中考英语 阅读理解技巧复习.docx

1、中考英语 阅读理解技巧复习2019-2020年中考英语 阅读理解技巧复习 阅读理解题主要是考查学生实际运用语言的能力，是各类英语测试中必考的一种重要的测试题型，而且一般在试卷中所占比重较大。其考查的方式一般采取选择题、判断正误(T/F)、回答问题或改写成完形填空等几种形式。 阅读理解题的题材涉及科普、社会、政治、经济、文化等。体裁富于变化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。考生要想做好阅读理解题，一般来说，考生应从以下几个方面考虑：一、快速浏览，辨别文体，掌握结构，抓住话题，了解主旨大意中考阅读理解题要求考生在有限的时间内读完5篇左右的短文，并要回答20个左右的问题，所以根本不能也没必要仔细阅读每

2、一篇短文。当然，快速浏览时要特别注意短文的首段。一篇文章的主旨大意往往就在这里。当然，考生还要通过首句或末句抓住每段的大意，紧扣每段中的关键词语，迅速把握短文的主旨大意以及短文主要信息的分布。“No man is an island”is a well-known line from John Donnes Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely isolated life. Without ot

3、her people, life became empty and sad. We all need to have friends.(广州市)( )64.The best title for this passage should be . A. How to Make Friends B. A Famous BookC. About Friendship D. John Donne and Dale Carnegie通过文章的首句和末句，考生不难选出A作为最佳答案。二、了解考查内容，带着问题读短文，寻找答案考生在掌握短文的主旨大意之后，应认真阅读题目，准确理解题意及其范围，然后到短文中寻找

4、相关语句或段落。PDAs are very useful. They are like small computers. You can put a lot of informatiuon into them. For example, you can put in telephone numbers and e-mail addresses. Many people use PDAs to remember important dates. Some of these super machines can even send and receive e-mails. (南宁市)( )37.

5、The passage does not say a PDA can . A. send e-mails B. remember information C. talk to you D. do some things like a computer 通过分析四个选择支，考生不难发现A、B、D分别体现在文章最后一句、第三句和第二句。故本题应选C。三、认真斟酌，透过表层结构，领会其深层涵义 找到相关语句或段落后，考生要对所选答案有针对性地寻找支撑论点的关键信息，弄清楚短文中的一些重要事实或细节，因为它们是作者得出结论或阐明论点的依据。考生要对这一部分内容仔细阅读，反复推敲，从而保证对这一细节的正

6、确理解。InSriLanka,whenthefirstwaveshit,thousandsofchildrencametotheseaside.Thewavesbroughtinfish.Theoldandtheyoungcollectedthem.Manywaitedformore.“Theygotcaughtandcouldnotruntosafety.Thisisthereasonwhysomanychildrenhavedied,”saidapolicespokesmaninSriLanka. (盐城市)( )73.Manychildrendiedintsunamisbecause_.

7、A. theywereneartheseaeveryday B.theydidntknowwhentorunawayC.theywerewaitingtocollectfish D.theywereplayingonthesand考生初一看，A、B、C、D四个选择支在文中均提到，但只要仔细推敲一下那位警察发言人的话，就可以确定C为最佳答案。四、筛选、比较、衡量、综合文章的有用信息，确定最佳答案做完一篇短文后面的所有题目后，考生要对照短文内容通盘考虑，充分分析前后的内在联系，理顺全文的逻辑关系，从而尽可能可以减少错误或疏漏。One autumn afternoon The fifth hurri

8、cane（飓风）of the year - Hurricane Paula, which was moving at a speed of more than thirty-five miles an hour, did hit Pohawk. This time it lasted nearly five hours and killed at least 2637 men, women and children. The list of missing people got longer every day. Nearly half of the people of Pohawk were

9、 missing. It destroyed（摧毁）everything in the town and caused great floods turning the small town into island. The top of the hotel disappeared and so did the great mansion（大厦）.The radio tower had fallen on Pohawks only factory and cut it in half. (泰州市)( )61. The passage mainly tells us _ _. A. the gr

