英语四六级图表作文专题讲课讲稿.docx

1、英语四六级图表作文专题讲课讲稿英语四级图表作文讲解及参考范文图表作文也是四(六)级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非文字信息(通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等)转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。第一节 图表作文的出题形式和写作要领一、图表作文常见出题形式图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势;2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。二、图表作文的

2、写作步骤写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1)认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;2)确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据;3)编列文章的提纲;4)根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡;5)检查与修改。三、图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的陈述方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题

3、思想（总趋势+极端值+特点，时态）第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议模板一 总的趋势 图表具体描述 剖析图表所揭示的含义 理由一 理由二 理由三 理由四 总结 前景预测As can be seen from the table, the past decade has witnessed dramatic changes in_. While _. It is obvious from the table that_.What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start

4、 with, _. Secondly, _ . Whats more, _. Last but not lease, _.In conclusion, _. Moreover, _.模板二描述图表 分三方面解释原因 下结论1) During the period from _to _, _rose from _to _, while _ decreased from _ to _.2) We believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon. First,_. Second, _. Third, _.3) _.We are h

5、appy to see that things are becoming better and better nowadays. We can imagine that _.模板三描述图表 解释图表 补充解释 1) During the period between _ and _, _ declined abruptly from _ to _, while _ increased sharply from _ to _.2) Several reasons can account for this phenomenon. Compared with _ is much cheaper an

6、d more convenient_ . Apart from that, _.3) However, there are still a number of people who _, generally for two reasons. On the one hand,_. On the other hand, _.范文： Film Is Giving Way to TV1. 电影观众越来越少2. 电视观众越来越多，因为3. 然而，还是有人喜欢看电影，因为1.图表类型：table 表格; chart 图表; diagram图表或图解，示意图; graph图表, 曲线图; column/ b

7、ar chart柱状图; pie chart饼图 2. 描述：show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal 显示; represent表现, 描绘 3.内容：figure数字; statistic统计值; statistics 用作复统计, 统计数字资料, 统计表number; percentage; proportion 表示数据 上升：increase, rise, ascend, core, surge, go up, climb, mount, level up 下降: decrease, f

8、all, drop, descend, decline, reduce ,lessen, level, down 平稳: stable, steady, remain steady/stable; /maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to ; little/hardly any /no change 波动: fluctuate, fluctuation, rise and falls, up and down 占: occupy， take up， account for, gain 而: while, however, whereas , on the

9、 other hand, actually/in fact 相比: by contract, on the contrary, likewise, compared with 最高点: the highest, the top, the summit, the peak, the most 最低点: bottom, less, least, rock bottom最低点 例句Prices have hit rock bottom. 价格已达最低水平 平均: mean平均值, average 趋势: tendency, trend, inclination 预见: prediction 达到顶峰

10、: mount to 比例：20 per cent , 20% one in three, 1/3 one out of every four， 1/4 有一个稳定的过程: a stable period can be seen 表示 变化程度的词： sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的 rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的 dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的 significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的 sharp/sharply 明显的，急剧的 steep/steeply 急剧升降的 steady/stead

11、ily 稳固的，坚定不移的 gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的 slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的 slight/slightly 轻微的、略微地 stable/stably 稳定的 表示范围： fromto betweenand for to 多长时间直到 表示程度： almost adv. 几乎，差不多 nearly adv. 几乎，密切地 approximately adv. 近似的，大约 just over 刚超过 exactly adv. 正确地，严密地 precisely adv. 正好 精确地；清晰地 常用词和短语 significant changes 图

12、中一些较大变化 noticeable trend 明显趋势 during the same period 在同一时期 grow/grew 增长 distribute 分布，区别 unequally 不相等地 pronounced 明显的 average 平均 no doubt 无疑地 corresponding adj. 相应的，通讯的 represent vt. 阐述，表现 overall 体上讲 except 除外 in the case of adv. 在的情况下 in contrast 相反，大不相同 in conclusion adv. 最后，总之 in comparison 相比之

13、下 inversely adv. 相反地，倒转地 in general 通常，大体上，一般而言 rang fromto 从到不等 excessive adj. 过多的，过分的，额外 lower v. 降低，跌落 elapse vi. （时间）过去，消逝 category n. 种类 government policy 政府政策 market forces 市场规律 measure n. 尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节 forecast n. 先见，预见 表示程度的副词： 1.）程度较大： considerably dramatically greatly markedly obviously

