学科英语123610单元答案.docx

1、学科英语123610单元答案Unit 1 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 科学知识2. 实践知识3. 应用科学4. 科学原理5. 操作条件6. 预期功能7. 机械原理8. 民用建筑9. 技术学科10. 分支学科11. 基础设施12. 制造工程1. scientific knowledge2. practical knowledge3. applied science4. scientific principle5. operating condition6. intended function7. mechanical principle8. civilian structure9.

2、technical discipline10. sub-discipline11. infrastructure12. manufacturing engineeringTask 11. Tissue engineering has been a newly developed _ which represents the new direction of biological medicine engineering.disciplinea branch of knowledge组织工程学是一门新兴的学科，它代表了生物医学工程领域发展的新方向。2. What sort of preferen

3、tial policies can foreign investors in software and integrated _ industry enjoy?circuitan electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow外商投资软件产业和集成电路产业能享受何种优惠政策？3. NC machine tools are difficult to _ and often result in heavy economic losses when they go wrong due to the high

4、prices.maintainkeep in a certain state数控机床由于价格昂贵，一旦出现故障，维修困难，常带来较大的经济损失。4. The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a _.generatorengine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction利用发电机可以把机械能转变成电能。5. Research has thrown doubt

5、 on the view that _ intelligence can ever be measured.innatenot established by conditioning or learning科学研究对内在智力可以衡量这一观点表示怀疑。6. How much _ exists between the content of this magazine and its associated website？overlapa representation of common ground between theories or phenomena该杂志和它的相关网页存在多少重叠的部分？

6、7. The Earth crust is made up of a dozen or so hard plates that drift on _ hot, soft rock like floating islands on a sea.extremelyto a high degree or extent地壳由大约12个板块构成。就像在海上漂流的岛屿一样，这些板块在极端高温的岩浆上漂移。8. The speed limiter is an indispensable auxiliary _ in the internal combustion engine used in forklif

7、t (叉车).apparatusequipment designed to serve a specific function限速器是叉车用内燃式发动机中不可或缺的辅助装置。9. It is proved through the experiment that this method can effectively prevent this kind of _ reaction from occurring.permutationan event in which one thing is substituted for another通过实验证明，本方法能有效地防止这种置换反应的发生。10.

8、 _ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.Etymologya history of a word词源学研究词的形式和意义的起源及其历史变化。Task 21. be consistent with他说，未来的改革必须符合自由贸易和开放投资的原则。2. specialize in启动成本较低，因为每个企业都可以只专门从事一个很窄的领域。3. derive from以上这些能力都源自一种叫机器学习的东西，它在许多现代人工智能应用中都处于核心地位

9、。4. A range of创业公司和成熟品牌推出的一系列穿戴式产品让人们欢欣鼓舞,跃跃欲试。5. date back to置身硅谷的我们时常淹没在各种“新新”方式之中，我们常常忘记了，我们只是在重新发现一些可追溯至涉及商业根本的朴素教训。Task 3TFFTFTask 51. 工程师对于自己的职业行为最常见的观点是：他们是通过应用科学结论来计划、开发、设计和推出技术产品的。2. 技术是应用科学，即它是定律中因果关系向终端意图关系的转化。3. 抛开向顾客提供渴求产品的这些善举不说，工程师的其他所有行为不管是从道德上来看还是从价值上判断都是处于中立的，因为找到适当的方式只是应用科学结论的一个任务

10、而已。4. 这些结论可以有对错之分，但谈不上好坏之别。应用科学被认为是一种自动或决定的过程，其只受自然法则的约束，比如物理定律而不是道德条例。5. 工程师的观点 就工程师是做什么的这一问题在这部分中进行了简要的描述 是纯粹出于技术角度而言，同时也有些理想主义。Unit 2 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 拐点2. 范式转变3. 提高生产率4. 自动化生产线5. 提高效率6. 降低成本7. 大规模生产8. 工厂车间9. 制造功能10. 电子产品11. 智能产品12. 模块化系统13. 嵌入式装置14. 控制系统15. 机器对机器通信16. 虚拟图像/表达17. 制造过程18. 战略建议1

11、9. 官方高科技战略20. 行业伙伴21. 深远影响22. 原始数据23. 反馈，回馈24. 精细过程控制25. 资产跟踪26. 记忆芯片27. 次位供应商28. 低成本产品29. 净效益1. inflection point2. paradigm shift3. increase productivity4. automated assembly line5. increase efficiency6. cut costs7. mass production8. factory floor9. manufacturing function10. electronics products11.

