牛津上海版6AUnit5基础知识整理.docx

1、牛津上海版6AUnit5基础知识整理牛津上海版6AUnit5基础知识整理. Words.1travel v行走，旅行 egMy grandpa travelled a lot when he was young. 我爷爷年轻时通常旅行。 Do you like travelling, Mary? 玛丽，你喜欢旅行吗？ n. 旅行 eg-Whats this book about? 这本书是关于什么的？ -Its about travel. 是关于旅游的。 印象链接 traveller n旅行者；旅客。比方： The traveller in red dress comes from Ameri

2、ca. 穿红连衣裙的那位旅客来自美国。 Lots of travellers lose their way in a strange city easily. 很多旅行者在陌生的城市简略迷路。 友情提示 在美国英语中，travel的已往式，已往分词拼作traveled, 现在分词拼作travelling. 在英国英语中，travel的已往式，已往分词拼作travelled, 现在分词拼作travelling.2about adv. 大抵 egThere are about fifty students in our class. 我们班大抵有50个学生。 Its about two hours

3、大抵两个小时。 prep. 关于 eg-Whats the film about?这部影戏是关于什么的？ -Its about the environment是关于环境的。3minuten. (1)分钟eg-What time is it now?现在几点了？ -Three minutes past five. 五点三分。 (2)转瞬，一会儿 eg-Shall we go now?我们现在走吗？ -Wait a minute. Ill close the window. 稍等转瞬。我要关上窗户。常见词组 minute hand分针 ten minuteswalk十分钟路程4ferryn. (1

4、)渡船 egWell go to Hong Kong by ferry. 我们将乘渡船去香港。 Mary goes to school from Monday to Friday by ferry. 玛丽每周一到周五乘渡轮去上学。 (2)渡口 egWe waited at the ferry for two hours. 我们在渡口等了两个小时。 There are lots of people at the ferry every day. 每天渡口都有很多人。v.（用船或飞机等）运送（货物）（通常指短程的或定期的） egCan you ferry us across?你能运我们已往吗？ H

5、elen ferries the children to and from school every day. 海伦用船每天接送孩子们上下学。5hourn. 小时 egThere are twenty-four hours in a day. 一天有二十四小时。 It takes me about half an hour from Beijing to Tianjin. 从北京到天津花费了我大概半小时时间。友情提示hour虽然首字母h不为元音字母，但因其首音标为/a/，所以一小时要说成：an hour.6half an hour半小时 eg-How long does it take you

6、 to get to Hangzhou?你抵达杭州要花多长时间？ -About half an hour. 大抵半小时。友情提示“半小时”也可以说成：thirty minutes(三十分钟)，比方：half past six六点半，也可以说：six thirty。7hotel n. 旅馆 eg-This hotel looks beautiful.这家宾馆看上去很英俊。 -Yes. Its a five-star hotel.是的，这是一家五星级宾馆。 印象链接 hotelier 旅馆老板；旅馆司理，比方： Mr Smith is the hotelier of a five-star hot

7、el.史密斯先生是一家五星级宾馆的司理。常见词组 stay atin a hotel住旅馆辨析 inn和hotel Inn n .货仓，主要指小而旧的旅馆，现多指乡村的旅店，货仓或旅馆的老板可以说inn-keeper。比方： There are some inns in that village near the mountain. 在山相近的那个村庄里有一些小旅馆。8. advertisement n. 告白 egI think its a perfect advertisement我以为这是一个特殊好的告白。 If you want to sell your old things, you

8、 can put an advertisement in the local paper.你若计划卖掉旧工具，可以在本地报纸上登个告白。 印象链接 advertising n. 告白宣传，告白业，比方： He works in advertising. 他从事告白业。9board n. 栏；板 egThere is a ball on the board of that boat. 那只船的船面上有一个球。 Cover the cup with the small board. 用小木板把杯子盖上。常见词组 drawing board 制图板 chess board 棋盘 noticeboar

9、d布告板 blackboard黑板10a few 几个a few(用于可数名词前)一些，一点 eg-Are your friends here? 你的朋友们在这吗？ -Yes，a few are here. 是的。有几个在这。 -How many students are there in the classroom? 课堂里有几多个学生？ -There are a few students in the classroom. 课堂里有几个学生。常见短语 quite a few许多，相当多的(相当于many) only a few只是几个，一点点反义词 a little少量，少许 辨析 a l

