21世纪大学英语第四册课后答案.docx

1、21世纪大学英语第四册课后答案第一单元TEXT AII1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makesor has made to human civilization.2.The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence anddedication in achieving greatness.3.Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of

2、crisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders.4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and asocial person.5.Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as theability to communicate effectively.6.The ability to overcome traditional ways o

3、f thinking is also crucial.7.They simply dont devote the amount of time required.8.The study showed that enjoying one s work is the best form ofmotivation.2IV1.chat 2.acknowledge 3.motivated 4.charcteristic5.despite 6.influential 7.cited 8.obstacle9.intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate13.con

4、tribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.moraleV1.left behind 2.rise 3.made history 4.were endowedwith5.put up with 6.going nowhere 7.ifocuses on 8.be built on9.put in e up with 11.take charge 12.set.apartVIefficiency emergency fluency frequencyproficiency tendency urgency sufficiency1.fluency 2

5、.proficiency 3.emergency 4.Efficiency5.tendency 6.frequency3VII1.For some students, its not that they dont put in enough time itsthat they dont have good study habits.2.Children perform differently at school. Its not that they have differentIQs its that they are brought up in different environments.

6、3.The company is not very productive. Its not that its staff arenttalented its that their energy hasnt been channeled effectively.4.Im really sorry. Its not that I dont want to go to the cinema with you its that I have to finish my paper tonight.5.You have a stomachache. Its not that the food was ba

7、d itsprobably that you have too much stress from your work.VIII1.President Wilson didnt try to bring the US back to economic andpolitical isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperationthrough an association of nations. 2.Computers dont teach students ingroups. Instead, they can help th

8、em learn effectively according to their4different needs.3.We shouldnt focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solvethe problem of the greatest urgency at present.4.He dosent get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend toeverything himself.5.Teaching success shouldnt be measure

9、d by the scores the studentsreceive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the studentshave internalized the ability and desire to learn.IXBCBAD DCABA DABCAX西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。“人们往往认为他们天生具有一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。“但研究结果表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础

10、之上的。”他举出二战时期的英国首相温斯顿?丘吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们绝不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底我们永远不会屈服。”5XI1.Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Suchcharacteristics as their family and educational backgrounds areconsidered less important.2.His

11、 uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer putup with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of timeand energy, or youll go nowhere. The same can be said of othersubjects.4.Some actors fame is built on

12、their innate beauty, but despite hisshort stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent actingthat set him apart.5.After he took charge, we discovered that there were strikingdifferences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive andpassion, came up with many new ideas, and focus

13、ed his work on how toraise our morale.6.Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared Chinas reform andopening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lastingcontributions to our countrys modernization with his unrelentingefforts.67.Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardw

14、orkingperson with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besidesones IQ, many other factors have much to do with ones achievements.8.This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so shecan really teach them something. Its not that she is talented, its thatshe focuses comp

15、letely or drawing their full attention in class.第二单元TEXT AII1.He got no thanks for returning a wallet, though he deserved to.2.He wants to show how much people need gratitude to keep up aspirit of kindness and cooperation.3.She saved up for two years, went to Normandy in person, and gaveher sons gol

16、d wristwatch to the woman.4.He send a short recording expressing his appreciation of the authorsthoughtfulness and sent it to the author.75.A patient whose life was saved by a blood transfusion came backagain and again to donate his blood anonymously so that more patientscould be saved.6.He does it

17、by citing W.H. Hudsons gratitude for his wifes day-to-dayheroism.7.Those people who do little things for us all year round.8.It can make people take infinite pains with their work.9.Gratitude is needed all the time and none of us can give too much ofit.III1.intention 2.sincere 3.glaring 4.sore5.trac

18、e 6.render 4.denial 5.proof9.tribute 7.conventional 11.generous 12.gratitude13.slammed 14.agreeableIV1.caught/took my fancy 2.a mistake on Johns part3.take for granted 4.think twice85.saved up 6.referred to7.boast about 8.took pains with9.refrain from 10.something of11.in one way or another 12.fed u

