高考英语之高频考点解密十一 并列句和状语从句含答案.docx

1、高考英语之高频考点解密十一 并列句和状语从句含答案解密11并列句和状语从句【考点解读】 重点把握引导并列句和时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句的连词的灵活运用。掌握状语从句的时态、语态、语气和省略【命题规律】考查考生对不同类型从句的辨别能力，与其他从句、句型结合起来一起考查近年高考的发展趋向：从属连词在具体语境中的运用，及从属连词词义的延伸。设问角度越来越多样化。【备考策略】 考生要具备全面的状语从句的知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义和运用特征，注意把握并列连词的用法，研读近几年高考题中的状语从句，提高运用状语从句的能力。一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词： and: 可用来连接两个或两个以

2、上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。 He helps me and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。 bothand：两个都，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。 Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow. neithernor: 既不也不，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。连接并列成分 作主语时，谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。 Neither he nor I am right. not onlybut also: 不仅而且，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持 一致。

3、Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2. 表示选择关系的连词： or：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示和，与；用于祈使句+or+陈述句中，意为否则，要不 然。 The baby is too young. He cant speak or walk.eitheror：要么要么，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与or后的部分保持一致。 Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。

4、3. 表示转折关系的并列连词but但是，所连接的成分意思相反或相对。Our school is small but beautiful.while然而，可是，表对比。He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home.yet但是，然而，用于转折。I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。4. 表示因果关系的并列连词由于，因为，表示原因，不能放在句首，也不能单独使用；for引导的从句不能位于not，but或任何连词之后。The days were short, for it was now Dec

5、ember. for：因此，所以，表示结果，so不能和because连用。There were no buses, so I came by bicycle.so：4. 其他常用并列连词 when可作并列连词，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。 Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。 One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when

6、 my daughter heard cries for help. 一个礼拜五，我们正在收拾行李去度周末，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。 He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano. 他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。注意： (1)and, not only.but (also)., neither. nor.等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申。 One day, I was late, and my teacher was angry. 有一天我迟到了，我的老师生气了

7、。 Think it over, and youll find a way out. 仔细考虑，你将发现一条出路。 Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but also his students begin to show interest in it. 不仅他自己对这个科目感兴趣，他的学生也开始表现出兴趣。 (2)or, either.or.连接并列句表示选择意义。 The children can go with us, or they can stay in. (选择) 孩子们可以跟我们一起去，也可以留下。 The work

8、ers were cheerful, or at least they appeared to be cheerful. (换个说法) 工人们非常高兴，或者说他们至少表现得很高兴。 Be careful, or you will break your neck. (否定条件) 小心点，否则你会折断脖子的。 (3) but/while/however的区别： but表示意义的转折； while既表示转折又表示对比； however为表示转折意义的副词，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other

9、 people, but there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 邻居们应尽可能避免烦扰别人，但是很多时候有些打扰是不可避免的。 Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man, also intelligent, fails. 为什么一个人会做出一个重要的发现，而另一个人，也很聪明但是失败了，这不得而知。二、常考并列句句型 “祈使句and/or陈述句”句型： (1)祈使句+and+陈述句=

10、if , +主句。 Find ways to praise your children often, and youll find they will open their hearts to you. =If you find ways to praise your children often, youll find they will open their hearts to you. (2)祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句=if.not , +主句。 Hurry up or we will be late. =If you dont hurry up, we will be l

11、ate （2019新课标I卷短文改错）Suddenly （a）football feel just in front of me but almost hit me.【答案】 【解析】考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a；考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。 状语从句通常由从属连词或起连词作用的词组引导，有时甚至不需要连词直接和主句连接起来。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方

12、式、比较、让步等九类。状语的位 置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。 一、 时间状语从句 时间状语从句是表示时间关系的从句。可以引导时间状语从句的连词很多，根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，通常可分为以下几种情况： （一）when, while, as, whenever when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。 1when when表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。 When I got home, my family were already having dinner.

13、 我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。（when表示点时间） When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. 当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。（when表示段时间）有时when表示虽然，尽管的含义，相当于although或since。 He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管可以打的，但他还是步行。 How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none？ 既然你不宽恕别人，你自己又怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢？ 2while whi

14、le通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。 Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。 She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.她在看报的时候睡着了。 while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成而。 I am fond of English while he likes maths. 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。 We slept while the captain kept watch. 我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。 while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。 While they love

15、te children, they are strict with them. 虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。 3as as表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。as和when两者经常可以通用。 The thief was caught as when he was stealing in the supermarket. 小偷在超市行窃时被逮住了。 as表示 一边一边，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 They talked as they walked. 他们边走边聊。 as表示随着 As time goes on, its getting

16、 warmer and warmer. 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。 As spring warms the earth, al flowers begin to bloom. 随着春回大地，百花开始绽放。 1.（2019江苏卷单项填空）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A.