10、eat number of the lost people B. the great speed of Hurricane Paula C. the great damage caused by Hurricane Paula D. the great floods caused by a hurricane 综合分析文中所提供的信息：飓风的巨大风速、死亡的人数、巨大的财产损失等，考生便可找出C为最佳答案。2019-2020年中考英语 阅读题型一 完形填空 01 命题趋势 考标导向化1.考查内容完形填空是全国各省、地、市中考的必考题型，在中考英语试卷中一般占总分的10%15%。从近几年的中考命

11、题趋势来看，完形填空基本上遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的设计思路，注重测试考生运用所学的知识，对文章提供的信息进行逻辑推理、分析归纳的综合能力。完形填空考查考生对语法、词汇、句型、句式、词语惯用法等的掌握情况，特别是考查动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词，此外还有状语从句的连接词、词组搭配及常用的词语、冠词、不定代词等。2.考查难度完形填空题型综合性较高，难度较大。具体地说，虽然完形填空首句不挖空，但是四个选项(个别试题给出三个选项)都有较强的迷惑性和干扰性，同时命题者加大了句子层次和语篇层次设空所占的比例，有些后置性设空的难度也较大，有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现，因此区分度较高。3.试题

12、特点完形填空的基本设计形式都是从一篇短文中抽走1015处，形成空白。可以说完形填空是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解，试题特点也逐渐出现了“情景推理多，语法选项少”的趋势。近年中考英语完形填空试题中，完全根据语法知识进行选择的很少。有的题目，既考查语法知识，也考查意义选择，而且淡化语法知识，侧重根据文章内容确定答案的“情景意义”选择几乎已经覆盖了完形填空的全部试题。预计2015年中考完形填空题将继续体现“突出语篇”的命题原则，即“意义填空逐步取代语法填空”，题材和体裁的选取会更加生活化、多样化，选材内容新颖，时代感强，更加注重贴近学生的生活实际

13、。加大对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查，将是中考完形填空的命题趋势。02 方法归纳 能力提升化1.重视首句，把握开篇完形填空一般无标题，首句通常不挖空，是完整的一句。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，同时可预测文章的主旨和大意。 2.通读全文，掌握大意解题前，要快速通读全文，了解文章的基本内容和整体结构。首先要跳过空白处，通读全文，遇到对意思理解不透的地方时，仍要快速阅读下去，不要把时间浪费在对个别字句的推敲上，应全力以赴捕捉可能获得的所有信息，尽快了解文章大意，弄清楚文章中涉及的 “W”,即：who (人物)，what (事件)，when (时间)，where (地点)，why (

14、原因)，whose(相互关系)。切忌看一空填一空，以免断章取义，误解作者的本意。3.瞻前顾后，逐步填空“瞻前顾后”，即答题时要回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白处待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，通过择优法或排除法最后确定答案。4.抓住关键词，根据上下文解题 解题时，要善于发现文章中起重要作用的关键词、短语或句子，以便准确了解所提问题的特定语境以及语篇中的内在关系，做到言之有据。比如文章的第一句、每段的第一句和最后一句等，它们往往是全文或全段的主题句，通过它们可以知道文章的题材、大意、时间、人物和事件等。5.复读全文，验证答案 把填好的短文通读一遍，将不

15、合题意的答案调整或修改；如果实在无法确定，可以作推理性猜测，不可放弃不填。进行核查同时注意以下三点：(1)上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。(2)语法和惯用法及习惯搭配，甚至从语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。(3)段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。03 整合集训 反馈层级化记叙篇A(2014镇江)Recently，I felt like I reached a very low point in life. My relationships werent good，I wasnt enjoying my classes，and I felt like I had n

16、othing to 1 .My life seemed to be full of endless homework，tests and loneliness. Nothing anyone said seemed 2 to me. I wasnt sure what to do about myself. All I wanted was to be happy again，but I didnt know who or what would 3 that.During these days，I had trouble sleeping. I had to take sleeping pil

17、ls but still woke up in the midnight. I had no 4 but to tell my dad. He 5 the book The Secret. I immediately bought the e-book online and read the whole thing that night. Im 6 quite a stubborn person，but the effect on my mood after finishing the book was 7 .Suddenly，I felt like life was beautiful ag

18、ain. I had never felt such a deep and quick 8 in my life before.In fact，the books message was very simplethink positively(积极地).The book had many success stories about how people were able to 9 money，soul mates(心灵伙伴)and old friends back into their lives.I started learning to thank everything in my li

