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全国各地高考单项填空真题不看后悔.docx

1、全国各地高考单项填空真题不看后悔I 单项填空(一)名词和主谓一致1. (2010江苏卷T22)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _.A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization 2. (2010安徽卷T25)I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has

2、 changed beyond .A. hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure3. (2010湖北卷T21)This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A. division B. area C. range D. circle4. (2010湖北卷T22)After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide

3、 for the homeless families.A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture5. (2010湖南卷T33)Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A. isB. areC. hasD. have6. (2010江西卷T 35).Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,

4、000, a(n) of 40,000 per year.A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity7. (2010山东卷T33)Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter8. (2010陕西卷T 24). It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being b

5、uilt B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built9. (2010四川卷T 15). Such poets as Shakespeare widely read, of whose works, however, some difficult to understand.A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are10. (2010天津卷T3). James took the magazines off the little table to make for the televi

6、sion.A. room B. area C. field D. position11. (2010浙江卷16). The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they dont give you any direct _ .A. solution B. target C. measure D. function【答案解析】1. 【解析】选B。考查名词辨义。句意:那个医生擅于治疗心脏病,并且从来不接受病人的礼物,所以他有非常好的名声。本题考查名词辨义:expectation(期望,预期);reputation(名声);

7、contribution(贡献,致力);civilization(文明)。根据句意选择B项。2. 【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:从Sara还是个小女孩时起,我就没再见过过她,她现在已经变得让人认不出了。hearing 听觉;strength强度,力气,力量;recognition 认出,承认; measure 大小,度量单位,范围,程度。3. 【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:由于有广泛的食物(选择)适合所有口味和收入的人群的需要,这家餐馆已经火了。由定语从句that suit all tastes and pockets可以推定所选词应表示“(选择)范围”,因此选择C。divis

8、ion 分开,分担;area 面积,地区,领域;circle 圆圈,环形物;均不合题意。4. 【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:地震之后,当地政府首先做的是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。由语境(after the earthquake)可知,对the homeless families首先应当提供的是住处,因此选择A。occupation 职业,占有;equipment 设备;furniture 家具;均不合题意。5. 【解析】选C。考查主谓一致和语态。由于caused后有宾语,故该用主动语态,即可排除A、B。考虑到主语是动名词短语,所以谓语动词该用单数。故选C。句意:在摇滚演唱会上听超响的音

9、乐已对一些青少年造成了听力的丧失。6. 【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。 句意: 去年毕业有驾照的学生达到了20万, 平均每年有4万。an average of 平均; a number of 许多; an amount of 许多, 修饰不可数名词; a quantity of 许多 ,修饰可数名词或不可数名词。根据语境per year 可知此处指的是平均数。7. 【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意为:那些患头痛的人将会发现服用了这种药头痛可以得到缓解。relief缓解,减轻;safety 安全;defense 防御;shelter 保护,避难所,躲避处;根据四个名词选项,可判断A项为正确答案

10、。8. 【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。根据 “many a + 单数可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式,可排除A、B。根据时间状语at present (目前,现在),要用现在进行时,所以又可排除C。9. 【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。当“名词/代词+介词短语”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数通常取决于名词或代词的单复数,因此第一空的单复数取决于poets;非限制性定语从句的主语是some of whose works,故选项A正确。10. 【解析】选A。考查名词辨义。句意:詹姆斯把那本杂志从小桌子上拿走,好腾出地方来放电视机。room n(U) 空间,地方;(C)房间,室; area 地区,面积

11、; field田间,领域 ;position 位置,地点; room 在此是不可数名词,空间,地方。make room for 给。腾地方。11. 【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。本句意义为:“虽然学校顾问会帮你解释清楚问题,但是他们不会给出任何直接解决的办法。”solution 解决办法,符合语义要求。target目标;measure尺寸,措施;function功能。(二)冠词1. (2010江苏卷T21)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that _ people from all walks of life are w

12、orking hard for_ new Jiangsu.A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. the; a D. the; the 2. (2010北京卷T35)First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _first impression. A. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a3. (2010福建卷T 21). Its good feeling for people to admire the Shangha

13、i World Expo that gives them _pleasure.A. 不填, a B. a, 不填 C. the, a D. a, the4. (2010辽宁卷T22)There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth.Athe; the B. 不填; the Cthe; 不填 Da; the5. (2010山东卷T22) If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view.

