四级翻译常用词汇.docx

1、四级翻译常用词汇菜系食品山东菜 Shandong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake 年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks 豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles 馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐

2、 tofu?bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls 皮蛋 100-year egg；century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg 糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot古代创造中华人民共和国古代四大创造 the four great inventions of ancient China火药 gunpowder 印刷术printing造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass青铜器 bronze ware 瓷器 porcelain；china唐三彩 tri-color

3、 glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing武术 martial arts教诲词汇成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教诲 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement；assignment of graduate充电 update ones knowledge初等教诲 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college c

4、ommunity高等教诲 higher education高等教诲“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers college；normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities

5、高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教诲界 education circle教诲投入 input in education九年义务教诲 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基本课 ba

6、sic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program；syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for childre

7、n of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade；enrollment rate节日词汇春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets庙会 temple f

8、air 爆竹 firecracker年画(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race 胡同hutong经济词汇 总需求 aggregate demand 总供应 aggregate supply公司文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture

9、公司形象 corporate image；enterprise image跨国公司 cross-national corporation创业精神 enterprising spirit；pioneering spirit外资公司 foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济 holiday economy人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertain

10、ment industry信息产业 information industry知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型公司 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purcha

11、sing power熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market城乡化 urbanization 房地产 real estate首付 down-payment 业主 home owner个人购房贷款 individual housing loan经济全球化 economic globalization经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ)经济增长 economic growth泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量 the size of money supply流动

12、性过剩excess liquidity经济过热 overheated economy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性 to inject liquidity贴现率 discount rate存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO)逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement；reverse repo引导减少市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level稳健货币

13、政策prudent monetary policy微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy硬着陆 hard landing软着陆 soft landing二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O)财政部长 Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目的the expected growth target for the whole year经济活力 economic vitality大规模经济刺激筹划 a massive economic stimulus package构造改革 structural reform硬资产 hard assets软

14、资产 soft assets有形资产 tangible assets经济走廊 economic corridor整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order反垄断 antitrust；anti-monopoly定价浮动 price fluctuations谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理 debt management信用支持 cred

15、it support科技词汇vanish vi. 消失、突然间消失例：My fear varnished. 我恐惊突然消失。digital a. 数字、数字显示考：digital age数码时代Electrical a.电，与电关于考：electrical appliance电器设备Electronic a. 电子考：electronicdevice电子设备optical a.光、眼例：optical instruments光学仪器universal a.普遍,全体;通用,万能派：universe n.宇宙例：universal truth普遍真理solar a.太阳能例：solar ener

16、gy太阳能solid a. 固体、实心、结实例：solid fuel固体燃料 solid evidence可信证据派：solidarity n. 团结solidify v. 凝固infinite a. 无限、无边无际例：infinite patience无限耐心Mechanical a. 机械例：mechanical engineering机械工程师派：mechanic a.机械precise a. 精准派：precisionn. 精准logical a. 逻辑派：logic n. 逻辑 illogical a. 不合逻辑psychological a. 心理、心理学派：psychology

17、n.心理Phenomenon n. 现象、迹象派：phenomenal a. 明显考：a common phenomenon普遍现象bacteria n. 细菌element n. 元素、成分、元件派：elemental a. 基本、元素 elementary a. 基本、初步biology n. 生物学、生态学evolution n.演变、进化例：the theory of evolution进化论Mathematics n. 算术派：mathematical a. 数学上formula n. 原则、方案、公式例：peace formula和平方案statistic n.记录数值、记录资料例

18、：statistic data记录数据vitamin n. 维生素protein n. 蛋白质oxygen n. 氧、氧气记：oxy(氧)+gen(产生)=氧气carbon n. 碳考：carbon dioxide二氧化碳Measurement n. 衡量、测量例：three measurements三围派：measure vt. 衡量,测量Intelligence n. 智力、智慧、情报派：intelligent a. 智慧例：artificial intelligence人工智能graph n. 图表、图解navigation n. 航行、导航派：navigate v. 导航例：navig

19、ation system导航系统dimension n.方面、纬、长(或宽、厚)等派：dimensional a. 空间例：three dimensional space三纬空间名胜古迹长城 the Great Wall of China 烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山

20、Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan；the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass 九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林

21、 Suzhou gardens 西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower 四合院 quadrangle；courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple 乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama儒道老庄儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism 墨家Mohism法家 Legalism 佛教 Bud

22、dhism孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu 孙子Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters 中华人民共和国社会多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lo

23、tteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性另歧视 ge

24、nder/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country，Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合伙 South-South Cooperation南北对话 N

25、orth-South Dialog人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up 公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 筹划生育 family planning筹划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family plann

26、ing4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领 土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spi

27、rit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一种中华人民共和国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength 共同愿望common desire“走

28、出去”(战略)going global 不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism 多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multi-polar world 人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate 社区服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics 盗用公款embezzlement中华人民共和国特色京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfo 太极Tai Chi口 技 ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics 相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy中华人民共和国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting中华人民共和国结 Chinese knot