备考资料届高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义选修8Unit 1 A land of diversitydoc.docx

1、备考资料届高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversitydocUnit 1 A land of diversity一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1strait n海峡2Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的3ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责4shave v. 刮；剃5vice n& adj. 代理；副职6federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的7aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机8nephew n. 侄子；外甥9tram n. (有轨)电车10cattle n. 牛(总称)11

2、bakery n. 面包房；面包厂12ferry n. 渡船；渡口vt. 摆渡；渡运13seagull n. 海鸥14mourn v. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛15authority n. 权威；权力(pl.)当局；官方16pole n. 地极；电极；磁极.重点单词(写其形)1rail n. 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条2hardship n. 苦难；困苦3.occur vi.发生；出现4luggage n. 行李(美baggage)5thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的6boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期7angle n. 角；角度8civil adj. 公民的

3、；国内的；民间的9hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用10grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会11thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的12reform v. 改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良13despite prep. 尽管；不管14nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无15brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器v. 刹(车)；用制动器减速16fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的17justice n. 正义；公平18insert vt. 嵌入；插入 .拓展单词(通其变)1distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n差

4、别；区分；卓著2immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)immigrant n(从外国移入的)移民immigration n移民；移居入境3means n方法；手段mean v意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的meaning n意思4majority n大多数；大半major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n专业minority n少数5elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人election n选举6percentage n百分比；百分率percent adj.百分之的7racial adj.人种的；种族的race n种族；竞争8crossing n横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道cr

5、oss n十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v使交叉；横过across prep.在的对面(过)9applicant n申请人apply vi.申请application n申请书；申请10customs n海关；关税；进口税customer n顾客11socialist n社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的society n社会social adj.社会的socialism n社会主义12indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n迹象；标示indicator n指示器；指示信号13apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently

6、 adv.显然地；显而易见地14conductor n(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥conduct v管理15slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n滑动；滑倒 slippery adj.滑的16punishment n惩罚；处罚punish vt.惩罚；处罚语境活用1What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle?It means “this side up”(mean)2Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)3Thoug

7、h he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA.(elect)4He indicated that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate)5All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in t

8、heir applications before May 6th.(apply)6One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)7“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross)8If a customer wants to bring the go

9、ods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom)9Some socialists believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more advanced system with no state, money, or social classes.(society)10Over the past three years, there has be

10、en a big rise in immigration (immigrate) to the USA.(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.live_on继续存在；继续生存2mark_out 标出界线；用线画出范围3apply_for 申请；请示得到4take_in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解5keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)6make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等7back_to_back 背靠背8by_means_of_. 用办法；借助 9a_great/good_many 许多；很多10team_up_with 与合作或一起工作1.I

11、would like to apply_for admission to the English Club of our school.2As senior students, it is important to keep_up a good state of mind.3A signal may be given by_means_of flags, lights, and guns.4If you team_up_with your classmates, you will surely get the same work done far better.5These teenagers

12、 dont know much of the world yet; thats why they are so easily taken_in.6The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.7After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.However, it is likely that Native A

13、mericans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。it is likely that .“有可能”。很有可能有一些像地球一样的星球，在那里可能也存在生命。It_is_quite_likely_that there are some planets like the earth, on which there might also be life.2.That is why today over 40% of Californians spea

14、k Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。That/This is why .“那/这就是的原因”。(2017北京高考书面表达)那就是我认为长江之行会是更好的选择的原因。Thats_why_I_think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that .人们认

15、为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于Itbe过去分词that从句。人们认为温室气体是全球变暖的主因。It_is_believed_that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.二、课堂重点深化1majority n大多数；大半自主体验 单句语法填空The majority is/are (be) in favour of banning smoking in public.The majority of astronauts from America have_been (be)men in the last

16、 few years. 补全句子The white are_in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而原住民占少数。The_majority_of_the_damage_is easy to repair.大部分损失很容易补救。系统归纳(1)a/the majority of 大多数in a/the majority 占多数by/with a majority of 以多数票(2)minority n. 少数in a/the minority 占少数重点强化 佳句时时写随着物

