以AT89C51单片机为核心制作一个LCD显示的智.docx

1、以AT89C51单片机为核心制作一个LCD显示的智以AT89C51单片机为核心-制作一个LCD显示的智第6章智能电子钟的设计6.1 功能要求1. 设计要求 以AT89C51单片机为核心，制作一个LCD显示的智能电子钟： (1) 计时：秒、分、时、天、周、月、年。 (2) 闰年自动判别。 (3) 五路定时输出，可任意关断（最大可到16路）。 (4) 时间、月、日交替显示。 (5) 自定任意时刻自动开/关屏。 (6) 计时精度：误差1秒/月（具有微调设置）。 (7) 键盘采用动态扫描方式查询。所有的查询、设置功能均由功能键K1、K2完成。2. 工作原理本设计采用市场上流行的时钟芯片DS1302进行

2、制作。DS1302是DALLAS公司推出的涓流充电时钟芯片，内含一个实时时钟/日历和31字节静态RAM，可以通过串行接口与计算机进行通信，使得管脚数量减少。实时时钟/日历电路能够计算2100年之前的秒、分、时、日、星期、月、年的，具有闰年调整的能力。DS1302时钟芯片的主要功能特性：(1) 能计算2100年之前的年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒的信息；每月的天数和闰年的天数可自动调整；时钟可设置为24或12小时格式。(2) 31B的8位暂存数据存储RAM。(3) 串行I/O口方式使得引脚数量最少。(4) DS1302与单片机之间能简单地采用同步串行的方式进行 通信，仅需3根线。(5) 宽范围工作

3、电压2.0-5.5V。(6) 工作电流为2.0A时，小于300nA。(7) 功耗很低，保持数据和时钟信息时功率小于1mW。6.2 方案论证6.3 系统硬件电路的设计6.4 系统程序的设计write_com_date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10); write_com_date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10); hour=read1302(0x85); write_com_date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10); write_com_date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10); day=read1302(0x87); write_com_date(0x8a,0x

4、30+day%10); write_com_date(0x89,0x30+day/10); week=read1302(0x8b); write_com_date(0xcd,0x30+week%10); month=read1302(0x89); write_com_date(0x87,0x30+month%10); write_com_date(0x86,0x30+month/10); year=read1302(0x8d); write_com_date(0x84,0x30+year%10); write_com_date(0x83,0x30+year/10); void keyscan(

5、) /修改调整时间日期 if(key1=0) delay(10); if(key1=0) pos_flag+; while(!key1); keyflag=1; switch(pos_flag) case 1: write_com(0x80+4); /年 write_com(0x0f); /光标闪烁 break; case 2: write_com(0x80+7); /月 break; case 3: write_com(0x80+10); /日 break; case 4: write_com(0x80+0x40+0x0d); /星期 break; case 5: write_com(0x8

6、0+0x40+4); /时钟 break; case 6: write_com(0x80+0x40+7); /分钟 break; case 7: write_com(0x80+0x40+10); /秒钟 break; default:break; if(pos_flag=8) /pos_flag=8则退出调整 pos_flag=0; keyflag=0; /按键标识清零 delay(5); settime(); write_com(0x0c); / 关光标 if(key2=0) /调节加键，按下（低电平）就加 delay(15); if(key2=0) while(!key2); switch

7、(pos_flag) case 1: year+; if(year=99) year=0; write_com_date(0x84,0x30+year%10); write_com_date(0x83,0x30+year/10); break; case 2: month+; if(month=13) month=1; write_com_date(0x87,0x30+month%10); write_com_date(0x86,0x30+month/10); break; case 3: day+; if(year%4=0)&(month=2) /闰年 二月 29天 if(day=30) d

8、ay=1; if(year%4!=0)&(month=2) /平年 二月 28天 if(day=29) day=1; if(month=1|month=3|month=5|month=7|month=8|month=10|month=12) /大月31天 if(day=32) day=1; if(month=4|month=6|month=9|month=11) /小月30天 if(day=31) day=1; write_com_date(0x8a,0x30+day%10); write_com_date(0x89,0x30+day/10); break; case 4: week+; if

