在职攻硕联考英语词汇记忆法.docx

1、在职攻硕联考英语词汇记忆法2011年在职攻硕联考英语词汇记忆法（一）1. 替代法Courage v.勇气En-courage. 鼓励Dis-courage.泄气Preserve=keep,保持，腌制Conserve=saveSave 节约 save you money.Order 秩序Energy 能量,体力 conserve ones energy2. 联合法Friendship n.友谊Disappointment n.失望Rag，抹布Rap (knock) 敲Rat (mouse) 老鼠Rob v.抢劫，盗窃，rob sb. of sth. ;steal(偷),steal sth.Rod

2、 (stick) 杆Rug n.=carpet 地毯，blanket n.毯子(床上用的)Rap a rat with a rod.Pit 坑;wit智慧A fall in the pit ,a gain in your wit.Sweet n.甜Sweat n.汗水No sweet without sweat. No pains, no gains.Repel v.击败，击退Rebel n.反叛力量，叛军Repel the rebel.击退叛军Twist v.扭转，扭伤wrist n.腕twist ones wrist.3. 谐音法Frugal adj.节俭(腐乳够)Thrift n.节俭t

3、hrifty adj.-yn.-adj.Cloud/cloudy 多云的Dirt/dirty 脏的Hair n. (通常指人身上的) 毛发Hairy adj.多毛的,毛茸茸的/fur n.(兽类的)软毛Furry adj.毛制品Extravagant adj.奢侈的Extra-vag-ant，vag词根，extra(过多的)Parents who have extravagant hopes for their children are bound to be disappointed.Agony n.痛苦Curse v.诅咒Ambition n.雄心，抱负(俺必胜)Slaughter v.屠

4、杀(死了好多)Inch n.英寸Foot n.英尺Mile n.英里4. 对比法形近词Adapt/adopt v.Adapt ad-apt,Apt adj.1)适当的，恰当的;2)有。倾向的He made an apt remark.他做出了恰当的评论。Ad add，增加的意思Adapt，1)使适应Adapt sb.使某人适应Adapt oneself toAdapt 2)改编Adapt the play for television.Adopt ad-opt，opt(选择的意思)Option n.选择，选项Optional course选修课Adopt 1)采纳;2)收养Adopt ones

5、 suggestionAdopt an orphan收养一个孤儿 义近词Reserve v.预留 =book,指预订但是不能带走的东西。Reserve a room(table,seat) at a hotel.Order v.预订，指预订并能带走的Subscribe v.订阅，Subscribe to a newspaper(magazine，periodical，publication，journal等)形近+义近Worth adj.值得 be worth doing.The book is worth reading. The book is worth being read.是错误的。

6、Worthy adj.值得的，Be worthy of doing(动名词) ，The book is worthy of being read.Be worthy to do可以做定语，修饰人，A worthy professor，值得尊敬的教授Worthwhile adj.值得(花费时间、金钱)Worthwhile doingWorthwhile to do(to do 可以省略)Our effort is worthwhile.我们的努力是值得的。短语，主要的动词短语Look for 寻找Look at 看Get up 起床Look into 调查，look into the matte

7、r，调查某事=investigate v.-invest(投入精力、时间、金钱等)-i-gate(大门)，投入精力在某人家大门，调查的意思Look out 小心，注意Look up 查(字典)look up the word in the dictionary.Look up to sb.看得起某人Look down on sb.看不起某人Turn down the radio,调小收音机Turn down ones request ,turn down=declinePut up 建造，put sb. up 提供。住宿拆解法Prefix-root-suffixPrefix-root,通常改变

8、词意;Root-suffix，通常改变词性1) root+suffix-y，多的意思Industry n. 1)工业;2)勤奋;如果这个词作为词根，则构成的词有两个方向。Industrial adj.工业的Industrious adj.勤奋的Imagine v.想象Imagin-ary adj.想象的，-ary表示性质Imagin-ative adj.富于想象力的，-ative表示多Imagin-able，adj.能想象的，-able表示能2)prefix+rootTractor n.拖拉机Tract 词根意思托，拉Abs-tract n.摘要;adj.抽象的Abs=ab=离开Abnorma

9、l，ab-normal,离开-正常=反常ContractCon-tract v,收缩;n.合同;Con表示共同，一起的意思,等同comcorcolco ExtractEx-tract 提取，拔出Ex表示外Extract a tooth拔牙DistractDis-tract v.使。分心Dis做前缀1)表示分开;2)表示否定Distract sb. from doing sth.Subtract v.减去Sub表示下面Attract v.吸引At-tract字母a加上词根的第一个字母，这种前缀表示动作的加强。Pose v.词根意思：摆Composecom(一起)-pose(摆)组成，创作(文章、

