届高考英语完形填空议论文与说明文备考范例.docx

1、届高考英语完形填空议论文与说明文备考范例2016届高考英语完形填空议论文与说明文备考范例完形填空之说明文文体 Step I 说明文类完形填空的命题特点说明文类完形填空题常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章可以是用来说明某一个存在的社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。由于以上特点，这类文章的每一段通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往对说明的话题进行概括说明。Step II 2

2、012年全国新课标卷的完形填空试题（说明文）Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks _36_ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more _37_ than we realize. In fact, nonverbal communication (非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really _38_.And body language is part

3、icularly _39_ when we attempt to communicate across cultures (文化)Indeed, what is called body language is so _40_ a part of us that its actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it._41_， different societies treat the _42_ between people differently. Northern Europeans usuall

4、y do not like having _43_ contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with _44_.People from Latin American countries, _45_， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in _46_， it may look like a Latino is _47_ a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friends

5、hip, will keep moving _48_.The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep _49_ which the Latino will in return regard as _50_.Clearly, a great deal is going on when people _51_.And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from _52_ cultures, theres a stron

6、g possibility of _53_.But whatever the situation, the best _54_ is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be _55_.36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further37. A. sands B. invitations C. feelings D. messages38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean39. A. immediate B. misle

7、ading C. important D. difficult40. A. wep B. far C. much D. long41. A. For example B.Thus C.However D. In short42. A. trade B.distance C. connections D. greetings43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone44. A. strangers B. Relatives C. neighbours D. Enemies45. A. in other words B. on the other han

8、d C. in a similar way D. by all means46. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment47. A. disturbing B. Helping C. guiding D. following48. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out50. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. col

9、dness51. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D.nervousness54. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleasedStep III 解答说明文类完形填空的应试策略 （以2012年完形试题为例）1利用说明文的首句查找说明主体说明

10、文一般开头点题，即作者往往在首句直接提出说明对象。这篇文章的首句为： Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all！故文章说明的主体就是“body language”。2把握说明文的两种结构模式(1)总分式。包括“总分、分总、总分总”等具体形式。本篇文章采用“总分总”模式，即先说明“body language”的重要性，然后用跨文化交流的一个例子来说明，即“Northern Europeans”和“People from Latin American countries”在交流中的“body langu

11、age”，最后作总结。(2)递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。Step IV 解答说明文类完形填空的3个解题步骤第一步：通过短文首尾句抓主旨说明文的篇首会出现话题中心，通过首段可把握文章的主题；而尾句往往是文章的结论或点睛之笔。利用开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句可以概括出本篇文章的大

12、意：身势语在交际中的重要性，并举了一些相关的例子。第二步：填空时关注段落或意群间的内在联系文章第一段可以分为三个意群。第一个意群为前两句，提出“body language”的重要性超过了语言，故_36_题自然成为louder；第二个意群第3、4句，从专家的角度列举论据；第三个意群为513句，其中心内容为：Indeed, what is called body language is so _40_ a part of us that its actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.；然后以8

13、13句的具体事例说明中心内容。在第一段说明“body language”在交际中的重要作用的基础上，第二段提出了解决“misunderstanding”的方法，即第三段的最后一句：treat others as you would like to be _55_。第三步：重览短文，查缺补漏通读文章，检查思路是否顺畅及有无逻辑关系错误，同时填补遗留的空缺。step V 应用体验-(2013安徽高考)Ifyouwanttolearnanewlanguage,theveryfirstthingtothinkaboutiswhy.Doyouneeditfora_36_reason,suchasyour

14、joboryourstudies?_37_perhapsyoureinterestedinthe_38_,filmsormusicofadifferentcountryandyouknowhowmuchitwillhelptohavea_39_ofthelanguage.Mostpeoplelearnbestusingavarietyof_40_,buttraditionalclassesareanideal（理想的）startformanypeople.They_41_anenvironmentwhereyoucanpracticeunderthe_42_ofsomeonewhosgooda

15、tthelanguage.Wealllead_43_livesandlearningalanguagetakes_44_.Youwillhavemoresuccessifyoustudyregularly,sotrytodevelopa_45_.Itdoesntmatterifyouhaventgotlong.Becomingfluentinalanguagewilltakeyears,butlearningtogetbytakes_46_.Manypeoplestartlearningalanguageandsoongiveup.“Imtoo_47_,”theysay.Yes,childre

