外研版八年级下知识点详解加题目.docx

1、外研版八年级下知识点详解加题目教学内容：一、课前导入二、知识点梳理1. He keeps fighting bad people.keep doing sth.表示“坚持做某事；一直做某事”。例：The old man keeps walking for five miles every day. 这位老人每天坚持走五英里。【考点】keep后跟名词、代词或动名词。例：I dont know why he keeps writing every day. 我不知道他为什么每天都不停地写。【重点】keep的其他用法。（1）keep（sth./sb.）形容词 意为“使（某物/某人）保持、继续（处于某

2、种状态）”。eg：She kept the child quiet.她让孩子保持安静。（2）keep sb.from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。其同义短语为stop sb.from doing sth.和prevent sb. from doing sth.例：Robbie couldnt keep the children from playing football in the street. 罗比不能阻止孩子在街上踢足球。典例精讲：1. The twin brothers always keep （argue） about what TV programmes to w

3、atch.（南京）2. I was so tired that I couldnt keep my eyes.A. opening B. openC. opened D.to open举一反三：翻译句子我们必须阻止孩子们吸烟。（keep.from）_2. I cant help laughing when I watch them！cant help doing（sth.）忍不住做（某事）例：When the boy heard the sad news, he couldnt help crying.当男孩听到这个不幸的消息时，他禁不住哭起来。【重点】cant help doing sth.

4、的同义词组为cant stop doing sth.注意区分cant help（to）do sth.“不能帮忙做某事”。例：I cant help（to）wash the dishes because I am busy preparing for the entrance exam.我不能帮忙洗碗，因为我正忙着准备入学考试。典例精讲：It was such a funny show that people couldnt help again and again.（福州）A. laugh B.to laugh C. laughinglaugh/lf/ v.笑,发笑例：I think a go

5、od friend makes me laugh. 我觉得好朋友能逗我开心。【拓展】辨析laugh与smilelaugh指出声地“笑”，后面应跟介词at。smile指面部流露出喜悦的表情，指“微笑”，表示“对微笑”时，后应跟介词to/at。典例精讲：根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。Theres a lot of happiness in life if we face it with a _ （微笑）.（莱芜）请不要再嘲笑你的同班同学了，你应该与他们和睦相处。Please dont your classmates .You should get along well with them.（淮安）3

6、. He leads a group of monkeys against the Emperor of Heaven and his men.lead/lid/v.领导；率领例：Who will lead the party in the next election？在下一届选举中谁将领导这个政党？【考点】lead的过去式和过去分词都为led。常用结构：lead sb.to do sth.表示“引导或领导某人做某事”；lead to 表示“导致，通向”。例：My father leads me to help people in trouble.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。 This

7、road leads to the hotel.这条路通向旅馆。典例精讲：根据所给汉语完成句子。Mr Wang us out of the forest. 王先生领着我们走出了森林。4. They always expect to see more Monkey King cartoons.expect/kspekt/v.期盼；等待；预计例：I have already known what I expect. 我已经知道我期待什么了【考点】expect通常为及物动词，后接不定式；也可接that从句，若从句为否定，注意否定转移。例：You cant expect to learn a fore

8、ign language in a few months. 不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。典例精讲：Has Jane done the washing yet？You cannot her to do such a thing.（苏州）A.want B.hope C.expect D.wish举一反三：Leonardo DiCaprio，a famous American actor，was always expecting an Oscar and finally he made it.（广东）A.to winB.winning C.not to win D.not winning5.

9、 Ever since the artist Herg invented him in 1929.ever since 表示“从起”。例：He has been fond of playing football ever since he was a child.他从小就喜欢踢足球。【考点】ever since用法与since相近。后跟时间点或从句（常用过去时），构成表示时间段的短语或从句，主句常用现在完成时。例：He has been ill ever since last Monday. 从上周一开始他一直病着。【拓展】ever since还可作副词，意为“从那以后一直”，常用在句尾。例：

10、He has made many friends ever since. 自从那时起他已经结交了很多朋友。典例精讲：I met Lucy in the primary school and we have been close friends.（丽水）A.as usual B.again and again C.sooner or later D.ever sinceinvent/nvent/v.发明；创造例：He invented a new teaching method. 他发明了一种新的教学方法。【考点】辨析invent与discoverinvent“发明”，指创造出原来自然界不存在的