17、价的上涨，大多数人觉得靠他们挣的钱很难生活。With the prices going up, the_majority_of_people_find_it_hard to_live_on_the_amount_of_money_they_get.名师指津“a/the majority of名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。2elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人自主体验 单句语法填空She was elected as new Prime Minister last year.If I am

18、lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students afterclass activities.系统归纳(1)elect sb. (as/to be)职位sb. be elected (as/to be)职位(职位前无冠词)(2)elect to do sth. 选择做某事(3)election n. 选举重点强化 佳句时时写(2015陕西高考书面表达)除此之外，我英语很好以至于被选做英语老师的助手。Besides, I have such a good co

19、mmand of English that I_am_elected_as_assistant to_my_English_teacher.3occur vi.发生；出现自主体验 补全句子Suddenly a_good_idea_occurred_to_her,_but she didnt know how to speak it out.她突然想到了一个好主意，但是她不知道如何说出来。I suppose it_didnt_occur_to_you_to_phone the police.我想你根本就没想到打电话报警吧。系统归纳sth. occurs/occurred to sb. 某事被某人

20、想起It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that . 某人想起It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 某人想起做某事重点强化 选词填空(strike/occur)It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 佳句时时写(2016全国卷书面表达)我本来打算去的，但我想起我还有一些工作要做。I had meant to go, but it_occurred_to_me_that_I_had_some_work_to_

21、do.4hire n& vt.租用；雇用自主体验 单句语法填空There are many bicycles on hire in this area.There are three small boats available for hire.David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didnt need it himself.系统归纳(1)on hire 出租for hire 可供出租(2)hire sth. out (to sb.) 把租出去(给某人)重点强化 易错对对碰(employ/hire)Not having enough

22、money, she had to hire a dress for the wedding. 佳句时时写我还想知道是否包括住宿以及我是否需要租赁公寓。Id also like to know whether accommodation is included and I_need_to_hire_an_apartment.1by means of .通过；用办法；借助系统归纳by this means 用这种方法by all means 当然可以；没问题by no means 决不；一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)重点强化 单句语法填空Students build up their

23、 vocabularies by means of reading more.Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking. 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)Without knowledge, by_no_means can we achieve our life goal.By_this_means she solved the problem between the wife and husband. 佳句时时写(2018天津高考书面表达)将会以给你发送邮件的方式告知你训练计划。You will

24、be informed of the training schedule by_means_of_sending_you_an_email.2make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生系统归纳(1)make/earn a/ones living 谋生(2)live/lead a .life 过着生活come (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring .back to life 使苏醒过来；给活力重点强化 单句语法填空She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make)

25、 a living. 补全句子When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.当艾丽丝苏醒时，她不知道已经在那儿躺了多久。 佳句时时写(2017天津高考书面表达)我很想念你，想起了你帮我习惯新生活的快乐时光。Ive missed you a lot, thinking_about_those_happy_moments_when_you_helped_me make_a_life.3take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留自主体验 写出下列句中take in的含义The farmer to

26、ok in the lost travelers for the night.收留While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗Before you translate a sent

27、ence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解系统归纳take off 脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)take over 接收；接管；接任；取代重点强化 易错对对碰(take on/take over)After his father passed away, he took_over the business.Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to incr

28、ease output. 佳句时时写(2016浙江高考书面表达)比赛的前一个月，我花了几个小时列出日程安排包括我的目标和实际步骤。A month before the event, I spent hours working out a schedule taking_in_my_goals_and practical_steps.4This/That is why .“这/那就是的原因”教材原句That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.自主体验Thats_why

29、 more and more people in China are interested in learning English.那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。The reason why he has had such a great success is that he never give

30、s up.他取得那么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。归纳点拨(1)This/Thats why . 这/那就是的原因(2)This/That is because . 这/那是因为(3)The reason why . is that . 的原因是佳句背诵(增分要点句)(2018全国卷书面表达)Being late is not welcome. Thats why you should arrive earlier than the fixed time.(增分要点句)(2018北京高考书面表达)I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you. This is bec