12、 smart products12. modular system13. embedded device14. control system15. machine-to-machine (M2M) communication16. virtual representation17. manufacturing process18. strategic recommendation19. official High-Tech Strategy20. sector partner21. far reaching consequences22. raw data23. feedback24. fin

13、e-grained process control25. asset tracking26. memory chips27. second-source supplier28. low cost products29. net benefitTask 11. The wireless application server must be an open, _ architecture, to provide the user with the maximum flexibility and extensibility to ease development and deployment.mod

14、ulara self-contained unit or item无线应用程序服务器必须是开放的、模块化的体系结构，为用户提供最大的灵活性和可扩充性，以方便开发和部署。2. The 1935 Ford is mechanically much like its _ in the Model 40 series.predecessoran ancestor, forefather1935年型的福特车在机械方面与它40型系列的前身非常相像。3. Continuous _ and improvement: At the end of an iteration of work, we always l

15、ook back at how we did and figure out what we can do differently next time to improve.feedback反馈，回馈不断的反馈和改善：在每一次迭代的末尾，我们总是回顾我们以前是怎么做的，并且思考我们下次可以做哪些不同的事来改善流程。4. New boosters can increase the payload by almost one order of _.magnitudegreatness of size or amount新型助推器能使有效负载几乎增加一个数量级。5. Taking a physical

16、 _ means making a systematic count of all merchandise on hand. inventory存货存货的盘点是指对所有库存商品进行系统的盘点。6. This ability to _ solar energy is something that fossil fuel burning cannot match.decentralize分散这个分散太阳能的能力是传统的燃料燃烧所比不上的。7. The government plans to _ a competition law.draftto draw the outlines or plan

17、of政府计划起草一部竞争法。8. The inside of a smart card usually contains an _ microprocessor.embeddedfixed or incorporated, as into a surrounding mass智能卡的内部通常会嵌入一个微处理器。9. Offices are fitted with alarm devices to _ the manager in an emergency.alertto advise or warn; cause to be on guard办公室里装有警报装置，遇到紧急情况时可向经理报警。1

18、0. The monument consists of two vertical pillars supporting a horizontal _.slaba broad, flat, somewhat thick piece of stone, wood, or other solid material这座纪念碑由两根垂直的柱体构成，它们共同支撑着一块平板。Task 21. give rise to经济全球化、信息技术和电子商务的发展对物流产生了深刻的影响，并产生了新的物流特征。2. kick start当这一过程成功时，初创企业就将建立起自身的竞争优势。通过进一步的学习、改进、进而创新提

19、高行业竞争力，使其在技术领域有能力与龙头企业抗衡。3. all the rage时下另一种同样流行的事物是开放式应用程序接口。4. in conjunction with必须将机械测试结果与催化剂活性、选择性和稳定性数据联系起来进行综合评价。5. give way to如果这类服务确受欢迎的话，那么利用专用语音导览装置的方法有可能被另一种不同的方法所取代。Task 3FFTTTTask 51. 已有很多文章指出，摩尔定律，即集成电路芯片上晶体管密度呈指数级增长的定律，行将失效。2. 显然格罗夫是个令人敬畏的技术天才，但他在管理方法上更为知名。他在1996年出版的一本名为只有偏执狂才能生存的书中