19、pV1.altitude 2.aptitude 3.attitude 4.longitude5.fortitude 6.mulitiude 7.latitude 8.solitudeVI1.coordination 2.coexist 3.co-workers 4.co-owners5.co-authored 6.Cooperation 7.Coeducation 8.copilotVII1.no sacrifice for the education of the young was too great2.No price is too high to pay in order to sav

20、e their lives3.cannot be too careful in performing an experiment94.They cannot praise him too much5.can not be overemphasized6.cannot be overestimatedVIIIBACDD BABCD BADCAIX一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。我的一个病人在出院几个星期后回到医院感谢他的护士。“我没有更早地回来，”他解释说，“是因为我猜想你们对于人们的感激一定厌烦得要命。”“ 正好相反，”她回答说，“我很高兴你来。很少有人意识到我们多么需要鼓励

21、，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。”我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所依据的正是这些微笑、我们所表示的感谢和我们表示欣赏的各种小小的示意动作。X1.He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.102.Johns sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who renderedhim generous help when he was in difficulty.3.He is something of a st

22、amp collector. The fact that once he saved upfor two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.4.The beauty of these roses could not be overstated. They took/caughtall the visitors fancy in one way or another.5.At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways inthis area. Then a c

23、areful calculation of the expenditure compelled himto think twice before he made the final decision.6.Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friendBill never fails to acknowledge it.7.The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in theold couples letter, which

24、 is a tribute to the young mans effort atimproving their living conditions.8.Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his doorand boasted about their products every day, he refrained fromslamming the door in their face.第三单元TEXT AII1.He changed his perspective and observed people who did

25、 not havesmallpox.2.He wants to give a good example of lateral thinking.3.He compares the human brain to a computer and the change of onespoint of view to the reprogramming of the computer.4.It is to fight it.5.He calls it vertical thinking.6.He used the technique of lateral thinking.7.The key is to

26、 make a shift in emphasis instead of fighting the problemhead-on.8.They should change their point of view and regard themselves as theirbodys keeper.9.Very often lateral thinking yields much better results than verticalthinking.10.It is approaching the target from a sideways point of view instead of

27、12approaching it directly.III1.tactic 2.utmost 3.structure 4.slack 5.significance6.head-on 7.dead end 8.erased 9.framework10.vertical;vertical11.ceased 12.flaw 13.implies 14.affirmedIV1.wound up being 3.take in 5.take over2.pulling on 4.in effect 6.ended up teachingV1.approach 2.fought 3.cure 4.pres

28、sured5.focus 6.approach 7.program 8.experienced9.switch 10.escape 11.fail 12.escaped13VIassistant accountant servant dependant attendantcontestant defendant consultant inhabitant occupant1.attendant 2.servant 3.consultans 4.contestant 5.accountant6.occupants 7.assistant 8.inhabitants 9.dependants 10

29、.defendantVII1.of use2.of great importance3.of great/critical/extreme significance4.of little value5.of marked benefit6.of invaluable help14VIII1. should have told me at once2.2.should have told me beforehand3.3.should have left the company long ago4. never should have happened5. should have left th

30、irty minutes ago6. should have phonedIXCDBDA BBDBB CABDCX一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。“进展越困难，硬汉子越向前”这句话便代表了这种解决问题的积极进取的态度。不管是什么问题，不管可以用来解决问题的方法是什么，我们西方人的思维方式所产生的框架总是搏斗。德博诺医生称之为纵向思维；即那种传统的、按顺序的、亚里士多德式的逻辑思维，坚定地从一步移到下一步，就像玩具积木一块搭在另一块之上。当然，它的缺陷是，如果在任何时刻其中一步没有达到，或者一块积木没有放对，那么整个结构就会15坍塌。事情就会陷入僵局，沮丧、紧张和搏斗的情绪就会笼罩心头。横向

31、思维，德博诺医生说，是对事物进行思考的一种新方法一种完全避免这种拼搏，用一种完全出人意料的方式解决问题的方法。XI1.Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it untilhe learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which hadseemed to reach a dead end.3.The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed bythe local government. Whether it will be carried out on time is of theutmost significance to the develop