英语连词的用法和总结全.docx

1、英语连词的用法和总结全英语连词的用法和总结全 英语连词用法和总结 一、概述一、概述 连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如 and,but,or,for等；从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)，引出名词性从句的连词如 that,whether等，引出状语从句的连词如 when,because,since,if 等。二、并列连词的用法二、并列连词的用法(一一)、表示转折关系的并列连词。、表示转折

2、关系的并列连词。主要有主要有 but(但是但是),yet(可是可是),while(而，却而，却)等。如：等。如：I would have written before but I have been ill.我本该早写信的，但我生病了。I have failed,yet I shall try again.我失败了，但我还要尝试。You like tennis,while Id rather read.你爱打网球，但我爱看书 Someone borrowed my pen,but I dont remember who.有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。He said he was our

3、friend,yet he wouldnt help us.他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。but 的用法举例 1.连接词或短语 It was a sunny but not very warm day.那一天天气晴朗，却不太暖和。He drives not carefully but slowly.他开车不是很小心，而是开得很慢。2.连接句子 This isnt a good one but it will answer.这不太好，但可以将就用。He looks honest,but actually hes a rogue.他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。She has had n

4、o answer to him but he gave no answer.我向他说了早上好，但他没有回应。The ice remained,but there was no water underneath.冰还在，但下面却没有水。Mrs.Brown was about to begin,but Jennie spoke first.布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。At first he was a little shy,but now he acts more natural.开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了。There was a little trouble at first,

5、but things were soon quiet.起初有点小麻烦后来情况就平静了。3.用于句首 But that question doesnt arise.但没发生那个问题。But in secret she was delighted.但她暗中感到高兴。But what else can we do?我们还能做什么?But in the end he gave in.但最后他还是让步了。But theres one thing we are agreed on.但有一点大家的意见是一致的。4.用于道歉的表达之后 Sorry,but were behind schedule.抱歉，我们落

6、在计划后了。Im frightfully sorry,but I cant see you today.太对不起了，我今天不能见你。Excuse me,but I dont think thats quite true.很抱歉，我认为这与事实略有出入。5.用于 notbut，表示“不是而是 Not you but I am to blame.不是你的错而是我的错。6.用在某些否定语后，表示“只：He eats nothing but hamburgers.他只吃汉堡包。She knows no one but you.她只认识你。You have nobody but yourself to

7、blame.只能怪你自己。No one but me saw her.只有我看见他(from yygrammar)。7.用于 next(last)but one 中，表示“隔壁再过去“倒数第 He lives in the next house but one.他住在隔壁再过去一家。He was the last but one to arrive.他是倒数第二个到的。8.cant help but 不由得不 You cant help but respect them.你不由得不尊敬他们。When they gave him a ticket to the game,he couldnt h

8、elp but go.他们给了他一 X看球赛的票，他不由得不去。I cant help but wonder what I should do next.我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。注意不要按汉语意思将“虽然但是直译为 althoughbut：误：Though we are poor,but we are happy.(去掉 though或 but 中任一个)but 与 however的用法区别 两者均可表示转折或对比，意为“但是、“可是、“然而等，但有区别：1.表示转折时，but 是连词。如：He is young but very experienced.他虽年轻，但经验很丰富。He

9、has three daughters but no sons.他有 3 个女儿，但没有儿子。He likes sports,but his wife likes music.他喜欢运动，而他妻子则喜欢音乐。2.however 表示“然而、“可是时，有的词书认为它是连词，有的词书认为它是副词。之所以将其视为 副词，也许是因为像许多副词一样不仅能位于句首，而且能位于句中(注意前后使用逗号)，甚至句末(注意其前也用逗号)。如：Later,however,he changed his mind.可是他后来改变了主意。He hasnt arrived.He may,however,come later

10、.他还没有到，不过他等会儿可能会来。He said that it was so;he was mistaken,however.他说情况如此，可是他错了。注意：以上各例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写。如：He said that it was so,but he was mistaken.他说情况如此，可他错了。3.当连接两个句子时，其前通常应用分号，或另起新句。如：Its raining hard;however,I think we should go out./Its raining hard.However,I think we should go o

11、ut.雨下得很大，但我想我们还得出去。注意：上例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写(注意所用标点的变化)。如：Its raining hard,but I think we should go out.yet 的用法 1、yet 用作连词时，与 but 一样也主要用于转折，意为“但是“而：I have failed,yet I shall try again.我失败了，但我还要尝试。The judge was stern,yet completely fair.法官很严峻，却完全公正。They are the same,yet not the same.它们又一样，