10、ittle与a few a little后只能跟不可数名词，表示“一点点”。比方：We need a little sugar every day. 我们每天只需要少量的糖。要是要修饰可数名词的话，需用a few, 比方：Mum only bought a few apples. 妈妈只买了几个苹果。11a lot of许多，大量的 近义词plenty of大量的，许多 辨析 a lot of和plenty of plenty of与a lot of一样，后面可以跟可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词。比方： I am very thirsty. I need plenty of water. 我渴

11、死了。我需要很多水。 I have got plenty of stamps. 我有许多邮票。12when conj(1)当时候 egIt was raining when we arrived. 我们到的时候芷在下雨。 When visiting London I like to travel by bus. 我游览伦敦时喜欢坐大众汽车。(2) 既然；思虑到 egHow can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching TV? 他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了，还能学到什么工具呢？adv(1)在那时

12、egSunday is the day when few people go to work. 星期日是没什么人上班的日子。(2) 当时；就地egThe Queens last visit was in May, when she opened the new hospital.女王上次来访是在五月份，她那时主持了这座医院的完工仪式。13. light railn. 轻轨 印象链接 rail n. 铁轨，轨道 常见词组 a rail strike铁路员工罢工 rail travel乘火车的旅行 railwayman铁路员工 rail freight铁路货运 railroad铁路，美国英语为：r

13、ailway铁路 友情提示 轻轨是现代大众交通工具的一种，属电力火车，沿着稳定的路线在钢轨上运行，运送旅客。 辨析 underground与light rail underground（地铁）与light rail(轻轨)都是大众交通工具，在形式上都有地下、地面、高架三种。underground与light rail的主要不同之处在于它们的单向最大高峰小时客流量的巨细不同：地铁单向最大高峰小时客流量是3-6万人次，轻轨单向最大高峰小时客流量是1-3万人次。14. department store n. 百货商店 egDoes Lily work in a department store? 莉

14、莉是在百货商店劳动吗？ Many goods is very expensive in the department store. 百货商店里的许多商品都特殊贵。 印象链接 department n. 部，司，局，处，科，部门，系， 常见词组 the Department of the Environment环境部 the Education Department教诲部 the export sales department出口销售部 the mens clothing department男装部15kindergartenn. 幼儿园 egThere is no kindergarten i

15、n our village我们村子里没有幼儿园。 Im happy in kindergarten在幼儿园我很高兴。16housing estaten. 住民区 egThe environment of the housing estate is very good. 这个住民区的环境特殊的好。 There are many dogs in the housing estate. 这个住民区里有很多狗。17templen庙宇 egThere is a Buddhist temple on the top of the mountain. 山顶上有一座释教庙宇。 The style of Rom

16、an temple is different with Chinas. 罗马的庙宇品格和中国的不同。. Daily expressions. 平常表达far away from 离远by bus /ferry/ underground 乘大众汽车渡船地铁go to school 去上学travelling time 行走时间get to the supermarket 抵达超市a few 几个a lot of 许多on the bus 在大众汽车上【随堂小练】I. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms. (用

17、所给单词的适当形式填空)1. There are some good_ (restaurant) in the street.2. She often goes to school by (ferry).3. It (take) me twenty minutes to get to the library.4. How long (do) it take you to get to the hotel?5. My family will move into a new (house) estate this year.6. There is a big (swim) pool in our

18、school.7. You must not walk on the (grass).8. My uncle in a big factory (work).【Keys】1. restaurants 2. ferry 3. takes 4. does 5. housing 6. swimming 7. grass 8. worksII. Choose the right words or expressions to complete the sentences. (选择适当的单词或短语完成句子)half an hour a lot of travel light rail temple by

19、 school bus1. There are beautiful flowers in the park.2. Have you ever been to the Shaolin ?3. She usually spends on her homework.4. -How do you usually go to school? -_.5. Would you like to to the other places? 6. More and more people go to different places by . Because it is very fast and comforta

20、ble. 【Keys】1. a lot of 2. Temple 3. half an hour 4. By school bus 5. travel 6.light railImportant Sentences structures.1He goes to school by bus. 他乘大众汽车去上学。go to school意为“上学”，比方：Tom goes to school with his good friends every day. 汤姆每天和他的好朋友们一起去上学。We go to school five days a week.我们一星期上五天学。友情提示 某些表示学