16、ndolearnlanguagesmore_48_thanadults,butresearchhasshownthatyoucanlearnalanguageatany_49_.Andlearningisgoodforthehealthofyourbrain,too.Ivealsoheardpeople_50_aboutthemistakestheymakewhen_51_.Well,relaxandlaughaboutyourmistakes_52_youremuchlesslikelytomakethemagain.Learninganewlanguageisnever_53_.Butwi

17、thsomeworkanddevotion,youllmakeprogress.Andyoullbe_54_bythepositivereactionofsomepeoplewhenyousayjustafewwordsin_55_ownlanguage.Goodluck!36.A.technicalB.politicalC.practical D.physical37.A.After B.So C.ThoughD.Or38.A literature B. transport C. agriculture D. medicine 39.A view B. knowledge C. form D

18、. database 40.A paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers 41.A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide 42.A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure 43.A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal 44.A. courage B. time C. energy D. place 45.A. theory B. business C. routine D. project 46.A. some r

19、isks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more 47.A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired 48.A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly 49.A. age B. speed C. distance D. school 50.A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel 51.A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning 52.A. if B. and C. but D. befo

20、re 53.A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy 54.A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed 55.A. their B. his C. our D.your提示： 读懂文章是关键1文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章就学习外语的原因、方法以及外语学习与年龄、犯错误之间的关系等进行了讨论。2文章脉络：探讨学习外语的原因探讨学习外语的方法探讨学习外语与年龄、犯错误之间的关系总结：努力、坚持学就有会有所收获。step V 随堂即时训练 Children have lost touch with na

21、ture and the outdoors in just one generation! Recently a campaign encouraging children to put away _1_ and play outside has been organized. The campaign, said to be the biggest _2_， has been launched with the _3_ of a documentary film, Project Wild Thing. It tells the story of how, _4_ an attempt to

22、 get his daughter and son outside, filmmaker David Bond _5_ as marketing director for nature.The call to renew a _6_ with nature comes from about 400 organizations, from playgroups to the National Health Service. Children are being _7_ to take back their “wild time”， _8_ 30 minutes of screen use for

23、 outdoor activities. The organizers _9_ that giving up 30 minutes of television and computer games each day in exchange for outdoor play will increase the _10_ of fitness and alertness and improve childrens wellbeing.According to the chairman Andy Simpson, right now, time spent outdoors is _11_， act

24、ivity levels are declining and the ability to identify common species has been _12_.“With many more parents becoming _13_ the dominance (统治地位) of screen time in their childrens lives, and growing scientific evidence that a decline in _14_ time is bad news for the health and happiness of our children

25、, we all need to become marketing directors for nature. We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids development, independence and creativity, by giving wild time a _15_，” said Mr. Simpson.In Mr. Bonds opinion, the reasons why kids, _16_ they live in cities or the coun

26、tryside, have become _17_ from nature and the outdoors are complex. “We need to make more space for wild time in childrens daily routine, _18_ this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted. Its all about finding _19_ on your doorstep and discovering the sig

27、hts, sounds and _20_ of nature maybe in a back garden, a local park, or just green space at the end of the road.”1. A. subjects B. screens C. stages D. scenes 2. A. ever B. likely C. then D. even 3. A. outcome B. direction C. exposure D. release 4. A. by B. on C. for D. in 5. A. behaves B. acts C. t

28、reats D. regards 6. A. connection B. commitment Ccontract D. campaign 7. A. pulled B. forced C. urged D. warned 8. A. providing B. taking C. swapping D. preparing 9. A. allow B. admit C. acquire D. argue 10. A. amounts B. levels C. degrees D. standards 11. A. down B. up C. over D. off 12. A. develop

29、ed B. shown C. tested D. lost 13. A. delighted with B. guilty of C. concerned about D. desperate for 14. A. free B. active C. spare D. normal 15. A. go B. bit C. look D. fit 16. A. while B. though C. as D. whether 17. A. escaped B. disconnected C. suffered D. protected 18A. freeing B. forbidding C.

30、seeking D. serving 19. A. imagination B. fortune C. wildness D. solution 20. A. senses B. voices C. features D. smells完形填空之议论文文体 Step I 议论文类完形填空的命题特点议论文是高考完形填空题中较难的一种文体，它一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。要做好议论文型完形填空，最重要的是抓住作者的论点。Step II 2014新课标卷卷的完形填空试题（议论文）As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they aare performed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this_41_at work in people of all_42_. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about_43_with th