20、描述了他自己的管理方法。3. 1994年引入了一款新型奔腾微处理器，有些用户注意到它有一个处理上的缺陷，而格罗夫觉得无足轻重，除了最资深用户外，低端用户不受影响，可以不予理睬。4. 不论以何种方式来衡量，这些具有高密集度且功能强大的集成电路都在创造这个科技时代中占有主导地位，如今我们往往也认为如此。5. 对于他们来说，巨大的风险来自其长期安享现状。当他们从投资数十亿美元的集成电路生产线榨取最后一点利润的时候，别人则成功地着手应用全新的计算技术和业务模式，从而淘汰这样的集成电路生产线，就像当初晶体管和集成电路淘汰真空管一样。Unit 3 预习练习参考答案Passage 11. 笼统的术语2. 输

21、入数据3. 社交网络4. 服务器日志5. 卫星图像6. 音频流7. 金融市场8. 软件平台9. 大数据分析10. 可扩展存储11. 存档数据12. 关系数据库13. 处理选项14. 数据仓库15. 预定架构16. 增长率17. 互联网和移动时代18. 数据流19. 竞争优势20. 流动源21. 大容量存储器22. 批处理23. 反馈环路24. 分布式计算工作25. 数据流26. 产品分类27. 流处理28. 专利产品29. 开放源代码框架30. 键值存储31. 柱状数据库32. 关系结构33. 实体解析34. 源数据35. 应用数据36. 数据类型不匹配1. a catch-all term2

22、. input data3. social networks4. server logs5. satellite imagery6. audio streams7. financial market8. software platform9. big data analytics10. scalable storage11. archived data12. relational database13. processing options14. data warehousing 15. predetermined schema16. increasing rate17. the Intern

23、et and mobile era18. data flow19. competitive advantage20. a streaming source21. bulk storage22. batch processing23. feedback loop24. a Hadoop job25. streaming data26. product categories27. streaming processing28. proprietary products29. open source frameworks30. key-value stores31. columnar databas

24、es32. relational structure33. entity resolution34. source data 35. application data36. data type mismatchTask 11. Power and performance also depend on the weight and shape of the bullet and its _.velocityrapidity of motion or operation; swiftness; speed（枪的）威力和性能同样要依靠弹头的重量和形状以及它的速率。2. The number of e

25、-mails you receive grows if you do not set the system to _ them or store them at specific times.discardto cast aside or dispose of; get rid of如果不进行系统设置来丢弃邮件或在特定时间存储邮件，您收到的电子邮件数量将会不断增加。3. The _ concept of component has a formal, well-defined meaning in the context of this system.nebuloushazy, vague,

26、indistinct, or confused组件这一模糊的概念在此系统环境中具有了正式的、明确界定的含义。4. This remote video terminal features a modular, open and _ design, and can operate at different frequencies and with different waveforms.scalablecapable of being scaled该视频终端采用模块化、开放式、可扩展设计，可以工作于不同的频率和波形。5. Cloud computing is a _ term and covers

27、 many industries and many different segments. catch-allSomething designed to cover a variety of situations or possibilities associated with the product“云计算”是一个涵盖范围很广的术语，涉及许多行业与不同部门。6. Web Accelerator will _ the system settings of your present Internet connection and raise your web surfing speed by u

28、p to 300%.optimize to write or rewrite (the instructions in a program) so as to maximize efficiency and speed in retrieval, storage, or execution网络加速器将优化您当前互联网连接的系统设置，并将您的网上冲浪速度提高达300%。7. This framework structure is _, flexible for modular design, and can be used in real-time data acquisition and pr

29、ocessing.versatilehaving or capable of many uses这种架构结构灵活，通用性强，适合模块化设计，可以用于实时数据采集和处理。8. Many of these capabilities can be implemented either using _ technologies, or through the use of open standards.proprietarymanufactured and sold only by the owner of the patent, formula, brand name, or trademark许多

30、这些功能既可以使用专有技术实现，也可以通过利用开放标准实现。9. To summarize, next generation batch processing systems must be _ enough to meet requirements from customers of all shapes and sizes.agileable to think quickly, solve problems, and have new ideas总而言之，下一代批处理系统必须足够地灵活快捷，以满足各种规模客户的需求。10. One of the most common tasks for Android applications is to _ or send data over the network to a remote server.retrieveto recover or regainA