高考英语精选考点专项突破06介词及介词短语.docx

1、高考英语精选考点专项突破06介词及介词短语一、基础达标训练1They felt the ground shaking_their feet.【答案】beneath【详解】考查介词。句意：他们感到脚下的地面在震动。根据句意可知，此处使用介词beneath，表示“在之下”。故填beneath。2I will try to measure myself _ these standards as our friendship develops. 【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：随着我们友谊的发展，我会尝试用这些标准来衡量自己。介词by，表示通过某种方式、方法或手段。根据句意，故填by。3The s

2、cientists have found a new cure_ this disease.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：科学家们发现了治疗这种疾病的新方法。短语a cure for“一个治疗的方法”。故填for。4There is no point of being upset _ it.【答案】about【详解】考查介词。句意：为此烦恼是没有意义的。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语be upset about“对感到烦恼”。故填about。5His bad conduct had an effect _ his reputation.【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意：他的不

3、良行为影响了他的声誉。have an effect on“对有影响”是固定短语。介词on表示“关于”。故填on。6My arms ached_ carrying all the groceries.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：我的胳膊因为搬了这么多东西而疼。表示“因而疼痛”为ache from。故填from。7Everyone admires him _ his fine sense of humor.【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：每个人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。admire sb for sth，表示“因而钦佩某人”，此处表示原因，故填for。8_the help of t

4、he teacher,I realized the importance of English,so I decided to learn English well. 【答案】With【详解】考查介词。句意：在老师的帮助下，我意识到英语的重要性，因此我决定将英语学好。此处是短语with the help of“在某人的帮助下”。故填With。9More than 50 species of fish have been found to eat plastic trash (垃圾) at sea. This is bad news, not only for fish but also for

5、 humans who rely on fish_food. 【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：人们发现有50多种鱼类在海里吃塑料垃圾。这不仅对鱼类，而且对以鱼类为食的人类来说都是坏消息。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是使用介词for“为得到”，意为“为得到食物而依赖鱼类”。故填for。10Id like to buy a car_my own, but I dont have enough money. 【答案】of【详解】考查介词。句意：我想买一辆自己的车，但我的钱不够。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语of ones own“属于某人自己的”。故填of。11_ his failur

6、e, he didnt lose heart in his work. 【答案】Despite【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管失败了，他在工作中并没有丧失信心。根据后半句he didnt lose heart in his work可知前半句表示的是一种让步转折的情况，由名词 his failure可知此处要用介词despite“尽管，不管”，句首字母要大写。故填Despite。12The movie is nearly two hours _ length.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意：这部电影差不多有两个小时长。in length “ 在长度上”。故填in。13You need to i

7、mprove a variety of skills, _ (include) leadership and organizing skill. 【答案】including【详解】考查介词。句意：你需要提高各种技能，包括领导能力和组织能力。分析可知，此处用介词including“包括”符合句意和句子结构。故填including。14Many college students went to the poor area, _ the intention of helping the needy there. 【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句意：许多大学生去贫困地区，目的是帮助那里的穷人。 w

8、ith the intention of doing sth“怀着做某事的意图”为固定短语。故填with。15I hope you find the best way to live_peace. 【答案】in【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：我希望你能找到最好的和平生活的方式。介词短语in peace表示“和平地，安宁地”，在此句中可做状语修饰动词live，符合题意。故填in。16Were going to keep in touch, so I now have someone to practice French _!【答案】with【详解】考查介词。句意：我们会保持联系的，所以我现在有人

9、可以和我练习法语了。介词with的意思是“和在一起，具有”。此处指“和某人一起练习”。故填with。17Gold shore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster_any loss of life. 【答案】without【详解】考查介词。句意：金海岸海滩是当地唯一一个，在灾难中幸存下来，没有人员伤亡的海滩。根据设空前survive the disaster，可知此处指没有任何人员的伤亡。without，意为“没有”，故填without。18The poor boy didnt know what to do, so he

10、 went to ask a favour _his teacher.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：这个可怜的男孩不知道怎么办，所以他去请老师帮个忙。固定短语ask a favour from sb.表示“向请求帮助”。故填from。19Their lives are a far cry _his own poor childhood. 【答案】from【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：他们的生活与他自己贫穷的童年大不相同。短语 far cry from表示“与.天壤之别，大相径庭”。故填from。20We have promoted our sales _15% this month

