外研版八年级下册语法讲解和练习.docx

1、外研版八年级下册语法讲解和练习 模块一语法表示感觉和知觉的系动词1表示感觉和知觉的系动词也可称为感官动词，主要有look (看起来), smell (闻起来), sound (听起来), taste (尝起来), feel (感觉/摸起来)。2感官动词属于连系动词，后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构，说明主语所处的状态。例如：He looks tired. 他看起来累了。These flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来香Her voice sounds beautiful. 她的声音听起来优美。The cake tastes delicious .蛋糕尝起来美味。I felt g

2、uilty. 我感到内疚。3感官动词后可接介词like, like后可接名词或v.ing形式。例如：That boat looks like a duck.那条船看起来像一只鸭子。It smells like being burnt.它闻起来像烧焦了一样4含有感官动词的句子，其否定句和一般疑问句要借助助动词完成。例如：He looks worried. 他看起来忧愁。He doesnt look worried他看起来并不忧愁。Does he look worried?他看起来忧愁吗？. 单项选择()1. The cake _ delicious. I cant wait to eat it.

3、 Afeels Bsounds Cbecomes Dsmells()2.Apples of this kind _ Atastes good Btastes well Ctaste good Dtaste well()3.2015潍坊The new sweater I bought for my grandma _ soft. She likes it very much. Alooks Bsmells Ctastes Dfeels()4. Oh, Im hungry. Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate? No. It tastes_A. t

4、erribly B. terrible C. good D. well()5.The cake looks _. Yes, and it tastes even _. A. well; good B. nice; better C. good; worse D. better; best()6.2015镇江ThreeD printing technology could be used to build a house in less than 24 hours.It _ amazing. Its my first time to get to know the news Alooks Bsm

5、ells Csounds Dtastes()7.Oh, it_so nice. What beautiful music it is! Asmells Bsounds Ctastes Dlooks()8.Dinner is ready. Help yourself! Wow! It _ delicious. You are really good at cooking. Alooks Bsounds Ctastes Dfeels()9.Lets go on a picnic this weekend, OK? That sounds_. Agreat Bwell Chardly Dterrib

6、ly()10.I like to read English in the garden because the flowers in it smell _. Agood Bwell Cbad Dbadly()11.Do you like swimming in winter?Of course. The water _ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy.Atastes Bfeels Csmells Dlooks()12.Mum is making dinner. It _ so nice! Asmells Bt

7、astes Cfeels Dsounds()13.Good medicine for health _ bitter to the mouth. Afeel Btastes Cfeels Dtaste()14.Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _ nice.Afeels Bsmeels Clooks Dtastes()15.Do you know the song Gangnam Style?Of course. It _ interesting.A tastes Bsmells Csounds

8、Dfeels.根据汉语意思完成句子 1我的毛衣摸起来柔软。 My sweater _ Feels soft2聚会听起来太吵了。 The party _ Sounds noisy3你妈妈看上去很年轻。 Your mother _ Looks young4汤尝起来咸了。 The soup _ Tastes salty5它闻起来新鲜吗？ _ it _？ Does smell fresh6他看上去像一位专家。 He _ an expert. Looks like7这食物尝起来怎样？ _ _ the food _？How does taste8这个主意听起来有趣吗？ _ the idea _ inter

9、esting? Does sound9你叔叔长什么样？ _ _ your uncle _ _？ What does look like10他当众讲话对并不紧张。He _ _ _when he speaks in public. Doesnt look nervous.用所给词的适当形式填空1The cloud _ (look) like a horse. looks2The coat _ (feel) very soft. So she bought it at once. felt3The weather _ (get) warmer and warmer these days. Is ge

10、tting4The man _ (seem) to be very angry. seems5That idea _ (sound) very great. Sounds6The baby panda looks very _(love). lovely7Dont eat the fish. It smells _(badly)bad8The background music sounds _(noise). Please turn it down. noisy9What do you think of the milk?Oh, it _( taste ) good. tastes10I fe

11、lt _(relax) lying in the sun. What a good time! Relaxed模块二语法现在完成时(一)现在完成时用来表示在以前某个时间或某段时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响；还可以表示到目前为止已经完成的事情。现在完成时态的基本句型结构是：“have/has+动词的过去分词”。其用法主要有1当句子的主语是第三人称单数时，要用“has动词的过去分词”。例如：He has finished his homework.他已经做完作业了。 2动词的过去分词变化形式主要有以下几种：大部分动词的过去分词和过去式相同，但也有许多不规则变化，需要特别记忆。例

12、如：seesawseen, bewas/werebeen, comecamecome, gowentgone, taketooktaken等。3.现在完成时的否定形式为havent/hasnt+动词的过去分词，其一般疑问句形式是把have/has 提到句首，动词过去分词不变化。例如：I have seen this film. 我已经看过这部电影了。I havent seen this film. 我没看过这部电影。Have you seen this film? 你看过这部电影吗？Yes, I have./No, I havent. 是的，我看过。/不，我没看过。He has been to

13、 Beijing. 他去过北京。He hasnt been to Beijing. 他没去过北京。Has he been to Beijing？ 他去过北京吗？Yes, he has./No, he hasnt. 是的，他去过。/不，他没去过。.单项填空()1.2014赤峰The storybook is very interesting. I agree with you. I_ it twice already.Aread Bwill read Cam reading Dhave read()2.Hasnt Betty come yet? No, and I_ for her for ne

14、arly two hours.Await Bwaited Chave waited Dhad waited()3.Do you want to see the film 3D Titanic? The film 3D Titanic? I_ it. Its really wonderful.Asee Bhave seen Cwas seeing Dhas seen()4.Have you ever been to Beijing? _. I went there last year.AYes, I did BYes, I have C. No, I havent DNo, never()5.W