19、fe like them.Little by little，I realized that The Secret could only work 10 I believed these peoples success stories.Now Im sure I can bring myself happiness.( )1.A.take care of B.come up withC.look down on D.look forward to( )2.A.helpful B.colourfulC.peaceful D.powerful( )3.A.serve B.offerC.answer

20、D.prevent( )4.A.problem B.ideaC.need D.doubt( )5.A.borrowed B.collectedC.returned D.recommended( )6.A.normally B.mainlyC.finally D.probably( )7.A.realistic B.commonC.obvious D.serious( )8.A.breath B.noticeC.surprise D.change( )9.A.attract B.controlC.imagine D.mention( )10.A.until B.whenC.unless D.be

21、foreB(2014安徽)Once there lived a farmer called Henry. He had a brother，Mike，in town who was an excellent gardener. His skill and his beautiful trees were 1 everywhere.One day，Henry went to town to visit Mike.“Look，my brother，”said Mike，“Here is the best 2 tree from my garden.Take it home and 3 it so

22、that you，and your children，and your childrens children can enjoy it.”Henry was 4 with the apple tree and went back home.The next morning，he began to 5 where he should plant it.“If I plant it on the hill，”said he to himself，“the wind might catch it and 6 down the fruit;If I plant it close to the road

23、，people who pass by will pick some of them;But if I plant it”7 he planted the tree in the corner behind his house，where no one else could notice it.But the tree bore(结出)no fruit the first year，nor the second.Then Henry sent for his brother and said to him 8 ，“You have cheated me.This is the third ye

24、ar and it brings me 9 but leaves.”When Mike saw where the tree was planted，he laughed and said，“You have planted the tree in such a cold corner without 10 or warmth.How，then，could you expect flowers and fruit?”( )1.A.simple B.famousC.similar D.common( )2.A.pear B.grapeC.apple D.banana( )3.A.sell B.w

25、ashC.hide D.plant( )4.A.tired B.patientC.pleased D.popular( )5.A.learn B.wonderC.realize D.understand( )6.A.put B.cutC.push D.shake( )7.A.Finally B.FirstlyC.Luckily D.Certainly( )8.A.happily B.angrilyC.kindly D.carelessly( )9.A.nothing B.somethingC.everything D.anything( )10.A.air B.earthC.water D.s

26、unlightC(2014河南)“Its raining cats and dogs!” Grandpa shouted.Little Richie came running to the window. He wanted to see the 1 falling from the sky.He looked out of the window，but it was 2 that there were no cats or dogs.He only saw small pools of water on the ground.“Man，its really coming down out t

27、here!” Uncle Bob agreed 3 he looked out of the window，too. Richie scratched his head(挠头).What was coming down? First they talked about cats and dogs that 4 be seen. Now someone said “it”.What was going on with these 5 ?“Wow!” Aunt Susie shouted as she looked out of the window.“Its raining really har

28、d.”Richie 6 his aunt.“Its raining hard，” he agreed，“but 7 are the cats and dogs?”Grandpa laughed.“ Richie，that just 8 its raining really hard.”“So why didnt you just say that?” Richie 9 .It was irritating(恼人的)when people spoke like they were not speaking English at all.“We did.You just didnt underst

29、and these 10 .” Richies cousin said with a big smile.“Well，now I do.” Richie said.( )1.A.tigers and lions B.pigs and sheepC.cats and dogs D.chickens and ducks( )2.A.important B.possibleC.necessary D.strange( )3.A.unless B.afterC.till D.though( )4.A.couldnt B.shouldntC.neednt D.mustnt( )5.A.days B.an

30、imalsC.ideas D.people( )6.A.shouted at B.looked atC.laughed at D.pointed at( )7.A.what B.howC.where D.who( )8.A.explains B.provesC.means D.shows( )9.A.ordered B.thoughtC.repeated D.asked( )10.A.sayings B.questionsC.objects D.stories说明篇A(2014曲靖)In some science fiction movies，people in the future have

31、 their own robots.These robots are just like humans.They help with the housework and do the most 1 jobs.Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future.However，they agree it may take hundreds of years.Scientists are now trying to make robots look like people and 2 the same things as us.Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance.This kind of robot will also be fun to watch.But robot scientist James White disagrees.He thinks that it will be 3 for a