专题二 名词.docx

1、专题二 名词专题二名词高考试题考点一 名词词义辨析1.Poetry written from the of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.(2013湖北,21)A.perspective B.priorityC.participation D.privilege剖析:A考查名词辨析。句意:以都市年轻人的视角写的诗歌往往显示出他们因为缺少归属感而产生的焦虑。perspective视角,观点;priority优先(权),优先考虑的事;participation参加,参与

2、;privilege 特权,优惠。根据句意可知A项正确。2.Carbon dioxide,which makes a between us and the sun,prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily,so the earth is becoming warmer.(2013湖北,22)A.difference B.comparisonC.connection D.barrier剖析:D考查名词辨析。句意:二氧化碳是我们和太阳之间的一道屏障,它使大气里的热量不容易释放出去,于是地球将会变得更暖。difference 分歧

3、,区别;comparison比较;connection联系;barrier障碍,屏障,根据句意可知,选D项。3.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with .(2013江西,22)A.curiosity B.satisfactionC.envy D.patience剖析:D考查名词辨析。句意:无论什么时候我犯了错误,老师总是耐心地把它们指出来。patience“耐心”,符合句意。curiosity“好奇心”;satisfaction“满意,满足”;envy“忌妒”。4.While she was in Paris,she

4、 developed a for fine art.(2013天津,7)A.way B.relationC.taste D.habit剖析:C考查名词辨析。句意:她在巴黎期间,培养了对艺术的兴趣。way“道路,方法”;relation“关系,联系”;taste“爱好,志趣”;habit“习惯,习性”。develop a taste for.“培养对的兴趣”。故选C项。5.As the worlds population continues to grow,the of food becomes more and more of a concern.(2013浙江,4)A.worth B.sup

5、plyC.package D.list剖析:B本题考查名词词义辨析。题干的意思是:“随着世界人口的持续增长,粮食供应越来越令人担忧。”worth价值;supply供应;package包裹;list清单。根据句意应该选择B项。6.The accident caused some to my car,but its nothing serious.(2013辽宁,23)A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage剖析:D考查名词词义辨析。根据后面的its nothing serious可知,造成的破坏不严重,所以不能用ruin毁灭,废墟。damage意为“破坏,损坏”,意思是说程

6、度不是很严重,往往修理之后仍然可以使用。harm意为“伤害,损害”,injury意为“伤害”。7.Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.(2012浙江,7)A.operation B.growthC.performance D.character剖析:C考查名词词义辨析。句意:假如你养成善于反思自己所学的习惯,作为一名学生,你的表现是相当出色的。operation“手术;操作”;growth“生长”;performance“表演;表现”;characte

7、r“性格”“人物”。故选C。8.My first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.(2012山东,24)A.expression B.attentionC.satisfaction D.impression剖析:D句意:我对他的第一印象是他是一个温和、体贴的年轻人。expression表情;attention注意,留心;satisfaction满意;impression印象,由句意可知D项正确。9.Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?

8、Well,you know,English is my .So it is my best choice.(2012福建,25)A.strength B.talentC.ability D.skill剖析:Astrength在此句中并非“人的力气”,而是指“一个人的优势,长处”。talent天赋,才华;ability能力;skill技巧。10.Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .(2012江西,29)A.purpose B.referenceC.progress D.memory剖析:B考

9、查名词的辨析。句意:你最好记下那个饭馆的电话号码以便将来的查询。purpose目的;reference查询;progress进步;memory记忆。由句意可知,B项正确。11. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.(2012湖北,30)A.pattern B.procedure C.program D.perspective剖析:B考查名词辨析。句意:那位官员坚持说迈克尔没有遵循正确的程序申请签证。pattern模式;procedure步骤,程序;program项

10、目;perspective看法。只有B项符合句意。12.The Harry Potter books are quite popular;they are in great in this city.(2012全国,19)A.quantity B.progressC.production D.demand剖析:D考查名词辨析。句意:哈利波特相当受欢迎,这座城市需求量很大。quantity“数量”;progress“进展;进步”;production“生产”;demand“要求;需求”。13.Theres a in our office that when its somebodys birth

11、day,they bring in a cake for us all to share.(2011山东,34)A.tradition B.balanceC.concern D. relationship剖析:A考查名词辨析。句意:在我们办公室有一个传统,当某个人过生日的时候,那个人就会带一个蛋糕来与大家分享。tradition传统,balance平衡,concern关注,relationship关系。过生日与大家分享蛋糕是办公室形成的传统或习惯做法,故用tradition,其他三项均不合题意。14.The lack of eco-friendly habits among the publi