12、又不一样。It is strange,yet it is true.那真是怪事，然而却是事实。Ive been away only for three years,yet I can hardly recognize my hometown.我仅在外三年，可我几乎认不出我自己的故乡了。He said he was our friend,yet he wouldnt help us.他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。2、有时用在句首。如：Yet the house was cheerful.但屋子里显得很欢快。Yet its population has doubled.但它的人口翻了一番。

13、3、yet 有时可与并列连词 and 或 but 连用，构成习语 and yet 和 but yet，意为“虽然如此“可是“然而，与单独使用的 yet 意思相同。如：Hes not really nice-looking,and yet he has enormous charm.他并不十分好看，可是他很有魅力。Shes a funny girl,but yet you cant help liking her.她是一个奇怪的姑娘，但你禁不住会喜欢她。I gave him ten pounds(and)yet he was not satisfied.我给了他十镑但他仍不满足。Shes vai

14、n and foolish,and yet people like her.她很虚荣愚蠢，但人们却喜欢她。She drove very fast to the airport,but yet,and yet,but yet she missed the plane.她开快车去机场，可还是误了飞机。4、根据英语习惯，although 不能与连词 but 搭配使用，但是 although 可以与 yet 搭配连用此时的 yet 可 视为副词。如：Although we are poor,yet we are happy.尽管我们穷，但我们很快活。Although we have made some

15、 progress,yet we still have a long way to go.我们虽然取得了些进步，但还是远远不够的。连词 while考点知识归纳 while是大家比较熟悉的一个词，但是许多人对它的了解是不全面的，你可能只知道它表示“当的时候，甚至可能还知道它与 when,as 的用法区别。但是，非常遗憾，你所知道的这些东西都 是有关 while用法的“基础知识，却不是一般英语考试的“考点知识。请看下面两道考题：1、考查表示时间的用法，其意为“当的时候。如：We must strike while the iron is hot.我们要趁热打铁。Stand still while

16、I take your photograph.我给你拍照时站着不要动。Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday?假期里我们有足够的书看吗?Were there any calls for me while I was out?我出去的时候，有人来过 吗?She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning.她打 时不愿让任何人听。2、考查表示让步的用法，其意为“尽管“虽然。如：While the work was difficult,it was interesting.虽

17、然工作有难度，但很有趣。While I understand what you say,I cant agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。While the Internet is of great help,I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.虽然因特网很有帮助，但我还是认为在其上花太多的时间不是个好主意。While we dont agree we continue to be friends.尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友。While I did well in class,I

18、was a poor performer at games.虽说我学习不错，我运动却不行。While a few became richer,many did not.虽然一些人变得更富有了，但多数人并非如此。3、考查表示对比的用法，其意为“而“但。如：In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.有些地方妇女挣钱，而男子则在家里持家和带孩子。I went swimming while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其

19、余的人则去打网球了。Air is a fluid but not a liquid,while water is both a fluid and a liquid.空气是流体不是液体，水是流体也是液体。Some people waste food while others havent enough.一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。Some people waste food while others havent enough.一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。I went swimming while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其余的人则去打网球

20、了。Prices are rising sharply,while incomes are lagging far behind.物价飞涨而收入却远远落后。注意：这样用时，while引出的句子通常位于末，但有时也可位于句首。如：While most children learn to read easily,some need extra help.大多数儿童学会阅读很容易，有一些儿童却需要特别帮助。While some languages have 30 or more different vowel sounds,others have five or less.有些语言有 30个或更多的

21、元音，而其他语言只有 5个或更少的元音。While Deauville is a holiday resort,Trouville is more of a working town.特维尔是个度假胜地，而特鲁维尔更多的却是个工业城市。4、考查其省略用法，即主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有动词 be时，通常可省略从句主语和动词 be。如：While(he was)in prison,she wrote her first novel.她在狱中写出了第一部小说。He had strayed from home while still a boy.他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。He fell

22、asleep while(he was)doing his homework.他做着做着功课就睡着了。I was only listening to the radio with half an ear,while(I was)preparing some food.我正在做吃的东西，没太留心听收音机。(二二)、表选择的并列连词、表选择的并列连词 主要 or(或者，还是，否则),eitheror(不是就是),neitheror(既不也不),otherwise (要不然)等。如：Be careful about what you say or you may regret it.当心你讲的话，否

