unit1 helping those in nees unit2 body language.docx

1、unit1 helping those in nees unit2 body language Unit12Unit1 重点词汇讲解1. raise v. 筹集；提升；增加第三人称单数：raises 过去式：raised 过去分词：raised 现在分词：raising 搭配：raise ones voice 提高嗓门；raise a family 养家糊口；raise money 筹款； raise price 提高价格；raise ones spirits 打起精神 raise = keep 有“饲养，抚养”的意思，如：raise cattle = keep cattle（饲养牲口）和ra

2、ise children（抚养孩子） 辨析：raise, rise的区别(1) 这两个词都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。 raise:主语通常是人；而rise主语通常是物。例如： The sun rises and bathes the earth. 太阳升起，普照大地。(2) raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同。例如： The price of TV sets has been raised recently. 最近电视机提价了。（政府或厂家主动行动） The price of TV sets has risen recently. 最近电视机提价了。（市场调节）2.

3、permission n. = agreement 准许；批准 Write a letter to the head teacher to ask permission to raise money. 给校长写一封信请求允许筹钱。 同根词：permit v. = allow you to do it 许可，准许；默许3. disabled adj. 有伤残的；丧失能力的；不中用 I taught disabled children to sing. 我教残疾的孩子唱歌。 同根词：disable v. = make (sb.) unable to do sth. 使无能力；使残废，使伤残 He

4、is disabled from voting. 他失去了选举资格。 enable v. = make (sb.) able to do sth. 使（某人）能够做某事 搭配：mentally disabled 有智力缺陷 learning disabilities 学习障碍4. offer v. = be willing to do something 主动提出 Peter offered to teach them water-skiing. 彼得主动提出教他们滑水。 搭配：offer ones hand 伸出友好的手 offer sb. sth. 为某人提供某物 They have of

5、fered me a large sum of money to go away. 他们曾为我提供一大笔搬迁费 词组搭配： provide : provide sb. with sth. 或provide sth. for sb offer: offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to sb. 固定搭配中 Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing. 她总算设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。 He offered me a glass of wine. = He offered a glass

6、of wine to me. 他端给我一杯酒。5. illness n. （某种）病 同根词：ill adj. 有病的 （比较级：worse, 最高级：worst） 辨析：ill, sick的区别： ill和sick都有“生病的；有病的”之意，但用法并不完全相同。 ill表示“生病的；有病的”这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语；而sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如“病人”可以说a sick man或the sick, 但不能说an ill man或the ill。例如： She is ill/sick in bed. 她卧病在床。 She is looking after her sick

7、 father. 她在照顾她生病的父亲。 sick 有“恶心的；厌倦的”之意。例如：The smell makes me sick. 这气味使我感到恶心。 ill作定语修饰名词时是“坏的；邪恶的”之意。例如： He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。6. organize v. 组织 In the end, we all decided to organize a concert for Easter. 最终，我们一致决定组织一场复活节音乐会。 同根词：organization n. 组织；机构；团体7. express v. 表达；表露 This helps them expr

8、ess their feelings. 这有助于他们表达他们的情感。 同根词：expression n. 表现，表示，表达；表情8. lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的 （比较级：lonelier最高级：loneliest） 辨析：lonely, alone的区别： alone为形容词，意为“单独的”，只作表语，不能作定语。侧重说明独自一人，没有助手或同伴， 没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态。 lonely意为“孤独的”，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为“荒凉；偏僻”，多修

9、饰表示地点的名词。 alone还可以作副词。 alone adv. 单独；独自 She went home alone.= She went home by herself. 她独自回家去了。 The old man lives in a lonely town, he lives alone but he doest feel lonely.9. friendship n. 友情；友谊 同根词：friend n. 朋友 复数：friends. friendly adj. 友好的 Robert has a friendly relationship with his customers. 罗伯

10、特和他的客户之间关系处得很好。 friendliness n. 友善 She also loves the friendliness of the people. 她也喜欢人们的友善。10. difficulty n. = be not able to do something easily 困难；费劲 The country is facing great economic difficulties. 该国正面临巨大的经济困难。 同根词：difficult adj. = hard to do 困难的 The child is going through a difficult phase.