17、 if only要是多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D。4when, while, as的用法区别 只有当从句表示的是段时间，即其谓语动词有持续性特征时，这三者可以通用互换。 I got the news on the radio when while as I was having breakfast. 我在吃早饭的时候从收音机里获悉这一消息。 在下列情况下，三者彼此之间不能替换使用： aas更强调同一时间或紧接的一前一后或伴随着的变化。 We listened to the singer sing as h

18、e played the guitar. 我们听着歌星边弹吉它边演唱。 I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. 你一张嘴我就知道你要说什么。 As he grew older, he became less and less active. 随着他年龄的增长，他变得越来越不活泼了。 提示： 状语从句可放在主句之前或之后，放在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开。有时可置于主句中间，前后用逗号。 bwhen更强调特定时间，还可表示从句中的动作先于或后于主句的动作。 When I had given Mary the spare ticket, I

19、found my own already gone. 当我把多余的票给了玛丽时，我才发现我自己的票已不知去向。（从句动作发生在主句之前，注意主从句的时态） When I finally got there, he meeting had been on for ten minutes. 当我最终赶到那里时，会议已开始十分钟了。（从句动作发生在主句之后，注意时态） cwhile从句只能表示延续的动作或状态或主从句中动作的对比。 She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my d

20、aughter. 她以为我在谈论她女儿，而事实上，我在谈论我的女儿。 d若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用as场合多于when。 As he finished his speech, the audience burst into applause. 他结束讲话时，观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。 5whenever whenever是when的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。 You are always welcome whenever you come.无论你何时来都欢迎。 Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to

21、 help us. 每当我们遇上困难的时候，他们就来帮我们。 （二）before, after1before before表示在一段时间之前。 I must finish all the work before go home.回家之前我必须干完所有的活。 You must first learn to walk before you try to run.在想要跑以前，你得先学会走。 必背： before 常用句型 It is /was/will be before It will be five years before we meet again.五年以后我们才能再见。 It will

22、be not long before you regret what you have done.不用过多久你就会对你所作所为感到后悔的。 It was not long before I realized I was wrong. 不久我就意识到我错了。 It was minutes before the police arrived.过了几分钟警察才到。2. after after表在一段时间之后。 Lets play football after school is over. 放学后我们踢足球吧。 The sun came out soon after the storm stoppe

23、d. 暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来了。 （三）till, until 1Until，till用于肯定句时，表示直到为止，主句必须为持续性动词。 We shall wait until /till he comes back.我们将一直等到他回来。 (注意它们的拼写) Everything went well until /till that accident happened. 直到发生那意外之前，一切都正常。 2 Not until 表示直到才，主句通常要用短暂动词，这时until和till可用before代替。 I didnt leave until before she came back.

24、直到她回来，我才离开的。 Bells dont ring till until you strike them.铃不打不响。 People do not know the value of their health till until before they lose it.人们直至失去了健康才知其可贵。 3当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。 Not until she stopped crying did I leave.直到她不哭了，我才离开的。 注意： until引导的从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till从句一般不放在句首。 4在强调句型中一般只能

25、用until，不用till。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her. 直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她。 （四）since, ever since 1since自以来。表示动作从过去某一点时间一直延续到说话时间为止。主句中通常为延续性动词的现 在完成时，since从句中一般用短暂性动词的一般过去时。 It has been just a week since we arrived here.我们到这儿刚刚一星期。 Where have you been since I last saw you自上次我

26、见过你之后，你去了哪里？ Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps.她自年轻时起就一直集邮至今。 提示： 有时since 从句中也可以用延续性动词，注意它的译法。 Tom is now working on the farm. Its two years since he was a college student. 汤姆现在农场上班，他大学毕业已有两年了。 2ever since 从那时起直至现在，此后一直。表示说话者强调主句动作或状态持续时间长，语气比since强。 Ever since they got married in

27、1950, they have lived happily. 自一九五零年结婚以来，他们一直生得很幸福。 （五）as soon as as soon as.可译为一就，用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。 He will come and see you as soon as he can.他一有空就来看你。 He rushed home as soon as he got the good news. 他一得到这个好消息就奔回家。 必背： 一就还可以用on upon doing 结构来表示。 On arriving home he called up Lester. = As soon as

28、 he arrived home, he called up Lester.他一到家就给莱斯特打电话。 （六）immediately instantly directly 相当于as soon as，从句中用一般过去时态。 They phoned her immediately they reached home.他一到家马上就给她打了电话。 I recognized her instantly I caught a glimpse of her.我一看见她就把她认出来了。 We came directly we got your telephone.我们一接到你的电话就赶来了。 （七）the

29、 moment, the minute, the instant, the second 这几个名词短语也可用作连词，直接引导时间状语从句，表示一就 He said hed turn on TV the moment he got home.他说他一到家就打开电视机。 Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives.告诉他，他一到我就要见他。（八）hardlywhen, no soonerthan 这两个短语都表示刚就，可以互换，主句通常用去完成时。 He had no sooner started out than he felt homes

30、ick.他刚出发就想起家来。 He had hardly started his speech when someone rose to refute his points. 他刚开始发言，就有人站起来反驳他的论点。 注意： 当hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。 Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door woke her up.她刚要睡着，忽然敲门声把她吵醒。 No sooner was the frost off the ground than the work began.地上的霜一消散，人们就开始工作了。 （九）once once作连词时，也相当于as soon as，但它含有的条件意味更浓，它引导的从句较短。 Once you begin, you must continue.一旦开了头，你就应当继续下去。 Once you see him, you will never forget him.你一旦见过他，就不会忘了他的。 （十）next time, the first tim