11、 than we did last month. 【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：我们这个月的销售额比上个月提高了15%。介词by，表示幅度，后接百分比。故填by。21Being _ bad terms with your neighbors can make your life frustrating. 【答案】on【详解】考查介词。句意：与邻居关系不好会让你的生活变得沮丧。be on bad terms with“与关系不好”，符合句意，故填on。22They equipped themselves _ guns and set off for the forest. 【答案】with

12、【详解】考查介词。句意：他们带上枪，向森林出发了。表示“用装备”为固定短语equip.with。故填with。23In spite _ this, the number of people having mobile phones is increasing steadily. 【答案】of【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：尽管如此，拥有手机的人数正在稳步增长。in spite of“尽管”是固定短语，介词固定搭配。故填of。24I dont know how he will fit _ with others in the voluntary work. 【答案】in【详解】考查固定短语。句意

13、：我不知道在志愿工作中他将如何与别人配合。fit in with与相适应。根据句意，故填in。25I wonder how relevant chemistry is _ these students, most of whom will be going back to their village after Year 8 anyway.【答案】to【详解】考查介词。句意：我想知道化学跟这些学生有多大关系呢?他们中的大多数人八年级后就会回到他们的村庄。分析句子可知，how引导宾语从句，表示“多么地”，relevant是is的表语，be relevant to“与有关”是固定短语，故填to。2

14、6For fear of being laughed at，he has decided to withdraw _ the competition. 【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：因为害怕被嘲笑，他决定退出比赛。根据句意可知，withdraw _ the competition. 意为从比赛中退出，空处缺少介词“从”，故填from。27With this information _ hand，you will be well equipped to advise others.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意：掌握这些信息，你就能很好地给别人提供建议。根据句意可知，空处与hand

15、组成短语意为拥有，in hand意为在掌握中，在手中。符合句意。故填in。28Dont leave the bread on the table after it was bought from bakery; it will dry _.【答案】out【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：不要把面包从面包店买来后放在桌上；它会变干的。固定搭配dry out（变干）。故填out。29His nationality is not relevant _ whether he is a good singer. 【答案】to【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：他的国籍与他是否是一个好歌手无关。

16、固定搭配be relevant to.（与有关）。故填to。30Sichuan is home _ pandas, and also the starting point of the Southern Silk Road.【答案】to【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。句意：四川是熊猫的故乡，也是南方丝绸之路的起点。固定搭配be home to.（的家园）。故填to。31Mother always complains that children wear _ their shoes very quickly. 【答案】out【详解】考查固定短语。句意：母亲总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋穿坏了。 we

17、ar out是固定短语，意为：穿破；穿坏。故填out。32Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name，not case number. 【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：现在有些医院叫病人的名字，而不是病例编号。分析句子可知，设空处应为介词，意为“通过，按照”，故填by。33A well-written composition calls _the good choice of words and clear organization.【答案】for【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：一篇写得好的作文要求选词得当，条理清晰。短语call for是

18、固定搭配，意为“要求,需要”，该空缺少介词for，故填for。34The airline suggests booking tickets 21 days_ advance.【答案】in【详解】考查介词固定搭配。 句意：航空公司建议提前21天订票。根据空后advance可知，该空应填介词in，固定短语in advance“提前”，可做状语。故填in。35Hunters killed some rare animals _mercy and now the number of them is sharply decreasing. 【答案】without【详解】考查介词。句意：猎人毫不留情地猎杀

19、了一些珍稀动物，现在它们的数量急剧下降。根据句中Hunters killed some rare animals及 the number of them is sharply decreasing可知，猎人对珍惜动物的猎杀是不带有丝毫同情心的，without mercy“好不留情地，残忍地”，结合设空后的mercy，故填without。36While his interest in these sports began to die down, a passion _football developed. 【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：当他对这些运动的兴趣逐渐减退时，却产生了对足球的热

20、情。根据句意及空前passion可知，此处使用介词for，构成短语a passion for“对的强烈爱好；热爱”。故填for。37During the last three decades, the number of people who participate _physical fitness programmes has increased sharply.【答案】in【详解】考查介词。句意：在过去的三十年里，参加身体健康项目的人的数量已经急剧增长。根据句子结构可知，此处应填介词in，即participate in意为“参加”，故填in。38No uniformity should

21、be imposed since conditions vary _place to place.【答案】from【详解】考查介词。句意：由于每个地方的条件不同，因此不应施加一致性。短语vary from.to.，意为“从到变化”，结合句中提示，所以此处填介词from。故填from。39The idea developed inch _inch in his mind until he perfected it. 【答案】by【详解】考查介词。句意：这个想法在他头脑中逐渐形成，直到他使之完善为止。本题考查固定短语inch by inch，表示“逐渐地”，故填by。40As he describ