9、(week=8) week=1; write_com_date(0xcd,0x30+week); break; case 5: hour+; if(hour=24) hour=0; write_com_date(0xc4,0x30+hour%10); write_com_date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10); break; case 6: minute+; if(minute=60) minute=0; write_com_date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10); write_com_date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10); break; case 7: se

10、cond+; if(second=60) second=0; write_com_date(0xca,0x30+second%10); write_com_date(0xc9,0x30+second/10); break; default:break; if(key3=0) delay(15); if(key3=0) while(!key3); switch(pos_flag) case 1: year-; if(year=0) year=99; write_com_date(0x84,0x30+year%10); write_com_date(0x83,0x30+year/10); brea

11、k; case 2: month-; if(month=0) month=12; write_com_date(0x87,0x30+month%10); write_com_date(0x86,0x30+month/10); break; case 3: day-; if(year%4=0)&(month=2) /闰年 二月 29天 if(day=0) day=29; if(year%4!=0)&(month=2) /平年 二月 28天 if(day=0) day=28; if(month=1|month=3|month=5|month=7|month=8|month=10|month=12)

12、 /大月31天 if(day=0) day=31; if(month=4|month=6|month=9|month=11) /小月30天 if(day=0) day=30; write_com_date(0x8a,0x30+day%10); write_com_date(0x89,0x30+day/10); break; case 4: week-; if(week=0) week=7; write_com_date(0xcd,0x30+week); break; case 5: hour-; if(hour=0) hour=24; write_com_date(0xc4,0x30+hour

13、%10); write_com_date(0xc3,0x30+hour/10); break; case 6: minute-; if(minute=0) minute=59; write_com_date(0xc7,0x30+minute%10); write_com_date(0xc6,0x30+minute/10); break; case 7: second-; if(second=0) second=59; write_com_date(0xca,0x30+second%10); write_com_date(0xc9,0x30+second/10); break; default:

14、break; void main() init_lcd(); delay(2); init_ds1302(); delay(2); Disp_1602(1,0,20 - - week) ; Disp_1602(5,1,: :) ; while(1) if(keyflag=0) display(); keyscan(); #ifndef _lcd_h_#define _lcd_h_#include #define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int sbit lcdrs=P20;sbit lcdrw=P21;sbit lcden=P22;vo

15、id delay(uchar ms) uchar i; for(;ms0;ms-) for(i=110;i0;i-);void write_com(uchar com) /写指令 lcden=0; lcdrs=0; lcdrw=0; P0=com; delay(1); lcden=1; delay(1); lcden=0;void write_data(uchar date) /写数据 lcden=0; lcdrs=1; lcdrw=0; P0=date; delay(1); lcden=1; delay(1); lcden=0;void write_com_date(uchar add,uc

16、har date) write_com(add); delay(1); write_data(date);void Disp_1602(uchar x,uchar y,uchar *p) while(*p) if(y=0) x|=0x80; else x|=0xc0; write_com(x); delay(5); write_data(*p); x+; p+; void init_lcd() delay(15); write_com(0x38); delay(15); write_com(0x38); delay(5); write_com(0x38); write_com(0x0c); w

17、rite_com(0x06); write_com(0x01);#endif#ifndef _ds1302_h_#define _ds1302_h_#include #define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int sbit sclk=P11;sbit io=P10;sbit rst=P12;sbit ACC_7=ACC7;void write1302(uchar add,uchar date) /写入地址、数据 uchar i; rst=0; sclk=0; rst=1; for(i=0;i=1; sclk=1; for(i=0;i=1

18、; sclk=1; rst=0;uchar read1302(uchar add) /读地址、数据 uchar i,dat1,dat2; rst=0; sclk=0; rst=1; for(i=0;i=1; sclk=1; for(i=0;i=1; sclk=0; rst=0; sclk=1; dat1=ACC; dat2=dat1/16; dat1=dat1%16; dat1=dat2*10+dat1; return dat1;void init_ds1302() if(read1302(0x81)&0x0f)=1) write1302(0x8e,0x00); /关闭写保护 #endif6.5调试及性能分析6.5.1 调试与测试6.5.2 性能分析