12、c is thought to be a major of global climate change.(2011福建,26)A.result B.causeC.warning D.reflection剖析:Bcause表事情的起因,句意:公众环保习惯的缺乏被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。15.Anyway,I cant cheat him its against all my .(2011浙江,18)A.emotions B.principlesC.regulations D.opinions剖析:B句意:无论如何我都不能欺骗他这违背我做人的原则。principle常用复数形式,意为“(行为

13、)准则,规范”,符合句意。emotion情感;regulation规章;opinion意见,主张。16.The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they dont give you any direct .(2010浙江,16)A.solution B.target C.measure D.function剖析:A句意:校方顾问帮助你彻底说清楚你的问题,但是他们没有给你任何直接的解决方案。solution“解决问题的方法/方案”,符合句意;target“目标”;measure“措施”;function“功能”。17

14、.This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.(2010湖北,21)A.division B.areaC.range D.circle剖析:C考查名词辨析。句意:这家饭店很受欢迎,因为它提供各种食物,能满足各种口味和各种消费层次。range意为“(变动或浮动的)范围”,符合句意。division“分开,分割”;area“地区,区域”;circle“圆形,圈子,界”。18.The World Health Organization gave a warning

15、to the public without any when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.(2009福建,29)A.delay B.effortC.schedule D.consideration剖析:Adelay耽搁, 延误;effort努力;schedule时间表;consideration考虑, 体谅;关心。句意:当H1N1型流感2009年4月袭击墨西哥时, 世界卫生组织毫不迟疑地向人们提出了警告。选A。考点二 名词的固定搭配1.With inspiration from other food cultures,American

16、food culture can take a for the better.(2013江苏,33)A.share B.chanceC.turn D.lead剖析:C本题考查名词的固定搭配。take a share分担,为出力;take a chance冒险;take a turn转弯,转;(情况、形势等)转变;take a lead领先,带头。根据本句关键信息for the better可知讲的是有所好转,变得更好。句意:有了源于其他食品文化的灵感,美国饮食文化可以变得更好。故C项为正确选项。2.You are working too hard.Youd better keep a betw

17、een work and relaxation.(2012天津,3)A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary剖析:C“keep a balance between A and B”意为“在A与B之间找到平衡点”。3.Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens .(2011四川,13)A.touch B.sightC.reach D.distance剖析:C考查名词的固定搭配。句意:千万记住要把像刀子这样的危险物品放在孩子们够不到的地方。由句意可知选C项。4.James

18、 took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.(2010天津,3)A.room B.area C.field D.position剖析:A考查名词的固定搭配。句意:James把小桌上的杂志弄走为电视机腾空间。make room for为固定搭配,意为“为腾出空间”。5.Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n) of 40,000 per year.(2010江西,35

19、)A.average B.number C.amount D.quantity剖析:A考查名词搭配辨析。an average of.“的平均数”,常跟数词;a number of“大量的,很多的”,后跟复数可数名词;an amount of“大量的”,后面常跟不可数名词;a quantity of“大量的”,后面既可跟可数名词复数也可跟不可数名词。句意:去年,毕业学生拿到驾照的数量达到了200 000人,平均每年40 000人。故答案选A。6.The system has been designed to give students quick and easy to the digital

20、resources of the library.(2009浙江,6)A.access B.passageC.way D.approach剖析:A句意:设计这个系统的目的是能够让学生便捷、容易地搜索到图书馆的数字资源。这里give.access to.是固定词组, 表示“能得到, 能进入”, 所以选A。模拟试题考点一 名词词义辨析1.There are times when a play became highly successful, even though most of the critics panned(抨击)it without .(2013安徽江南十校高考模拟)A.mercy

21、B.intentionC.regret D.hesitation剖析:A句意:尽管多数评论家无情地抨击着这部戏,但它还是获得了巨大的成功。根据关键词even though,panned和highly successful可知,是评论家无情地抨击这部戏,因此选mercy,怜悯,without mercy“无情地”。intention目的,意图;regret后悔;hesitation犹豫。2.When trying to find a(n) in our school,you should have at least one years teaching experience.(2013安徽江南十