14、A. 不填;the B. 不填;a C. the; a D. the;the6. (2010四川卷T2). In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life.A. the; a B. the; 不填 C.不填; 不填 D.不填; a7. (2010浙江卷T2). Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up _weakening of the human body.A. a; /

15、B. /; the C. a; the D. /; /8. (2010重庆卷T27).Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, a B. the, / C. the, / D. a, /【答案解析】1. 【解析】选A。考查冠词用法。句意:使这儿的来宾印象非常深刻的是,来自各行各业的人都在为建设一个新江苏而努力工作。本题中第一空指“来自各行各业的人”,集体名词people表示泛指,所以其前面不用冠词;第二空指“一个新江苏”,专有名词Jiangsu 前有形容词new,加不

16、定冠词表示泛指,指具有某种性质的物(或者人)。所以选择A项。2. 【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意:第一印象是最持久的。毕竟,你不会再一次得到机会留下第一印象的。 “ “a + 序数词 + 单数可数名词”表示“又一,再一”;后面是短语make a first impression,表示“留下第一印象”。3. 【解析】选B。考查冠词的用法。句意为:对于人们来说,欣赏带给他们快乐的上海世博会是一种美好的感觉。feeling指伤心或快乐的感觉时通常用作可数名词;pleasure“愉快,高兴”,通常用作不可数名词。4. 【解析】选B。考查冠词。句意:太空中有超过58,000块的岩状物体,其中大约有900块

17、可能掉到地球上。in space 是固定短语,不用冠词,第二空名词earth属于独一无二事物的名词,其前必须用定冠词。5. 【解析】选C.。考查冠词用法。句意为:如果我们坐在汽车的前部,我们就会看得更清楚。第一个空the front of the bus指公共汽车内部的前面,此处用the定指;第二空中have a better view 意为“更好地看到”。have a good view of清楚看到,看到.的美景。【知识拓展】冠词用法的考查常用以下几个命题角度:(1)不定冠词a/an在句中表示泛指一个;Shanghai has become a world-class metro.(2)定

18、冠词表示特指,用于指前面已经提到的人或物以及带有限定成分的名词、某些专有名词等。 With the 2010 World EXPO taking place in Shanghai, the city has become the centre of the world attention. (3)冠词在某些特定短语中的应用;I was at a loss what we can do with such a naughty boy. (4)零冠词用法:在某些物质名词及抽象名词前不使用冠词。Metal has replaced wood in constructing high buildin

19、gs. (5)抽象名词具体化用法:在某些名词如success, failure, surprise, disappointment, shock等用于指一件事或一个的人,常在其前加a/an. What a disappointment it was to learn that he had turned down our request.6. 【解析】选D。考查冠词。most countries此处表示泛指,most前不加定冠词the;start在句中的意思是“起点”,是可数名词,故选项D正确。7. 【解析】选B。 考查冠词的用法。第一个空格中的“do harm to”为固定搭配,中间不用冠词

20、,第二个空格后由于有of引导的后置定语,所以weakening前加the予以限定。8. 【解析】选D。句意:任何事情都是要付出代价的,在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。price是可数名词单数形式,表泛指须要加不定冠词a,no such thing 是固定搭配,不用冠词,结构是no such+名词:no such person,no such book。 (三)代词1. (2010 全国卷IT23) Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and _ half learning drawing.A. another B. the other

21、C. others D. other2. (2010全国卷IIT12)Neither side is prepared to talk to _ unless we can smooth things over between them.A. others B. the other C. another D. one other3. (2010全国卷IIT14)The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it4. (2010安徽卷T21)You are the te