11、东西，如工具、方法、手段等。Who invented the telephone？谁发明了电话？ discover“发现或找到”某种自然界本来就存在，但以前未被人类发现或认识的事物，也可指出乎意料地发现某物。I discovered an unopened letter in the drawer.我在抽屉里发现了一封未拆的信。【拓展】inventor发明者，发明家 invention发明；创造；创造力典例精讲：Could you please tell us about the four great （发明）of China？（烟台）举一反三：根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。If you cou

12、ld （发明） something new，what product would you develop？（平凉）6. Snoopy lives in his own private world and finds real life hard to understand.own/n/adj.自己的例：I saw it with my own eyes.我亲眼所见的。【考点】辨析of ones own与on ones ownof ones own意为“（某人）自己的”，一般用作定语。on ones own意为“独自”，一般用作状语，相当于by oneself。典例精讲：Its dangerou

13、s for you to go out for a walk in the forest at night.（德州）A.on businessB.by the way C.on your own D.on the top7. Charles Schulz created Snoopy and his friends，and drew the cartoons to satisfy older people as well as children.satisfy/stsfa/v.使满意；满足例：Your plan will not satisfy everyone. 你的计划不会让每个人都满意【

14、考点】satisfy为动词，后接名词或代词作宾语。satisfy sb.意为“使某人满意”。例：His homework satisfies the teacher. 他的作业让老师很满意。【重点】辨析satisfied和satisfyingsatisfied形容词满足的常用来修饰或描述人satisfying形容词令人满足的常用来修饰或描述事物典例精讲：Mr Green is very happy because he is satisfied with his students work today.（选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项）（黔西南）A.is moved by B.is goo

15、d for C.is fond of D.is pleased withas well as 和；不但而且例：His father as well as his mother is watching TV. 他的爸爸和他的妈妈正在看电视。【考点】当as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上与前者保持一致，强调的是前者。例：Jim as well as his friends loves the pet cat. 吉姆和他的朋友们都喜欢这只宠物猫典例精讲：The summer holidays are coming，so the twins as well as Jack to H

16、ong Kong for vacation.（黄石）A.is goingB.are going C.goes D.go【易错点】as well as与not only.but also.二者均意为“不但而且”，区别如下：A as well as B强调的是A，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与A保持一致。Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我友好。not only Abut also B强调的是B，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与B保持一致。Not only Lily but also her parents enjoy c

17、lassical music very much.不仅莉莉而且她的父母也非常喜欢古典音乐。典例精讲：根据所给汉语提示完成句子。How can I speak English （与你一样好）, Rose？Practice makes perfect. （连云港）8. Parents and children laugh together as the Monkey King makes a terrible mess in heaven.当美猴王把天宫搞得一团糟时，父母与孩子一起大笑。as此处用作连词，意为“当时”，引导时间状语从句。例：As Tom was reading, Jim was w

18、riting.汤姆看书的时候，吉姆在写东西。As I washed clothes, I listened to the music.我边洗衣服边听音乐。【考点】辨析as, when与whileas强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或同时进行，意为“当时；一边一边”。例：As I was walking down the street, an old man asked me about the way to the station.当我在街上走时，一位老人问我去车站怎么走。when可以表示从句和主句的动作同时发生，也可以表示从句的动作先于主句的动作。在表示两个动作同时发生时，可与while和as互

19、换。例：When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.当我进入房间时，我发现他躺在那里睡着了。Mary arrived when/ as/ while I was cooking lunch.在我做午饭时，马丽来了。while表示“当.时；在期间”，强调从句表示持续性的动作或者状态，而且强调从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生或者主句的动作是在从句动作发生的过程中发生的。例：She entered the room while I was watching TV.她进来时我正在看电视。 While I was reading, s

20、he was playing.我在读书时，她在玩耍。典例精讲：用while, when与as 填空(1) _ he was reading, he fell asleep.(2) _ he came in, I was having lunch.(3) _ time went by, she became more and more nervous.mess此处用作可数名词，意为“脏乱；凌乱”。mess通常只用单数形式，in a mess意为“杂乱不堪”；make a mess意为“搞得一塌糊涂”。例：The room was in a mess.那个房间杂乱不堪。典例精讲： 补全句子The