22、校高三联考)A.location B.positionC.occupation D.profession剖析:B句意:想在我们学校找到一份工作,你应该至少有一年的教学经验。position在此表示(有报酬的)职位,工作;occupation表示职业,工作,经常用在填写表格上;location位置,场所;profession指受过较高教育或受过专门训练的人所从事的职业如建筑师、律师、医师等,常与by连用。结合句意应选B。3.It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disea

23、ses that may not have any .(2013江苏泗阳中学高三第一次模拟)A.symptom B.similarityC.sample D.shadow剖析:A考查名词辨析。句意:定期做眼部检查以便能够发现一些没有症状的眼疾是非常重要的。symptom症状;similarity相似性;sample样品;shadow阴影,背光处。只有A项符合句意。【技巧点拨】 本题需结合语境才能做出正确的选择。4.Currently,many American women are still faced with the of choosing between work and family

24、commitments.(2013合肥高三第一次教学质量检测)A.desperation B.confusionC.dilemma D.concern剖析:C句意:目前许多美国家庭妇女仍面临着是出去工作还是照顾家庭这样进退两难的窘境。desperation绝望;confusion困惑;dilemma进退两难的困境;concern担忧,关心。5.Working hard is not possibly a of great success,but it is one of the essential requirements.(2013山东实验中学第三次诊断性考试)A.mark B.signC.

25、signal D.guarantee剖析:D句意:勤奋工作不能保证你一定会取得巨大成功,但它是取得成功的必要条件之一。由句意可知选guarantee“保证”。mark标记,记号;sign迹象,牌子;signal符号,象征。6.The government needs to the interests of different groups of people to avoid conflicts and see to it that people live safe and happy lives.(2012湖北重点中学联考)A.seek B.balanceC.identify D.combi

26、ne剖析:B句意:为了避免矛盾,并保障人们过得安康幸福,政府需要权衡不同群体的利益。balance“使平衡”;seek“寻找”;identify“鉴定”;combine“合并”。7.The TV series of Gong became popular and the theme song Love the feed sung by Yang Mi was a at once and loved by young people.(2012银川一中第四次考试)A.shock B.strikeC.hit D.beat剖析:C句意:电视连续剧宫很受欢迎,而且杨幂唱的主题曲爱的供养风行一时,受到年轻

27、人喜欢。根据句意选C项,hit表示“风行一时的事物”。8.I have to reschedule the appointment with you since there is a in my arrangement.(2012天津十二区县联考)A.contract B.contrastC.connection D.conflict剖析:D句意:我得重新安排跟你约会的时间,因为我的安排中有冲突。conflict“冲突,矛盾”;contract“合同”;contrast“对比”;connection“联系”。9.Online shopping has become popular in Chi

28、na,which is the result of the fast of our modern life.(2011福州第一次质检)A.action B.style C.pace D.manner剖析:C句意:网上购物已经在中国流行起来,这是我们现代生活快节奏的结果。pace“步伐,速度”,符合句意。style风格;action行动,manner方式。10.Almost every country celebrating a special will set off fireworks.(2011浙江温州第一次适应性测试)A.situation B.stateC.condition D.oc

29、casion剖析:D句意:几乎每个国家在庆祝特别的时刻时都会放烟花。special occasion特殊的时刻(场合)符合句意。situation形势,处境;condition条件,状况;state常指思想、感情、心理等状况。考点二 名词的固定搭配1.One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune to most people, but it will help cover my living .(2013浙江宁波高三第一学期期末考试)A.bills B.expensesC.prices D.charges剖析:B句意:每月1000美元对大多数人来说

30、不算一笔财富,但是足够支付我的生活费用。living expenses为固定搭配指生活费。bill账单;price价格;charge指货物或服务所需的费用。2.The lawyer advised Tom to drop the since he had little chance to win.(2013陕西西安高新一中等五校高三第一次联考)A.affair B.case C.incident D.event剖析:B句意:律师建议Tom撤诉,因为他打赢官司的几率很小。drop the case撤诉,放弃案件,为固定搭配。affair事务;男女之间的暧昧关系;incident严重事件;发生的小

31、事。event大事;赛事。3.If youre around people complaining others, are that you will start to complain as well.(2013浙江海宁高三2月测试)A.reasons B.attemptsC.chances D.messages剖析:C句意:如果你在一群抱怨别人的人群中;你也很可能会开始抱怨。Chances are that .可能为固定句式,chance可能性;reason原因;attempt企图,尝试;message消息。4.I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real .(2013安徽合肥八中高三“一模”适应性考试)A.exchange B.bargainC.trade D.business剖析:B句意:我在大甩卖时仅花10美元就买了