高考语法填空题解题技巧与专项试题练习高考新题型专练.docx

1、高考语法填空题解题技巧与专项试题练习高考新题型专练 2014高考语法填空题解题技巧与专项试题练习 2014年英语高考大纲最重要的变化就是题型有重大调整，取消原来的15道单选题，新增10道语法填空题，分值不变总分仍为15分。 同样都是考语法知识，但单选和语法填空题却有很大不同。语法填空题是给出200字左右的一段短文或对话，段落中给出10个填空，其中填空是给出一个单词，填写它的正确词形，如形容词的比较级等，其余填空是结合上下文直接填词，这要求考生既要掌握熟练的语法知识，还要有一定的语言阅读能力。从单选题那种单独句子中的单独的语法考核，到短文中的语法实际应用，此次题型转变得更加灵活。针对语法填空题如

2、何复习，奇速英语名师提醒考生，应继续进行语法知识的复习，加强对词汇本身用法，如主、被、动，固定短语搭配，冠词、连词等运用进行复习。下面从考纲解读、应试点睛、专题训练三个方面进行详细说明： 【考纲解读】 语法填空是考查“词法与句法知识”的项目。词法部分侧重考查动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、冠词、代词、并列连词、形容词与副词、介词等； 句法部分侧重考查定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、强调句型、倒装、省略句等。试题本着“突出语境、重在运用、符合表达、体现能力”的原则，强调语法知识在具体语境中的运用，因此掌握一定的文化背景、揣摩说话人的意图成了解决语法填空的关键。【应试点睛】1.要仔

3、细阅读题干，抓住关键词，捕捉句中隐含信息。题干中的关键词或关键符号具有提示信息的作用，一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新，所以考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。例1.Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.Atradition Bbalance Cconcern DRelationship解析 A考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们办公室有一个传统，那就是在某一个人过生日时，那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和

4、大家一起分享。tradition传统； balance平衡； concern关心； relationship关系。根据句意可知选A。2灵活采用还原法(把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再选择就容易多了)、归类法(根据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提高做题的速度和确保准确性)、推理法(根据前后文进行逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入的情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，进行综合判断)、排除法(对于难度较大的题要逐个试填，最后，选取最符合语境的选项)等做题方法。例2. I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ah

5、ad come Bwas coming Cwould come Dwould have come解析 D似乎本题与虚拟语气不沾边，但是我们把“but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.”变化一下就成了“if I had known that they were waiting for me.”这样我们就知道，本空是虚拟语气的主句，与过去事实相反。3. 多从交际的角度，即上下文的情景考虑问题，不要单一地局限于某项语法理论。近年来，高考题重视考查学生的语言实践能力，将语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境中进行考查，这是近年来高考英语改革的一个方向。所

6、以考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观，不能顾此失彼，只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。例3. If you _ smoke, please go outside.Acan Bshould Cmust Dmay解析 C句意：如果你非要吸烟，请到外面去。考查情态动词的用法。can能够；should应该；must非要，偏要；may可以。根据语境可知选C。4.高考中的单选考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高，尤其要引起重视的是动词、动词短语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。例4. The exam results

7、will be _ on Friday afternoon.Aput down Bput off Cput up Dput away解析 C句意：考试结果会在周五的下午被张贴出来。本题考查动词短语用法辨析。A项意为“放下，镇压”，B项意为“推迟，阻止”，C项意为“张贴，举起，建造”，D项意为“收好，储存”。故选C。5.对于含插入成分的句子，要抓住主干，排除冗余信息。例5.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._， wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwise

8、 BIf not CBut for that DIf so解析 D句意：听起来好像车的发动机出了问题。如果那样的话，我们最好立即把它送到修理厂。本题考查省略。otherwise在其他方面，否则；if not如果不这样的话，否则； but for that要不是那样的话； if so如果那样的话。根据句意应选D。【专题展示】（1）短文体One of my fathers favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldnt say I didnt like something, 2 it might be, until afte

9、r I tried it. Over the years Ive come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career (职业). 4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few ye

10、ars, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didnt think the job I took mattered that much. I couldnt 6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new o

11、pportunity with the thought, “Well, Ill try it; 9 I dont like it I can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years.短文中设有10个空，其中7个给出了提示词，考生需要根据句意使用恰当的词填空，且词性和词形要正确；另外3个空没有给出任何提示，考生需要根据语篇逻辑填空；填入的单词数量不得多于3个。各题答案如下：1. sayings 2. whatever 3. acceptance

12、 4. Actually 5. married 6. have been 7. beginning 8. different 9. if 10. earlier（2）对话体Mum: (putting on her coat) Im going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.Alan: Why?Mum: Im not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone.