23、则你会后悔的。Either say youre sorry or else get out!你要么道歉，要么滚开!Neither does he smoke nor does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。Seize the chance,otherwise you will regret it.要抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。注：neithernor连接两个句子，注意用倒装语序。or的用法归纳 1、表示选择，意为“或“还是：Is the radio off or on?无线电关上了还是开着的?Would you prefer tea or coffee?你喜欢茶还是咖啡？Is he as

24、leep or awake?他睡着了还是醒着?Are you going to America by boat or by air?你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机？You may go or stay,according as you decide.是去是留由你自己决定。Are you from North China or South China?你是华北人还是华南人?2、表示一种否定的条件，意为“否则：Come on,or well be late.快点，否则我们要迟到了。Hurry up,or youll be late for school.赶快，否则你上学就要迟到了。Dress warml

25、y,or else youll catch cold.穿暖和点，否则你会感冒的。Be careful,or youll break that vase!小心，否则你会把那花瓶打碎!Cross the road very carefully.Look both ways,or you might be knocked down.过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒。3、可表示“要不就是：He must be joking,or else hes mad.他一定在说笑话，要不就是疯了。The book must be here,or else youve lost it.这书一定在这儿，要不

26、就是你丢失了。4、用于否定句中代替 and。He was not clever or good-looking.他不聪明，也长得不好看。比较：They sang and danced.他们既唱歌又跳舞。They didnt sing or dance.他们既没有唱歌也没有跳舞。5、用于习语(from yygrammar)The work is more or less finished.工作大体上完成了。They consist of 1700 or more tribes.他们由 1700 个或更多部族构成。Theres just one or two details I want to m

27、ake sure about.还有一两个细节我想弄清楚。Either your mother or your father may come with you.你母亲或是你父亲会陪你去。(三三)、表示因果关系的并列连词。、表示因果关系的并列连词。主要有主要有 for(因为因为),so(因此因此)等。如：等。如：He shook his head,for he thought differently.他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。He told me to do it,so I did it.他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。The child had a bad cough,so his mot

28、her took him to the doctor.这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。You are supposed to get rid of carelessness,for it often leads to serious errors.你们一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。连词 for的用法 1、for用作连词，主要表示理由，用于引起的分句对前面的话进行解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分 开。如：She was angry,for she didnt know French.她生气了，因为她不懂法语。He

29、 must be out,for there is no light in the room.他准是出去了，因为屋里没有灯。He shook his head,for he thought differently.他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。The days were short,for it was now December.白天很短，因为这时已经是十二月。We rarely stay in hotels,for we cant afford it.我们很少住旅馆，因为我们住不起。You neednt have watered the flowers,for it is going to

30、rain.你本不必浇那些花，因为就要下雨了。He took the food eagerly,for he has eaten nothing since dawn.他狼吞虎咽地吃了起来，因为他从天亮就没吃过东西。He was busy packing,for he was leaving that night.他那时正忙着打点行李，因为那天晚上他就要走了。She does not go out in the winter,for she feels the cold a great deal.她冬天不出门，因为他特别怕冷。2、for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。for表示原因时的四

31、个“不能 1、for引导的从句不能位于它所解释的动词之前：Because it was wet he took a taxi.因为下雨，他叫了一辆出租车。这里不能用for 2、for引导的从句不能位于 not,but 或任何连词之后：He stole,not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing.他偷东西，并不是因为他想要钱，而是他有这种毛病。这里不能用 for 3、for引导的从句不能用于回答问题：Why did you do it?你为什么这么做?I did it because l was angry.因为我生

32、气才这么做的。这里不能用 for 4、for引导的从句不能单单用来复述已讲过的话，而必须包括新的内容：He spoke in French.She was angry because he had spoken in French.他讲法语。因为他讲法语，她生气了。这里不能用 for 但是说：She was angry,for she didnt know French.她生气了，因为她不懂法语。这里用 for是正确的，也可用 because 注意：之所以有这些用法上的限定，其理由是 for引导的从句不能直接说明某一特定动作发生的原因，而只能 提供一些起帮助解释作用的附加说明。例如：The d

33、ays were short,for it was now December.天短了，现在已是 12 月了。He took the food eagerly,for he has eaten nothing since dawn.他狼吞虎咽地吃了起来，因为他从天亮就没吃过东西。When I saw her in the river I was frightened.For at that point the currents were dangerous.我看见她在河里时，吓坏了。那个地方水流非常危险。注意：在口语中，for 从句前常稍停一下。在笔语中，在此处常有一个逗号。有时也用一个句号断开，如最后 一个例子所示。上面三个例句中也可用 becatse,但用 for更好些。连词 so 的用法 1、so用作连词，主要用于表结果，意为“所以：Its very cold,so wear a he