15、here is your father? He _ Dalian.A. have gone to B. has gone to C. have been to D. has been to()6.2014广州Miss Brown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now? Afinish Bfinishing Care finished Dhave finished.用所给词的适当形式填空1Mum, can I watch TV now? I _ (finish) my homework. Have finished2The boys _

16、 (not read) the interesting books yet. Their mother will buy some for them. Havent read3_ you _ (hear) from your pen pal recently? Have heardYes, I have. I _ (get) a letter from him yesterday. got4_ you ever _ (eat) the pizza? No, I havent. Have eaten5_ you _(call) your mum yet? Yes, I _. Have calle

17、d hasI called (call) her last night. 6Has Jack visited (visit) his grandparents? Not yet. 7Have your parents ever _been (be) abroad? Yes, just once. 8Who has seen (see) the film before? .按要求完成下列各题1My parents have gone to England(对画线部分提问)Where have your parents gone?2Would you like some more food?No,

18、 thanks. I have had enough.(完成句子)3Daming has climbed Mount Tai before.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) Has_ Daming climbed_Mount Tai before? No_， he hasnt4He has waited for her for_2_hours(对画线部分提问)How long has he waited for her?5Jane came to China two years ago. (改为同义句)Jane has been _ in China for two years. 模块三语法现在

19、完成时(二)1现在完成时态还可以用来表示“刚刚做完某事；已经做完某事”等，此时经常用just, already和yet来表示，其中， just 表示“刚刚”； already 表示“已经”，一般置于have/has 之后；just和already都用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中则可用yet，表示“还未”。例如：I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航员已经去过月球了。I havent been to Beijing yet.我还没有去过北京。注意： just, alread

20、y和yet在句中的位置：I have just heard from my son.我刚刚收到儿子的来信。Ive already bought the book.我已经买了这本书。He hasnt cleaned the house yet.他还没有打扫屋子。2在现在完成时态中，要注意have been to和have gone to的区别，前者表示“去过某地”，但现在已经回来了；后者表示“去了某地”，现在还没回来。例如：The spacecraft has gone into space. It wont return.宇宙飞船已经进入太空，不会回来了。I have been to Moun

21、t Tai twice.我去过泰山两次了。.单项填空()1.2014北京He _ in this factory for 20 years already.Awill work Bworks Chas worked Dis working()2.2015铜仁Where is your mother? She _ Guiyang. Ahas gone to Bhas been to Chas been in Dwent to答案 A句意：“你的母亲在哪里？”“她去贵阳了。”表示“去某地没回来”用have gone to；表示“去某地已经回来”用have been to。根据问句可知“妈妈”现在不

22、在说话的地方，即去某地还没有回来。故选A。答案 A句意：“你的母亲在哪里？”“她去贵阳了。”表示“去某地没回来”用have gone to；表示“去某地已经回来”用have been to。根据问句可知“妈妈”现在不在说话的地方，即去某地还没有回来。故选A。()3.Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? No, I _ our guidebook and towels yet.Adont pack Bdidnt pack Chave packed Dhavent packed()4.My cousin _ Sydney for hal

23、f a year.A. has been to B. has gone to C. has come to D. has been in()5. Aunt Wang is not here now. She has _ to Shanghai and will stay there for several months.A. got B. come C. been D. gone()6.Have you finished your work _？ Yes, Ive _ finished it.Aalready; yet Byet; already Cyet; yet Dalready; alr

24、eady()7.2015常德 I only started taking French classes last week and I _ 50 French words already.Alearned Blearn Chave learned()8.My mother _ the dinner already.Acooking Bcooked Chas cooked Dcook()9.2014黔东南_ you ever_ to Xijiang? Yes, I _ there last year.AHave; gone; went BHave; been; have been CHave;

25、been; went DHave; gone; have gone()10.Why is Mr Yang still in the teachers office? Maybe he_ his work yet.Adoesnt finish Bhasnt finished Chavent finished Ddont finished .用already, just, yet, never或ever填空1Has Li Ming received the invitation _yet_? No, he hasnt got it yet . But I know Mr Zhao has alre

26、ady got it.2Have you read any books on Mars? No, I have never read a single word about Mars.3Have people been to Mars? No, we have never been there.4The astronaut has just gone back to the earth.5The spaceship hasnt sent any information back to us yet.根据汉语意思完成句子1我刚到这儿，还不认识几个人。 I have just arrived/go

27、t here and I havent known several people yet 2我还没有问他。 I havent asked him yet . 3迈克刚刚做完了作业。 Mike has just done/finished his homework4她现在不在这里，她去广州了。 She isnt here now. She has gone to Guangzhou. 5我的弟弟已经看过这部电影了。 My brother has seen_ the movie already. 6“你曾经去过巴黎吗？” “是的，我去过那儿两次。”Have you ever been to Par

28、is? Yes, I have been there twice. 7这本书我可以借多久？ How long can I keep the book?8虽然这本书他已经读了三遍了，但是他希望再读一遍。Though he_has read the book three times, he hopes to read it a fourth time.9“你想念你的哥哥吗？”“是的，非常想念，我3个月没有收到他的来信了。”Do you miss_ your brother?Yes, very much. I havent heard from him for three months.102015佛山至今，145个国家参加了2015意大利米兰世博会。So far, 145 countries have taken part in the 2015 World Expo in Milan, Italy.按要求完成下列各题1I have already finished my homework.(改为否定句)I havent finished my homework _yet 2He