兰州大学大学英语1考前辅导.docx

1、兰州大学大学英语1考前辅导兰州大学2013年3月大学英语（1）考前辅导（教师：彭天蜀）一、大学英语（1）考试简介为了进一步提高兰州大学英语教育的质量，有效推动大学英语教学大纲的贯彻执行，同时能够准确实现对大学生的英语能力的客观、准确的测量，掌握同学们的英语学习水平及应用能力，本次考试从基本知识和应用能力的角度要求考生应掌握基本的英语词汇、语音知识和语法知识，具备灵活运用英语语言技巧进行简单写作基本能力等。本试卷共有五道大题，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。相关题型和考点涉及到单词语音辨析、词汇与结构、不同类型的文字材料阅读、完形填空及作文等几个部分的能力考查。二、本次考试题型构成介绍 语音辨析

2、（Phonetics）：要求从所给的四个单词的字母或字母组合中，找到与另外三个字母或字母组合发音不同的那个。该部分包括10个小题，均为选择题，共10分。 词汇与语法 (Vocabulary and Structure): 该部分着重考察考生对基本词汇和语法知识的掌握，包括15个小题，均为选择题，共30分。 阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)：该部分短文的类型涉及应用文、描述文、记叙文、说明文或议论文等，着重考查考生对文章主旨大意和具体信息的理解能力及根据上下文推测词义的能力。试部分包括2篇短文，每篇短文后各有5个问题，均为选择题，共计30分。 完形填空 (Cloze)：

3、该部分要求考生首先理解中文句子与句子及各不同部分之间的联系，并在此基础上运用所学的语法、词汇、惯用法知识及常识等做出选择。该部分着重考查考生对英文原句的理解及翻译能力。该部分包括一篇150词左右的短文，文中留有10个空，每个空有4个选项供考生选择，共计10分。 写作 (Writing): 该部分要求考生完成一篇约120个单词的命题作文。该部分着重考查考生的英语写作能力，共计20分。三、大学英语（1）应试策略指导1. 语音辨析（Phonetics）比如题目：A. known B. shown C. thrown D. brown我们来进一步分析题目，发现都是关于ow的字母组合，那么同学们可以依次

4、分析每个单词中ow的发音，很明显，known nn；shown n ； thrown run ；brown bran ，通过对比分析，只有D选项的ow字母组合发音不同于A、B、C选项，其它几个单词都发了这个音，所以应该选D。再比如，A. plant B. craft C. grasp D. at同理，我们分析可知，是关于字母a的发音辨析。通过对比音标知道，B、C、D的a都发了这个音，而D的a发音为，所以答案为A。解题提示：关于语音辨析题目，可以和记忆单词相结合，在平时记忆单词的时候，更多关注一些字母或字母组合的发音，特别是一些比较特殊的语音现象。只有功夫下到了平时，到考试时就可以相对轻松一点。

5、下面给出一些练习题，同学们可以试着去完成它们，同时丰富自己的语音知识。1. A. sweater B. meant C. pleasure D. pleased 2. A. drunk B. dusty C. duty D. drug 3. A. attention B. action C. question D. revolution 2. 词汇与语法 (Vocabulary and Structure)比如题目，Which is _ country, Canada or Russia?A. a larger B. larger C. the larger D. the largest 解题

6、分析：本题涉及形容词比较级和定冠词、冠词用法考查。本句大意为：加拿大或俄罗斯，哪个国家更大呢？ 通过语境的理解可以知道，本题的核心含义是确立正确的比较级表达方式，即如何正确表示“更大”这个意思。分析选项，因为D选项是largest，是large的最高级，而本题只有二者的比较，所以直接排除；另外，本题中的两个国家Canada or Russia都是特指的，所以前面应该用定冠词the，结合本题，排除A、B，本题选C。 再比如，After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town _ he grew as a chi

7、ld A. which B. that C. where D. when解题分析： 首先浏览四个选项，确立考点为定语从句关系词的正确使用。再阅读题目涉及的context（语境），本题说：在巴黎生活了近50年后，他回到了他曾经长大的小镇。很明显，the small town为先行词，后面he grew as a child，为一个定语从句，结合填空处的关系副词，形成完整的定语从句契合结构。根据语境含义，应该有where做为关系副词，表达“成长的地点”。而which、that为关系代词，when虽未关系副词，但表达含义是“当时候”，与本题不符。综上所述，本题选C。相关练习：1. Two amazi