22、ed in his book, receiving this award was just _a dream come true. 【答案】like【详解】考查介词。句意：正如他在书中所描述的，获得这个奖项就像梦想成真一样。just like为固定短语，意为“正如，就像”。故填like。二、能力提升训练1We didnt see anyone all day, _ a couple of kids on the beach.Aregardless of Bdespite Capart from Dinstead of【答案】C【详解】考查介词和固定短语辨析。句意：除了在海滩上的几个孩子外，我们

23、一整天没看见任何人。A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. despite即使，尽管；C. apart from除了，除之外；D. instead of代替，而不是。根据句意可知此处表示除了几个孩子外，我们没看见任何人。故选C。2There is currently no effective vaccine _ malaria.Aagainst Bin Cwith Dof【答案】A【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：目前没有有效的疟疾疫苗。A. against反对，预防，抵御；B. in在里，在期间；C. with和一起，具有，随着；D. of属于，关于，的。此处指预防，抵御疟疾，故选A。3

24、Most of the major cities of the world suffer_ traffic jam.Afor B/ Cto Dfrom【答案】D【详解】考查介词及短语。句意：世界上大多数的大城市都遭受交通拥堵。A. for为了；C. to对；D. from从。分析句意及句子结构可知，本题考查动词短语suffer from，意为“遭受，经受”，故选D项。4_ my opinion, English is a very important subject and you should study hard.AUnder BIn CTo DOn【答案】B【详解】考查介词及短语。句意：

25、在我看来，英语是一门非常重要的学科，你应该努力学习。A. Under在下面；B. In在里面；C. To到、去；D. On在上面。分析句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in ones opinion意为“在某人看来”。故选B项。5It reminded me_ blue cheese.Aof Bto Cfor Dinto【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语。句意：它使我想起了蓝纹奶酪。remind sb. of sth.是一个固定短语，意为：使某人想起某物。故选A。6If you study hard _, you will pass the National Matriculation Englis

26、h Test.Afrom then on Bfrom now onCsince then Dfrom time to time【答案】B【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：如果你从现在开始努力学习，你就会通过全国大学入学英语考试。A. from then on从那时起；B. from now on从现在起；C. since then从那时起；D. from time to time偶尔。根据句意可知，此处表达“从现在起你开始努力学习”，所以用from now on作时间状语。故选B。7_ the heavy snow, he was late for school.AAs a result o

27、f BAfter all CAnyway DOtherwise【答案】A【详解】考查j介词短语/副词辨析。句意：因为大雪，他上学迟到了。A. As a result of因为； B. After all 毕竟；C. Anyway无论如何； D. Otherwise否则。根据“he was late for school”可知，他迟到是因为大雪。故选A项。8Im also reminded _ the danger they are in.Ato Bin Cwith Dof【答案】D【详解】考查介词。句意：这也提醒了我他们所处的危险。分析句子可知，remind与介词of 搭配构成短语remind

28、 sb of sth，其被动形式为be reminded of sth被提醒某事，故选D。9We should learn to exist in _ with nature.Aharmonious Blife Clive Dharmony【答案】D【详解】考查介词和名词的搭配。句意：我们应该学会与自然和谐共处。A. harmonious和谐的，形容词；B. life生活，名词；C. live过的生活，动词；D. harmony和谐，名词。题干考查短语in harmony with，意思为：与和谐相处，为固定搭配。故选D项。10_the problems theyve faced, they

29、are happy with the life they lead.AIn terms of BRegardless of CRather than DSo long as【答案】B【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：不管他们曾经面临过什么问题，他们对自己的生活很满意。A.In terms of 依据；按照；B.Regardless of 不管；不顾； C.Rather than而不是；D.So long as只要。根据语境可知此处指不管遇到什么问题，本句中是介词短语作状语。故选B。11The speech the minister made on TV_ the education reform made both teachers and students excited.Abeing concerned Bto concern Cconcerned Dconcerning【答案】D【详解】考查介词。句意：部长在电视上发表的关于教育改革的讲话使教师和学生都很兴奋。分析可知， _ the education 在句中作定语，concerning介词，意为“关于”，符合语境，此处为介词短语作后置定语。故选D项。12He fell from the bike and broke his leg. _, he will have to be away from school. .