21、children _ in the classroom.孩子们把教室搞得一塌糊涂。9. Do you mind if I borrow your book? 如果我借你的书，你介意吗？mind此处用作不及物动词，意为“介意；反对”，常用于疑问句，否定句或者条件句中。mind也可以用作及物动词，后接动名词，名词等。例：I dont mind playing a joke, but this is going too far.我并不介意开玩笑，但这玩笑太过分了。 -Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这里抽烟吗？ -Not at all./ Im sorry, bu

22、t I do. 毫不介意。/ 对不起，我介意。【拓展】mind用作名词时，意为“思想，想法；头脑，智力”。例：Why did you change your mind?你为什么改变主意了？典例精讲：The movie is so interesting that I dont _ seeing it again tomorrow.A. enjoy B. mind C. keep D. finish10. They will probably be popular for many more years in the futures.在将来的多年里它们可能仍受欢迎。in the future意为

23、“在将来，在未来”。例：Will there be fewer trees in the future? 将来会有更少的树吗？【辨析】in the future与in futurein the future在将来，在未来指将来的某些事件，但不一定是从现在就立即开始。My younger brother wants to be an actor in the future.in future今后，从此以后指从说话时开始的全部将来时间。相当于from now on。You cant go out alone in future.三、辨析1. some time 一段时间。记住两点：some和tim

24、e两者之间保持了一定的距离，time后面不加s。（time作为“时间”，是不可数名词）例：The both havent seen each other for some time.这两位有一段时间没联系了。2. sometime 过去或将来不确定的某个时间。记住：some和time两者共同构成一个单词，time后没加s。例：The teacher will question me sometime. 老师不知什么时候就会来提问我。3. some times 几倍，几次。记住：some和times两者各自独立，保持了一定距离。time后加s。例：My father has been to Lo

25、ndon some times. 我爸爸去过伦敦几次了。 The elephant is some times heavier than the monkey.大象要比猴子重好多倍。4. sometimes 有时，偶尔。一般用在一般疑问句中。记住：some和times两者共同构成一个单词。time后有s。例：The clock doesnt work sometimes. 这个钟表有时会罢工的。典例精讲：Maybe our English teacher will ask me to finish the homework_ today, but I guess he will forget

26、it_ because he is very busy.A. sometime; some times B. sometime; sometimesC. some time; sometime D. some times; some time1. sound “声音”，为最常用词，指可以听到的任何声音，强的，弱的，令人愉快的或不愉快的，有意义的或无意义的。如：1 I was reading last night, when suddenly I heard a sound in the next room. 昨晚我正看书时，突然听到隔壁房间有声音。2 Not a sound was heard

27、. 听不到一点声音。2. noise 常指太响或人们不愿听到的声音，“嘈杂声、喧闹声”。1 I am always disturbed by the noise of the traffic. 我老受到车辆噪声的打扰。2 The boys made too much noise. 孩子们太吵闹了。3. voice 指“说话声”“唱歌声”“嗓音”如：1 That sounds like Marys voice. 那声音听起来好象玛丽的声音。2 She has lost her voice.她嗓子哑了。四、课堂小结五、课后作业一、单项选择1The girl is very _and she can

28、 work out all the problems easily.Abrave Bsmart Cugly Dbeautiful 2After the party the room was in a terrible _Adirt Bcleanliness Cmess Ddamage3They expect _ the work on Friday. Afinish Bto finish Cfinishing Dto finishing4Lucy has some secrets. She wants to have a_ talk with us.Arich Bcute Cprivate D

29、public 5I remember the church is_ around here，but why cant I find it?Asomewhere Banywhere Ceverywhere Dnowhere6These _ in the movie are very popular _ children. Aheroes; in Bheroes; with Cheros; in Dheros; with 7Its time _ TV.Please turn on the TV.Awatch Bto watch Cwatching Dwatched8Artists invented good cartoon heroes _ bad people.Aalso Beither Cas well Das well as9Mary kept _ about her vacation plan.Athink Bthinks Cthinking Dthought10They practice very hard because they hope to _ the gold medal in the match.Awin Bbeat Close Dcatch11_