8、ng central parks _ in the past four years.A. are built B. have been built C. would be built D. are building 2. He has a lot of experience and we should _ it A. communicate with B. look after C. make use of D. join in3. The reason _ he didnt go to school yesterday was _ he was illA. why；that B. that；

9、because C. that；that D. for which；what3. 阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)阅读理解的文章一般包括以下几类文体：说明文、应用文和论述文等。不同的文体有不同的写作要求、不同的谋篇布局的方法，因此针对不同的文章，阅读的方法也是有所不同的。一般来说，要旨题和观点态度题属于从宏观方面考察的题型，要求考生能够准确把握文章的中心思想，迅速将整篇文章分解，理出文章结构；其余则属于细节考察的题型，问题涉及文章中的具体单词、句子和上下文，要求考生能在快速阅读中准确查找到所需的信息，成为解题的最直接根据。本次考试包括2篇短文，着重考察考生能否运用有效的

10、阅读方法，了解文章的大意，并快速查找到具体的信息。在阅读文章之前，考生应先看一下所问的5个问题，以至于带着问题、有目的地阅读。在解答的注意事项上，切忌不要用自己的经验或逻辑去回答问题；一定要尊重原文、忠实原文。举例来看，When I arrived, it was early morning and it was raining. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a path. In the east, the sky was becoming light, but beside the path, it w

11、as still very dark. I knew it was there, but there was nothing to see.After about a kilometer, a stranger appeared in front of me. “Am I going the right way?” I asked. He knew where I was going. “Yes,” he replied. “Youll get there in five minutes.” Finally, I came to some rocks, and stopped. I looke

12、d carefully over them, but it was still too dark to see anything.Suddenly, the clouds cleared and the rain stopped. The sun rose behind me and beyond the rocks. I saw that the ground fell away and down to a river, far below me. I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷), one of the wonders of the na

13、tural world.I looked down to the Colorado River about 2 kilometers below me. If you put three tallest buildings in the world at the bottom of the canyon, they still wont reach the top. Then I looked across to the other side of the canyon. How far is it? Its 20 kilometers, maybe more. Finally, I look

14、ed to my left and to my right, and on both sides of the canyon disappeared into the distanceover 400 kilometers long. The Grand Canyon is not just big. Its huge!That morning on the edge of the canyon. I asked myself a question. Its not “How deep is it?” or “How wide is it?” or “How long is it?” but

15、“Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?” I know the answer. But what do you think? 1. The passage may come from _.A. a guidebook B. a grammar book C. a diary D. a dictionary 解题分析：题干内容表述精炼，只有几个词，但一定要抓住关键词“passage”和“come from”,可以知道题目在测试文章的类型和来源。 通读全文，可知作者的口气和表述都是关于the G

16、rand Canyon（介绍世界奇观美国科罗拉多大峡谷），讲述了整个自己经历的整个过程，特别是结尾之处更是用一种和读者交流的口吻，表达了自己的观点以及希望得到读者响应的态度，“Is the Grand Canyon the greatest wonder anywhere in the natural world?” I know the answer. But what do you think? 。 因此本文是日记的一部分，结合本题，选C。2. The writer was facing to the _ on the edge of the Grand Canyon.A. west B.

17、 north C. east D. south 解题分析：本题考查在文章基本定位的基础上，进行简单的方位判断的能力。我们采用回归定位的阅读方法，阅读和定位文章第三段： The sun rose behind me 、“I was on the edge of the Grand Canyon, one of the wonders of the natural world.”以上信息表明两点：第一，作者的方位“on the edge of the Grand Canyon”；第二，作者的朝向“The sun rose behind me”，可以明确作者一定是面朝西边的，结合本题，选A。剩下的题

18、目，同学们可以做个自我测试（just try）：3. The writer asked himself a question about the Grand Canyon, “_”A. How deep is it? B. How wide is it? C. How long is it? D. Is it the greatest wonder? 4. According to the passage, which sentence is not right?A. The Grand Canyon is taller than three tallest buildings in the

19、world.B. The Grand Canyon is much longer than 400 kilometers.C. The Colorado River was about 2 kilometers below the writer.D. The writer thinks the Colorado River is the greatest wonder of natural world. 5.The writers purpose in writing this passage is_.A. to give facts about the Grand CanyonB. to t