13、But someone must have taken them because theyre 3 (go).Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. Im sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early).Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldnt have done it. 6 , he couldnt carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis s

14、tuff, so Im sure 7 wasnt him.Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasnt me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge?Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10 . Now, why did I pu

15、t on my coat?对话中设有10个空，其中5个给出了提示词，考生需要根据句意使用恰当的词填空；另外5个没有给出任何提示，考生需要根据语篇逻辑填空；填入的单词数量不得多于3个。各题答案如下： 1.happened 2.when 3. gone 4. earlier 5. making 6. Anyway 7. it 8. the 9. must have put 10. mind/memory【专题训练】(一)Elevenyearold Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system. The doctors

16、 did not hold out much hope of her ever recovering 1._ this illness. They predicted shed spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair. 2._ Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again someday. The doctors were charmed by her 3._ (defeatable) spirit. They taught her about im

17、agingabout seeing herself 4._ (walk)Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(治疗), lying there faithfully doing her imaging, visualizing herself moving, moving, moving!One day, 5._ she was straining all her might to imagine her legs moving again, 6._ seemed as though a miracle happen

18、ed: the bed moved! She screamed out, “Look, what I 7._ (do)! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved! I moved！” Of course, 8._ this very moment everyone else in the hospital was screaming, too. It was the San Francisco earthquake. But dont tell 9._ to Angela. She was 10._(convince) that she did it. And now

19、 only a few years later, she was back in school on her own two feet. No walking sticks, no wheelchair.【要点综述】 靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃，一次地震让她觉得是她自己的腿动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。1fromrecover from an illness意为“从疾病中恢复过来”。2But与前句是转折关系。3undefeatable在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由语境可知，此处应表示“不败的”，故填undefeatable。

20、句意：医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。4walkingsee sb doing sth看见某人在做某事。5asas表示“正当时”。6it句式搭配：it seems as if/as though仿佛是。7am doing8atat this very moment意为“就在此刻”。9that/it代替前文说的地震这回事。10convinced用形容词形式。be convinced of/that 深信，坚信。(二)One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had

21、 an appointment 1._ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 2._ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 3._ (sit) at the front. He 4._ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 5._ (mental

22、) disabled.Behind him were other people to 6._he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 7._ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 8._ his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of t

23、he bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 9._ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made the choice. It made 10._ of us feel good.【要点综述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”的一次乘车经历：在公交车上遇到一个好像是弱智的人，其他人都躲开了，而“我”走近了他，和他聊起来，一路上“我俩”都很高兴

24、。 1later考查副词的用法。“我”离开得较早因为那天晚些时候“我”有个约会。 2till/until考查状语从句的连接词。“我”的朋友一直陪“我”直到公共汽车来。 3sitting/sit考查动词的用法。notice sb doing/do sth意为“注意到某人正在做某事/做某事”。4was pretending考查动词的时态。由giving it a voice可知用过去进行时。5mentally考查副词的用法。此处disabled是形容词，用副词修饰。69完整答案详见10both考查代词的用法。由上文“We hadamazing conversation.”可知“我们俩”都很高兴。(

25、三)What would you do if you failed? Many people may choose to give up.1._， the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick 2._ your goal.On your way to success, you must keep your 3. _(direct)It is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and 4._ (help) you overcome obstacles on your w

26、ay.5._， you will easily get 6. _(lose) or hesitate to go ahead.Directions mean objectives.You can get nowhere 7._ an objective in life.You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve 8._Only in this way will you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time 9._(pro

27、per)And you should also have a belief 10._ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.【要点综述】 本文告诉我们，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。答案及解析详见QQ757722345空间(四)The air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes. For the most part, air is

28、 available to everyone, and everyone 1._ (need) it. Some people use the air to sustain them while 2._(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves. 3._ breathe the air and use the energy it provides to make 4._ magnificent life. Opportunity is 5._ the same way, and it is everywhere. It is 6._ freely a

29、vailable that we take it for granted. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success; it must7._ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value. So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work thats 8._ (possible). Just as y

30、ou need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. It takes more than just breathing the fresh air of opportunity, 9._. You must make use of it. Thats not up to the opportunity; thats up to you. It doesnt matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but 10._ matters is what you do with it.答案及解析详

31、见QQ757722345空间(五)A man recognized as a genius in business circles was invited as an honour guest to a TV interview. Everybody was eager to hear a success story from him. He, 1._， only said with a slight smile, “Wouldnt it be better for me to ask you for 2._ (advise) on a certain problem？”Here is the problem he raised：