14、 quickly rapidly sharply significantly suddenly 2） 程度较小： slightly gradually slowly steadily四、图表作文常用的句型(1)常用的开篇句型(即概述图表内容时常用的表达法) According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图，我们可知 The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) th

15、at 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart 如表/图所示，(2) 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of In the number remains

16、the same/drops to There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990. There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease/decline/fall/reduction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year).第二节 图表作文样题与样文举例样题一：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute

17、s to write a composition on the topic How People Spend Their Holidays. Please give a brief description of the table first and then make comments on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.How People Spend Their Holidays As is clearly shown in the table that there was a dra

18、matic change in the way people spent their holidays between 1990 and 2000. Especially, in 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure decreased considerably to 24% in 2000. There are three reasons for this phenomenon. To begin with, with the development of market-oriented econ

19、omy, people earn by far more money than they used to, making it possible for them to afford traveling expenses. In addition, people realize the importance of getting well-informed about the outside world in this modern era to develop their potential. For example, a traveler may encounter or talk wit

20、h someone of a different cultural background so as to broaden his vision. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind. In short, more and more people take the occasion of holiday to travel outside and relax

21、 themselves. As far as I am concerned, I prefer to go traveling instead of staying at home during holidays. On the one hand, I love meeting different people and take in some fresh ideas. On the other hand, it is agreed that the world is becoming a global village. No one could confine himself within

22、his small circle of families or relatives. In brief, I have benefited a lot and will benefit more from traveling during the holidays. 点评：该篇作文属图表作文，命题思路与四级真题图表作文一致，仿真度高。本预测题关于人们旅游度假方式的变化，也是社会热点话题，2006年1月就考过名校校园该不该成为旅游景点话题；2004年6月也是关于旅游景点的介绍。1、 根据上表，简要描述1990年、1995年、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况及其变化； 2、 请说明发生这些变化的

23、原因； 3、 得出结论。 样题二：The Pursuit of A Masters Degreea. 根据下图描述某校毕业生毕业意向的变化 b. 分析选择读研的毕业生数目增加的原因c. 说明选择读研对个人和社会产生的影响It is illustrated in the pie charts that graduates choices after graduation have experienced much change. The number of students choosing to pursue a masters degree and study abroad grows se

24、veral times over the decade.The reasons of the increasing number of students pursuing a masters degree are as follows. First, with the number of college graduates growing each year, the situation in the job market is getting tighter and tighter. The public awareness of the situation has created a su

25、rge of interest in seeking a masters degree. Secondly, many cross-national companies set a much higher standard for new recruits than ever. It seems that the higher education you have, the higher salary you may receive.Choosing to study for masters degree will benefit the individuals and the whole s

26、ociety as well. The quality of Chinese intellectuals will be considerably enhanced, which in turn will boost the progress of the whole society. 样题三：Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic :Cell Phones .You should write no less than 120 words and base y

27、our composition on the outline below: 1. 描述上图所示的手机用户数的变化情况 2. 出现这种情况的原因 3. 对此现象作出评价 Cell Phones As is shown in the chart, cell phones are becoming increasingly popular within China. In 1999, the number of cell phones in use was only 2 million, but in 2002, the number reaches 5 million. And in the ye

28、ar 2005, the number has suddenly soared to 9 million. There are many factors contributing to this development. Firstly, a cell phone has no wires and can be carried everywhere easily. Secondly, a cell phone is something wonderful that we can have fun with news, games, music and chat through sending

29、short messages. Thirdly, the drop in price and the simultaneous improvement in the functions have made it possible for an average person to make use of cell phone. The wide use of cell phones has make them more and more indispensable in peoples daily life. The many functions of the cell phone have m

30、ade certain people reluctant to separate themselves from their cell phone. 点评：随着我国经济的快速发展，人民的生活水平不断改善，通讯业的日新月异的发展，使得手机使用普及化，成为人们日常生活的必需品，对此的利弊人们看法各异。本预测题为热点话题，同样是年轻人较熟悉和经常讨论的话题，值得关注。样题四：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Blog. You should write at least 120 words based