20、ell how he feels about the Grand CanyonC. to describe the Grand CanyonD. to tell people to visit the Grand Canyon 4. 完形填空 (Cloze)完形填空题的本质是选择最恰当的单词或词组完成文章。该提醒主要考查考生综合运用语言的能力，包括对整篇文章大意的理解及对词汇和语法项目的全面掌握，是一种为障碍性阅读。该部分要求考生首先要通读全文，在了解全文大意的基础上，按照先后顺序分析每道题所给的选项，从句意、语法、惯用法等方法综合考虑，做出正确的选择。完形填空题的主要考点有：词义与词形的辨析

21、；逻辑关系；结构识别；固定搭配；动词的用法；介词的用法等。核心背景是在具体的语境中灵活运用语言知识的能力。下面我们用具体的例子来讲解，These days it is found that school students hardly have any sports. Is it because they have no 36 in sports? It may not be true. They often say they have 37 more important things to do.What are these important things? Exams! They hav

22、e to get themselves ready for all kinds of exams and tests in school, so many of them almost _38_ bookworms. In the past in the summer holidays, they could do _39_ they like, but now they have to spend all their free time preparing for exams. So 40 have kept them away going in for sports.Because of

23、the pressure (压力)from their parents and teachers, they have to work harder and spend most of their time 41 books. As for the students themselves, they dont want to fail the exams because they want to continue their 42 studies. So it becomes necessary to give 43 of their spare time to their studies a

24、nd 44 up their school sports.It is true that a good education cannot go without physical training, and the same is true that a quick mind hardly goes along without _45_ body. Without a strong body, you can never do anything well, then how can you make great success in life? 文章分析：首先，通读文章获取主要意义。本文主要讲述

25、了反映了当今教育弊端，学生缺少睡眠、缺少体育锻炼，影响身心的健康发展。有了这样的总体思想和文章的方向性再去解题是一个正确解题的前奏。下面我们来分析部分解题思路： 36. A. interested B. interesting C. interests D. interest 本题考查名词的可数性。interest表示“兴趣”，为不可数名词。在本题语境中，have no interest in 表示“对不感兴趣”。No后面应该为名词性成分，直接排除主动和被动形容词，选D。37. A. very B. much C. another D. most Much和比较级用法契合考查。Much可以直接

26、加比较级，如much better，也可以加多音节词的比较级，如本题的much more important，表示“更重要”的意思，结合本题，选B。38. A. turn B. look C. become D. grow 语境含义考查。本题语境说，学生最主要的事情就是考试，无止尽的考试，那么他们势必变成书虫或书呆子，结合本题，此处应该选择适当含义的实意动词，选C。剩下的题目，同学们可以亲自动手去尝试完成，一定能领略到其中的乐趣。39. A. anything B. all what C. something D. nothing40. A. teachers B. parents C. ho

27、lidays D. studies41. A. on B. at C. in D. to42. A. farther B. far C. further D. furthest43. A. few B. any C. all D. none44. A. take B. give C. put D. send45. A. strong B. ill C. weak D. heavy5. 写作 (Writing):该部分的命题形式多为中文提纲式或英文段首式或传统的直接命题作文。文体多为记叙文、议论文和应用文等。写作时要主要注意以下几点： 明确字数要求：约120个单词； 明晰结构要求：一定要分段，一

28、般分三段，突出重点，首尾呼应； 在写作过程中尽量使用简单句和词汇，避免拼写错误。 内容必须要切题、表达清楚、写作前应该先有个提纲。当今适当，是一个协作的时代，很多事情不是一个人能够独立完成的，所以我们要有团队精神，懂得合作、善于合作！同学们可以“Cooperate with Others”为题来练习写作，写作时注意以上几个提示。6. 关键词汇（Key Words and Expressions）打仗要有弹药，英语考试也必须有一定的词汇量，这些词汇可以供同学们平时参考，提高自己的阅读能力和写作能力。Sweaterrevolution meant throwncountrycentral parkagainstsmoothlyexperiencecharminglyTry toSuddenlyKilometerAppearwhat do you thinkdiary wonderThroughoutthe sameasevolutionarypercentscientific researchcriticizeimportanta strong bodycooperate with sb最后祝同学们考试顺利！同学们的成功是老师最大的成就！而这就是，Penguin的梦想. 教师：彭天蜀 Penguin的梦想 2013.1