ very well.A. work out B. working out C. to work out D. wo

14、rked out答案：D思路分析：本句是一个由but连接的并列句，因此前后分句时态应保持一致。前边用的是过去时，故选项D正确。句意为“我们没有计划它能那样，但是却很成功”。2. get on with 和睦相处；关系良好【用法】get on with sb. / sth.=get along with sb./sth. 和某人相处融洽；事情进展get on well with sb./ sth. =get along well with sb./sth. 和某人好好相处；事情进展顺利【例句】Im getting along/ on well with my new classmates. 我和

15、我的新同学相处得融洽。How is Tom getting along/on with his study? 汤姆学习进展怎样？【考题链接】Can you get _ well _ your neighbor?A. on; for B. along; with C. up; with D. along; to答案：B思路分析：get on/ along well with sb. 意为“与某人相处融洽”。句意为“你能和你的邻居好好相处吗？”3. cut out 删除；删去【用法】为动词+副词短语，宾语是代词时，要放在cut和out之间。【例句】Please cut out that sente

16、nce. 请删除那个句子。I dont want you to take part in that activity. Cut it out.我不想让你去参加那个活动。取消吧。【拓展】cut off 切除；cut down 砍倒；cut up切碎【例句】The doctor cut off half of his stomach.医生切除了他一半的胃。Did you cut down that tree? 你砍倒了那棵树吗？Can you help me cut up the onion? 你能帮助我切碎那个洋葱吗？【考题链接】Yesterday my father _ all of my p

17、hotos by mistake.A. cut up B. cut down C. cut off D. cut out答案：D思路分析：A项意为“切碎”；B项意为“砍倒”；C项意为“切除”；D项意为“删除；删去”。句意为“昨日我爸爸错误地把我所有的照片都删除了”，故选D项。4. compare with 比较；对比【用法】compareto把比作compared to /with与相比【例句】If you compare his work with hers, youll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的比他的好得多。Shakespe

18、are compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。Compared with /to him, Im just a beginner. 和他相比，我只是一个初学者。【考题链接】We often _ trees _ pollution fighters.A. compare; with B. compare; to C. compared with D. compared to答案：B思路分析：根据题干“我们经常”可知其后用动词原形；句意为“我们经常把树木比作环卫战士”，故选B项。【即学即练】根据汉语意思完成句子1. 这道数学题太难，所以我无法把它演算

19、出来。The maths problem is very difficult, so I cant _ it _.2. 这些女孩子很容易相处。These girls are easy to _ _ _.3. 你经常拿自己和他人作对比吗？Do you often _ yourself _ others?4. 爸爸帮我删除许多条短信。Father helped me _ _ many messages.答案：1. work; out 2. get on/ along with 3. compare; with 4. cut out四、重点句型【句型学习】1. Why dont you talk t

20、o your parents? 你为什么不和父母谈一谈呢？【句析】本句含有Why dont you +do ?，意为“你为什么不做什么呢？”，相当于why not +do? ，是一个否定疑问句，不表示疑问，而表示向对方提出一种建议或咨询某种原因，暗含不同意对方而略带责备之意。【例句】Why dont you go there and have a look? = Why not go there and have a look?你为何不去那儿看看？【考题链接】This book is a bit difficult. _ read something easier?All right.A. W

21、hy not to B. Why dont C. Why dont you D. Why not you答案：C思路分析：因为Why dont you ? = Why not ?，后接动词原形；再浏览各选项，A项多to；B项少you；D项不正确。2. Although shes wrong, its not a big deal. 尽管她是错了，但是没什么大不了的。【句析】（1）本句是复合句，although引导的是让步状语从句。although虽然；尽管；即使，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。与but不能同时用在一个句子中。【例句】Although the sun is shinnin

22、g, its not warm today. 虽然阳光照耀，但是今天不暖和。（2）deal n. 协议；交易，a big deal 大事；重要的事；a great/ good deal of 许多，后面接不可数名词。deal v. 处理，构成短语deal with 处理；对付【例句】Just forget it. Its not a big deal. 算了吧。没什么大不了的。 He spent a great/ good deal of money on it. 他花了很多钱在这上面。How shall we deal with this matter? 我们将如何处理这件事？【考题链接】1

23、. I really enjoyed your lecture, _ there were some parts I didnt quite understand.A. because B. unless C. although D. after答案：C思路分析：根据空前后的意思可知用“虽然；尽管；即使”；句意为“我真的喜欢你的演讲，尽管有几处我不是很明白”。A项意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；B项意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句；D项意为“在后”，引导时间状语从句。2. 这次考试不及格也没什么大不了的。Its _ _ _ _ to fail the exam.答案：not a big

24、deal3. He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry. 他应当和他的朋友谈谈以便于他能说抱歉。【句析】本句是复合句，含有so that引导的目的状语从句。so that 以便于，相当于in order that，引导目的状语从句，句中常伴有情态动词。【例句】Hes studying hard so that he can pass the exam. 他正在努力学习以便能通过考试。【考题链接】Mr. Green speaks very loudly _ all the people can hear him clear

25、ly.A. so that B. because C. when D. until答案：A思路分析：A项意为“以便于”；B项意为“因为”；C项意为“当的时候”；D项意为“到时；直到为止”；句意为“格林先生说话声音很大目的是为了所有人都能清晰地听到”，故选A项。4. You shouldnt wait until the last minute to study for a test.你不应该等到最后一分钟才去准备考试。【句析】本句是含有until引导的时间状语的简单句。在本句中，until是介词。until可作连词，引导时间状语从句。用在肯定句中，意为“直到为止”，主句中的动词用延续性动词；用

26、在否定句中，构成not until，意为“直到才”，主句中动词用短暂性动词。【例句】I stayed there until he came back. 我一直呆到他回来为止。I didnt leave until he came back. 我直到他回来才离开。【考题链接】Please hold on to your dream _one day it comes true. A. if B. until C. unless D. though 答案：B思路分析：if意为“如果；是否”；B项意为“直到为止；直到才”；unless意为“如果不；除非”；D项意为“虽然；尽管”；根据句意“请坚持你

27、的梦想，一直到实现的那天”可知B项符合句意。【即学即练】1. The boy can speak both English and Japanese _ he was only ten. Wow, what a clever boy! A. if B. because C. although D. since2. I wont visit my daughter _ she finishes her exam.A. when B. after C. until D. unless3. Susan, what are the advantages of MP5 players? Mom, the

28、y are smaller and lighter _ they can be carried very easily. A. unless B. if C. until D. so that答案：13 C C D思路分析：1. 根据答语“多聪明的一个男孩”和“这男孩会说英语和日语”可知“尽管”他只有十岁，故选C项。A项意为“如果；是否”；B项意为“因为”；D项意为“自从”，均不符题意。2. A项意为“当时候”；B项意为“在之后“；C项意为“直到为止”；D项意为“如果不；除非”；句意为“我将直到我女儿考完试才去看她”。只有C项与句意相符。3. 根据“它们又小又轻”可知“目的为了容易携带”，故选

29、D项。【课文领读】Section B 2bMaybe You Should Learn to Relax!These days, Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes. Many of them are learning exam skills so that they can get into a good high school and later a good university. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. However, this doesnt only happen in China.The Taylors are a typical American family. Life for Cathy