22、am star! Working with _is really your cup of tea.A. both B. either C. others D. the other5.(2010福建卷T 22). When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say for me?A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing6.(2010重庆卷T23).He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found

23、 of them again.A. neither B. either C. each D. all7. (2010江西卷T 27)Swimming is my favorite sport. There is _like swimming as a means of keeping fit.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything8.(2010辽宁卷T33).The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that countryA . so

24、B. much C. that D. it9.(2010山东卷T32)Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age.A. it B. that C. what D. one10.(2010陕西卷T 12). The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.A. that B. this C. it D. one 11. (2010上海卷T 27). If our parents d

25、o everything for us children, we wont learn to depend on A. themselves B. them C. us D. ourselves12.(2010四川卷T7). On my desk is a photo that my father took of when I was a baby. A. him B. his C. me D. mine 13.(2010天津卷T6). in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.A. Any

26、thing B. Nothing C. Everything D. Something14.(2010浙江卷T14). _ thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction. A. One B. All C. Everything D. Anything【答案解析】1. 【解析】选B。考查代词。another“另一个”,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。the other表示两者中的另一个,other“其他的”, others表示“其他的人或物”。句意:我的假期的一半时间将用来练习英语,

27、另一半时间将用来学习绘画。根据句意以及another与the other的用法可知选B。【知识拓展】another,the other,other,others的区别another“另一个”,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。the other表示两者中的另一个,常用于“onethe other”结构,表示“一个-另一个-”;另外,the other后面还可跟名词,特指其他的人或物。other是形容词,表示“其他的”,不能单独使用,后面必须跟名词,表示泛指,如other people泛指其他的人。others相当于other后面跟名词,如other people=other。例如:1)I have

28、three best friends. One is Tom, one is Bob, and another Jack.我有三个朋友,一个是汤姆,一个是鲍勃,另一个是杰克。(another指三者或三者以上中的另一个) 2)In front of me are two men. One is tall and thin and the other short and fat. 我前面有两个人。一个又高又瘦,另一个又矮又胖。(the other表示两者中的另一个) 3)In our class, all the other students are in favor of my plan exc

29、ept the monitor.在我们班,除了班长所有其他的学生都支持我的方案。(the other后面可跟名词,特指某个范围内的其他的人) 4)Some are active in the discussion, and others (other students) are not.一些学生积极参与谈论,而另一些却不积极。(others相当于other后面跟名词,表示泛指)2. 【解析】选B。考查代词。others表示“其他的人或物”, another“另一个”,指三者或三者以上中的另一个。the other表示两者中的另一个,常用于onethe other结构,表示“一个。另一个”。根据

30、句中的Neither side可知应为两方,故选B。句意:双方都不愿意彼此交谈除非我们能消除他们之间的分歧。3. 【解析】选D。考查it作形式主语。此处it would be good for you to have a holiday是宾语从句作thought的宾语。It在这个宾语从句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。其他三个选项都不能作形式主语或宾语。句意:医生认为去度假对你是有益的。4. 【解析】选C。考查代词词义辨析。句意: 你真是个合作明星。和别人一起工作真是你喜欢的事情。really ones cup of tea 真的是某人所喜欢的。both表示两者都 either 表示两

31、者中的任何一个,强调个体; others表示复数意义,泛指他人; the other 指代单数可数名词时,特指两者中的另一个。此句中应是泛指“他人”。5.【解析】选C。考查不定代词的用法。句意为:当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生的时候,请为我说点什么好吗?something可用于疑问句中,表示希望得到对方的肯定回答,与语境相符。【知识拓展】不定代词的常见考点不定代词的考点常见的有:1. none/no one:none可用于表示人或物,可接 of,有范围的限定,其谓语的数可单可复;no one通常只表示人,不接of,无范围的限定。2. each/every:each 和every着眼点不同,范围也不同,前者重在个体,表两者或两者以上;后者着眼于整体,表三者或三者以上。3. either/neither:either两者中任一个;neither 两者中没有一个。4. other/another:other泛指“另外的”,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用,但前面有the、some、any、each、every、no以及形容词性物主代词时

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