10、乐曲)composer 作曲家;composition 作文be composed of，被动语态，Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.Exposeex(外)-pose(摆)暴露，揭露，be exposed to 暴露在。之内Imposeim(里)-pose(摆)强加Impose sth on/upon sb 把。强加于，impose ones views upon other.Be imposed on/upon (被)欺骗，She knew she was imposed on.His family imposed a heavy burden

11、 on his life.他的家庭给他的生活带来沉重负担。otheranotherone more，又一个the otherthe second of two，两者中的后者，on the other side of the street.Othersother people，另一部分人The othersthe rest，盈余Every other 每隔一个，every other line，每隔一行The other day=a few days ago 几天前，句中为一般过去时Proposepro-pose1、建议;2、求婚;propose (marriage) to sb 向某人求婚，m

12、arriage可省略disposedis(否定，没)-posev.处理(掉)dispose of sthMan proposes , God disposes. 谋事在人, 成事在天。Proposen. proposal 建议;disposen. disposalat ones disposal 固定搭配，随某人自由支配put/leave sth at ones disposal;supposesup(下面)-pose假设;Let me suppose it to be so.Opposeop(反对)-pose反对;op来自opposite adj.相反的Oppose the plan/pro

13、posalBe oppose to sth?object to doing sth;Press v.压，按Compresscom(一起)-press压缩Compress sth into sth. He compress his idea into a single page.Depressde(下)-press1.向下按;depress the button.2.使沮丧;The gloomy(阴沉的) weather depressed me.Expressex-pressv.表达;n. expressionn.快车;express train特快列车;express mail快递highw

14、ay n.公路，干路;expressway高速公路;freeway免费高速公路high school中学impressim(相当于in,里)-pressv.给留下印象;n. impressionadj. impressive印象深刻，-ive(表示多)Oppressop(反)-pressv.压迫，压制;oppress the workers.Suppresssup-pressv.镇压;The peasants revolt was suppressed by the dictators military.农民的反叛被独裁者的军队镇压了下去。或者：The peasants revolt was

15、put down by the dictators troops.Repel the rebels.击退叛军。Observe v. 1.观察;2.遵守-hibit(拿)Exhibitex(外)-hibitv.展览;=displayOur soldiery exhibited great bravery in the battle.我们的军队在战斗中显示出强大的勇气。n.展品;Dont touch the exhibit.不要触摸展品。Exhibition n.展览 Inhibitin(不)-hibit约束;限制;inhibit sb from doing sth.Expensive昂贵的，in

16、expensive不贵的=cheapProhibitpro(在之前)-hibit禁止;prohibit sb from doing sth.Smoking is prohibited in the office building.办公楼内禁止抽烟。Insure v.为投保;insurance n.保险Insure sth/sb;insure sth/sb against. He insured his house against fire.Secure vt.使。安全，掩护，保卫;=security checkA sense of security/humor/duty;安全意识/幽默感/责任

17、感Secure the hostage.保证人质安全Marriage n.结婚Postage n.邮费Hostage n.人质Luggage n.行李=baggage=suitcasePackage n.包裹Packet n.小包=packPocket n.口袋;pocket money零钱Briefcase n.夹包，公事包Confinecon(一起)-fine(v.罚款)限制;confine sth (to,within)Confine the speech to 30 minutes.发言不超过30分钟。Confirmcon-firm证实，确认;He confirm his reserv

18、ation by phone.他通过电话确认他保留意见。Conformcon(共同)-form(形式)符合，遵守Conform to the regulation.遵守规定Comply with the rule.Abide by the law.Confrontcon(一起)-front(前面)(勇敢)面对，面临。;be confront by/withI am confronted with difficulties.我勇敢面对困难。Assumeas-sume v.1.(没有根据的)假设，想当然;take sth for granted. I assume that I was right

19、.2.承担;assume(=take on) the responsibility.承担责任Presumepre-sumev.(有根据的)推测Their son was missing, presumed dead.The wallet was lost.钱包被偷了。The wallet was missing.The wallet was stolen.The wallet was disappearing.The wallet was gone.Resume n.简历;v.恢复;resume ones seat/position.Consume v.消耗;consumer消费者;custo

20、mer顾客boldbold adj.1)勇敢的，冒失的;Its bold of you to venture to this.2)黑体的;All the key words are printed in bold type.foldfold v.折叠;folding adj.可折叠的;a folding chair.mold n.模子;v.塑造withhold vt.1)拒绝(付款);withhold the payment.拒绝付款。2)阻挡，抵抗;withhold the temptation.抵抗引诱。Threshold n.门槛;n.开端;on threshold ofScold v.