11、那孩子正经历困难的阶段。 搭配：have difficulty (in) doing something 做有困难 I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood. 我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。 in difficulty/difficulties 处境困难 The bank is in difficulty/difficulties. 这家银行处境困难。11. joy n. = a feeling of great happiness 愉快；喜悦 同根词：joyful n. 快乐的，高兴的；令人开心的，使人喜悦的 He was excit

12、ed and joyful at the success. 他因成功而激动欣喜。 搭配：to ones joy 令人高兴的是，使某人高兴的是 To her joy， her son was permitted to a key university.12. peace n. 平静；宁静 the Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖 同根词：peaceful adj. 和平的；爱好和平的；安静的；平静的 Evening in the country is a very peaceful time. 乡村里的今晚是平静安谧的时刻。13. hurt v. = injure 使疼痛；受伤

13、Tim hurt his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage. 提姆在一次事故中伤了腿，但他很勇敢。 同根词：hurt adj. 受伤的；痛苦的；（受）损坏的 They did not seem to be badly hurt. 他们看起来没有受重伤。 搭配：hurt oneself 受伤 Have you hurt yourself? 你伤着自己了吗？14. courage n. 勇气；勇敢 He showed great courage and determination. 他表现得十分勇敢和果断。 同根词：encourage

14、v. 鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；鼓动 My English teacher often encourages us to read English aloud.15. pay v. 付款；偿还 We paid 35 for each ticket. 我们每张票付了35英镑。 同根词：pay n. 工资；薪水；报答 They complained about their pay and conditions. 他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。 搭配：pay off 偿清（债务）；支付（债务）的全部数额 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观，拜访 pay for

15、 为付款 辨析：spend, take, cost和pay的用法区别： take, spend, cost, pay都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。 spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： (1)spend time/money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例如： I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2)spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例如： They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这

16、座桥花了他们两年时间。 cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下： (1)sth. costs (sb.) + 金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。例如： A new computer costs a lot of money. (2)(doing) sth. costs (sb.) + 时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例如： Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：

17、 (1)It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例如： It took them three years to build this road. 他们用三年时间修完了这条路。 (2)doing sth. takes sb. + 时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。例如： Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 Unit2 重点词汇讲解1. communication n.交流；交际Language is the most important tool in communicat

18、ion.语言是最重要的交际工具。communicate v. 交流；交际 一般和with连用we have never communicated since we graduated.毕业后我们就再也没有联系过。2. accept v.接受（建议、邀请等） &receive作比较accept 表示“接受（建议、邀请等）”时，可作及物动词或不及物动词。如：she offered him a lift and he accepted it.他请他搭她的便车，他领情了。He asked her to marry him and she accepted.他向她求婚，她同意了。acceptance n

19、.接受；接纳3. reject v. 拒绝接受；不予考虑 rejection n.拒绝The chief editor rejected his suggestion.主编拒绝了他的建议。4. meaning n.意义；意思I cannot understand the meanings of these symbols.我无法理解这些符号的含义。mean v.意思是 meaningful adj.有意义的5. bored adj.（对某人、某物）厌倦的；烦闷的 I am getting very bored with this matter.我开始对这件事感到非常厌倦。 比较bored与bo

20、ring 二者都是形容词,但bored是指人感到厌烦，而boring是指事情本身无趣。当形容人的想法感受是用bored，描述事物给人的感受时用boring.类似于interested与interesting. The book is very boring ,so I feel bored.这本书很无聊，因此我对它毫无兴趣。 bore v.令人厌烦 boredom n.厌烦；无聊6. part-time adj兼职的 Part-time work is generally hard to find.一般来说，兼职工作很难找。 Im part-time. I work three days a

21、week.我做兼职，每周工作三天。7. well-dressed adj.衣着入时的；装着讲究的 As an office lady, she is always well-dressed.作为一名办公室女职员，她总是衣着得体。8. matter n.（询问某人的情况）怎么了 Whats the matter with your office? 你们办公室出了什么事? She told him there was nothing the matter .她告诉他没出什么事。matter v. 有关；要紧；有影响Most of the food dropped on the floor but

22、that doesnt matter.食物大都掉在地板上了，不过也没什么关系。9. expression n.表情；神色 He said nothing, but his facial expression told us everything.他什么也没说，但他的面部表情却透露了一切。 express v.表达；表示10. appearance n. 外貌；外表 We should not judge people by their appearance.我们不应以貌取人。appear v.出现 11. hold v. (held ,held)使保持（在某位置） Hold your hand