21、校、医院、班级等具体事物的名词前不用冠词表示相关的行为，使用冠词则表示具体所在。比方：He sat down at table. 他坐下吃饭。 He sat down at the table. 他坐到桌子旁.句中的by是介词，用来表示搭乘交通工具的方法，手段，名词前不加冠词，比方：by bicycle骑自行车 by bus乘大众汽车 by car乘小汽车 by taxi坐出租车下面先容by的几种用法： (1)表示搭乘交通工具：by train(乘火车)；by taxi(乘出租车)，比方： We can go to Beijing by plane. 我们可以乘飞机去北京(2)表示传达，传递的

22、方法：by letter(用信件)；by radio(用无线电)，比方： I like to listen to music by radio. 我喜欢用无线电听音乐。(3)by+动名词：表示依靠为生。比方： I get my living by teaching English我以教英文为生。(4)“最迟在之前”，“到时候为止”，比方： I will come back by six oclock. 我将在六点以前回来。(5)表示动态的位置，评释为“议决”。比方： I go by his office every day. 我每天从他的办公室旁议决。2It takes him about t

23、en minutes. 他大抵要花十分钟。It takes sb some time to do sth意为“某人花了多长时间做某事”。比方：It takes me an hour to do my homework. 我花了一小时做作业。It took him three days to decorate his flat. 他花了三天装饰他的屋子。下面这个句型中，对时间提问用how long。比方：-How long did it take you to do the cleaning?你花了多长时间排除卫生？-It took me two hours to do the cleaning

24、. 我花了两小时排除卫生。要表达相同的意思，我们还可以说：sb spend(in) doing sth注意 take是以it为主语的，而spend是以人作主语的。比方： It took Mary half an hour to cook. =Mary spent half an hour in cooking. 玛丽花了半小时时间做饭。3Draw the things you see on your way to school. 把你在上学路上所看到的工具画下来。on ones way (to)意为“在某人去某地的路上”。比方：on my way to the park在我去公园的路上 on

25、her way to the factory在她去工厂的路上 on his way to the cinema在他去影戏院的路上在这类短语中，要是由副词here, home, there等来表示所在，则不用介词to。比方：on my way home在我回家的路上 on her way there在她去那的路上4How long does it take you to get to the supermarket?你抵达超市花多长时间？get to意为“抵达”，要表达相同的意思我们还可以用reach和arrive inat。比方：My father will get to Canada at

26、two tomorrow afternoon=My father will reach Canada at two tomorrow afternoon. =My father will arrive in Canada at two tomorrow afternoon. 我爸爸明天下午两点到加拿大。注意 arrive in后面一般接大的地方，比如Beijing, Canada, London等，而arrive at后面一般接小的地方，比如school,cinema,village等。【随堂练习】I Choose the correct answer. (选择正确的答案)1 It will

27、take you about an hour get to the airport.A. to B. on C. off D. in2 Simon goes to school underground every day.A. takes B. takes a C. by D. by an3 Shanghai Zoo is the Century Park.A. far away B. quite far awayC. quite far away from D. beside4 On her way home, she saw a lot of hotels.A. / B. to C. fo

28、r D. of5 I dont have money to buy a new bike.A. a few B. a littleC. enough D. a lot of6 Lets to the aviary quietly.A. goes B. goingC. to go D. go7 Id like to read books when I am the bus.A on B. inC. at D. by8 Linda always sees people when she is walking to school. A. much B. a lot ofC. lot of D. a

29、little9 How long do you spend computer games every day?A. play B. playingC. plays D. to play10 We have got vegetables but meat.A. plenty of . a little B. plenty of . a fewC. many . plenty D. much . plenty【Keys】1A 2C 3C 4A 5C 6D 7A 8B 9B 10 A Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verb

30、s. (用所给动词的适当形式填空。)1She (make) a shopping list with her aunt yesterday.2Shall we (take) a photo here?3It (take) him almost 2 hours to finish his homework last night.4He comes from Canada, but he (live) in America.5Tim always (see) a lot of people when he is walking to school.6My mother (spend) two days finishing reading the novel.7It (rain). Take an umbrella with you.8How long it (take) to get to Shanghai Museum?【Keys】1 made 2 take 3 took 4 lives 5 sees 6 spent 7 is raining/is going to rain 8 does, take Rewrite the following sentences as required. (按要求改写句子。)1Mike lives far away f