21、责骂;批评;scold(=blame) sb for sth.Dis/dif做前缀表示分开，除去的意思Diffusedif-fuse(保险丝，导火线)扩散，传播;=transmitDiscountdis-count(计算)n.折扣;Staff get 20% discount on all goods.Dismaydis-mayvt.使绝望;we were dismayed at the news.Desperate adj.1)绝望的(主观上还有一点希望);2)铤而走险的;desperate housewives.绝望主妇。Hopeless(真正的)绝望;(客观上没有一点希望)Disrupt

22、dis-rupt(断裂)vt.使。中断;disrupt the flight.航班中断。Tribute n.贡物Gift n.礼物Tribut 词根Attributeat(加重语气)-tribut(给予)-e把最重要的给予。归因于Aggravateag(加强)-grav(等同于grave adj.严重)-ate(一般做动词后缀)加重Aggravate the situation局势严重Attribute A to B，bob attribute his success to hard work.A be attributed to B，His success is attributed to

23、hard work. 结果+被动结构+原因;Contributecon-tribue1)捐献;2)促成;是。的原因;Plenty of fresh air contribute to good health.B contribute to A，原因+主动结构+结果;Distributedis-tribute分配;分发;Tickers will be distributed to all club members. Sure做词根，表示保证，担保assure v.使确信;+sb，I assure you that be safe.ensure v.确信;确保;+sth，I ensure that

24、 theyll be safe.reassurere(相当于repeat)-assurev.安慰;+sb，=comfort+sbconsolecon(一起)-sole(单身，常指女性)安慰 +sb;The good news console him a great deal.Coarse adj.粗燥的(常指具体对象);粗俗的;His skin is coarse.A coarse joke.Rough adj.粗略的(常指抽象事物);a rough computation.粗略计算Crude adj.天然的;未经提炼的;crude oil原油;crude salt粗盐;raw materia

25、l天然材料;natural resources自然资源;cruel adj.残忍的;惨痛的;be cruel to sb.bold adj.光地;秃的;a bold patch秃顶;bare adj.(常指手或脚)赤裸的;do sth with bare hands.Barely adv.勉强(常指肯定的勉强);I barely made it.我成功了hardly adv.几乎不;He had hardly arrived when it began to snow.他一到, 天就下起雪来了。almost adv.几乎;差不多;I almost made it.我几乎成功了。Black ad

26、j.空白的;Vacant adj.空缺的;(常指立体的或者抽象事物的空缺);vacant position空缺职位A vacant house无人居住的房子;A empty room空房间;hollow adj.中空的;He was thin and his cheeks were hollow.他很瘦, 连面颊都凹陷了下去。A long journey，慢慢长路Trip，短途路行I wish you a safe journey.Have a pleacst trip.Voyage n.航行，常指坐船走Go on a voyage to the moon.Spaceship航天飞船Space

27、 shuttle 航天飞机Tour n.旅游 tour guideTourist游客;Certificate n.证书A birth 出生证;a health 健康证Diplama n.毕业文凭A diplama in arditecture，建筑系毕业文凭Qualification 从业证书;a doctors 从医证书Qualified adj.Be qualified forMy educational backgrourd and professional experience thatLicence n.执照;许可证A driving licence驾照Marriage licenc

28、e 结婚证Guarantee n.保证书，保修证明The watch comes with a years guarantee.这块手表有一年的保修期。Warranty n.保修证明The new car is still under warranty.4.incomewage n.工资(按照小时或者周，蓝领工人用)一般用wagenssalary n.薪水(按照月或者年，白领)instructions 说明书allowance 津贴，补贴;a housing allowance住房补贴=subsidy 津贴，补贴;a trade subsidy行业津贴;这两个词一般需要加定语Pension n.退休金;养老金A retirement pension.Annuity n.年金;a life annuity终生年金;Dole n.失业救济金;be/go on the dole.Go bold秃顶的Bare光脚的，赤裸的Bonus n.奖金，红利;a Christmas bouns.Premium n.加班奖金;保险费(投保人支付的);Put/place a premium on 高度重视某事