23、s in front of your face.把双手举在面前。 Hold this question for five minutes, and it will exercise your waist.保持这个姿势五分钟，它会锻炼你的腰部。hold还有如下的常见释义和用法：（1）拿着；握住；托住: She is holding her diary and a pen. 她手里拿着日日记本和一支钢笔。（2）进行；举行：The Olympic Games are held every four years.奥运会每四年举办一次。（3）保留；保存We can hold your reservati

24、on until next Tuesday.您的预订我们会保留至下周二。（4）能容纳: One CD-ROM can hold over 100,000 pages of text.一张只读光盘可以储存十万多页的文字资料。12. remind v.使醒；使想起Remind me to buy Grandpa a newspaper on my way home.提醒我在回家的路上给爷爷买份报纸。 remind是个及物动词它主要有以下几种用法：（1）remind sb of /about sth提醒某人某事。如： I wantto remind you of/about the rules fo

25、r school parties.关于学校聚会，有几项规定我想提醒以下你们（2）remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事。如： Please remind me to post the letter on my way to the school.请提醒我在上学的路上把这封信寄了。remind sb后接that从句表示“提醒某人（去做）某事”。如：Would you remind him that our meeting has been put off? 请告诉他我们的会议推迟了好吗？13. cross v.使交叉；使重叠 crossing n.十字路口 Dont cross y

26、our legs when you sit.别翘着腿坐着。 The boss crossed his arms and watched us.老板交叉着胳膊看着我们。提示：动词cross还有如下常见的释义及用法： （1）穿越；越过；横过；渡过： In 1838 the first iron ship crossed the Atlantic.1838年，第一艘铁制帆船横渡大西洋。 （2）交叉；相交：The roads cross just outside the town.这些道路正好在城外交叉。cross prep. 穿过；在对面 n. 十字形；十字架 adj. 生气的 cross & ac

27、ross作比较14. shake v. (shook ,shaken) (与某人)握手；摇头People often shake hands when they meet.人们见面时常会互相握手。 Bob shook his head to show disagreement.鲍勃摇头表示反对。短语1. sit up坐起来；坐直sit up除了表示“坐起来；坐直”的意思外，还有“熬夜”之意。如：Her head spins as soon as she sits up.她一坐起身就感到天旋地转。We sat up drinking and talking.我们饮酒聊天，直至深夜。2. She

28、looked at Debbie and Simon, and then walked over to Debbie.walk over to 意为“走到；径直走向；走到.去” 。如： I walked over to Jim and gave him my congratulations.我走过去向吉姆表示了祝贺。3.Debbie gave her a cheerful greeting.戴比热情的文问候了她。gave sb a greeting意为“问候某人”，相当于greeting sb. gave sb a cheerful greeting意为“热情地问候某人”，又如：4. Simo

29、n sighed and walked away. 西蒙叹了口气，走开了。walk away意为“转身离开；走开” 。如：He walked away sadly and thought of the way to solve the problem.5. “Whats the matter?” Mr. Yang asked. “怎么了？”杨先生问到。 Whats the matter? 常用于提问“怎么了？”，用来表示对他人的关心。如：-Whats the matter? 怎么了？-My leg hurts. 我腿痛。当具体询问某人或某物的情况时，后可接with sb /sth.如：What

30、s the matter with you, Simon? 西蒙，你怎么了？6.people always choose Debbie instead of me.客人们总是选戴比而不选我。 instead of的意思是“代替”，后面常跟名词、代词或动名词。如: I have come instead of my elder brother. He is ill.我是代替我哥哥来的。他病了。（后接名词） I will go instead of you.我会代替你去的。(后接代词)Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.他不仅没有帮我们一把，反而

31、嘲笑我们。(后接动名词)注意：instead单独使用的时候是副词，常用于句末，也可用于句首。如：We didnt go there by car. Instead, we took a plane. 我们没有坐车去哪里，而是坐了飞机。另外，使用instead 的句子可以改写成instead of的句子。instead of如：She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day.= 7. Its the way you communicate.那是（因为）你的沟通方式。the way后跟一个句子，用于修饰way我们称之为定语从句。又如：I dont like the way you dealt with this.我不喜欢你处理这件事的方式。8. Communicate is more than just speaking.沟通不仅仅只是说话。“be more than”的结构常用于表达“不只是； 不仅仅是”的意思。有如：Nancy is more than just a colleague to her. She rega