工具英语.docx

1、工具英语工具英语toolbox工具箱bench工作台vice, clamp虎钳(美作:vise)saw锯bow saw弓锯circular saw圆锯(美作:buzz saw)compass saw, scroll saw钢丝锯fretsaw细锯handsaw手锯chisel口凿cold chisel, burin冰凿gouge, firmer gouge半圆凿plane刨子mounding plane型刨jack plane粗刨rabbet plane槽刨drawknife刮刀scraper三角刮刀rasp粗锉file锉square尺miter斜槽规scriber近线尺set square,

2、 triangle三角板brace手拉曲柄锉hand drill手钻drill, bit钻,有柄钻gimlet, auger钻,无柄钻countersink锥口钻gauge, marking gauge量规hammer锤mallet木槌nail钉brad平头钉tack, stud圆头钉screw螺丝钉screwdriver螺丝刀,改锥screw tap螺丝攻nail puller拔钉器ruler尺tape measure卷尺folding ruler折尺sandpaper, emery paper砂纸spanner扳子(美作:wrench)double-ended spanner双头扳子adj

3、ustablespanner,monkeywrench活扳子,活络扳手box spanner管钳子(美作:socket wrench)calipers卡规pincers, tongs夹钳shears剪子wire cutters剪线钳multipurpose pliers, universal pliers万能手钳adjustable pliers可调手钳punch冲子drill钻chuck卡盘scraper三角刮刀reamer扩孔钻caliper gauge孔径规hacksaw钢锯rivet铆钉nut螺母locknut自锁螺母,防松螺母bolt螺栓pin, peg, dowel销钉washer

4、垫圈stapleU形钉grease gun注油枪oil can油壶jack工作服spade锄fork叉子shovel铁锹,铲rake耙roller滚压器,碌碡dibble掘穴机wheelbarrow小车,独轮车watering can喷壶garden hose, hosepipe橡胶软管lawnmower剪草机shears, garden shears园艺剪刀pruning shears修枝剪pruning knife修枝刀sickle镰刀scythe钐刀,钐镰trowel镘weeding hoe除草耙seed drill条播机stepladder高凳,折梯trestle支架trowel灰泥镘

5、子float抹子spatula抹刀,刮铲brush刷子paintbrush, brush画刷roller滚子scissors剪子penknife铅笔刀glass cutter玻璃刀plumb line铅垂线spirit level水平仪pickaxe鹤嘴锄(美作:pickax)the axe斧子(美作:the ax)sledgehammer长柄大锤bush hammer石工锤rammer撞针anvil,beakiron,Bickiron,two-beakedanvil砧,砧子bellows弹簧awl锤子beam compass, trammel长圆规lever杠杆tyre lever轮胎撬杠c

6、rank柄soldering iron焊铁,烙铁blowlamp吹嘴,吹炬(美作:blowtorch)die冲模diestock螺丝攻machine tools工作母机lathe车床turret lathe六角车床milling cutter铣刀milling machine铣床electric drill, power drill电钻grinder, crusher粉碎机riveter打铆机rolling mill轧板机press压床,冲床drop hammer pile hammer, drop hammer蒸汽汽锤air hammer, pneumatic hammer气锤pile ha

7、mmer打桩机复合物英语organic chemistry有机化学inorganic chemistry无机化学derivative衍生物series系列acid酸hydrochloric acid盐酸sulphuric acid硫酸nitric acid硝酸aqua fortis王水fatty acid脂肪酸organic acid有机酸hydrosulphuric acid氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide氢化硫alkali碱,强碱ammonia氨base碱hydrate水合物hydroxide氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid氢酸hydrocarbon碳氢化合物,羟anhydride酐

8、alkaloid生物碱aldehyde醛oxide氧化物phosphate磷酸盐acetate醋酸盐methane甲烷,沼气butane丁烷salt盐potassium carbonate碳酸钾soda苏打sodium carbonate碳酸钠caustic potash苛性钾caustic soda苛性钠ester酯gel凝胶体化合element元素body物体compound化合物atom原子gram atom克原子atomic weight原子量atomic number原子数atomic mass原子质量molecule分子electrolyte电解质ion离子anion阴离子cat

9、ion阳离子electron电子isotope同位素isomer同分异物现象polymer聚合物symbol复合radical基structural formula分子式valence, valiancy价monovalent单价bivalent二价halogen成盐元素bond原子的聚合mixture混合combination合成作用compound合成物alloy合金化学反应analysis分解fractionation分馏endothermic reaction吸热反应exothermic reaction放热反应precipitation沉淀to precipitate沉淀to dis

10、til, to distill蒸馏distillation蒸馏to calcine煅烧to oxidize氧化alkalinization碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize脱氧,氧化to neutralize中和to hydrogenate氢化to hydrate水合,水化to dehydrate脱水fermentation发酵solution溶解combustion燃烧fusion, melting熔解alkalinity碱性isomerism, isomery同分异物现象hydrolysis水解electrolysis电解electrode电极anode阳极,正极cath

11、ode阴极,负极catalyst催化剂catalysis催化作用oxidization, oxidation氧化reducer还原剂dissolution分解synthesis合成reversible可逆的化学实验Bunsen burner本生灯product化学反应产物flask烧瓶apparatus设备PHindicatorPH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass卵形瓶litmus石蕊litmus paper石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask量筒,量杯reagent试剂test tube试管burette滴定管retort曲颈甑still蒸馏釜cup

12、el烤钵crucible pot, melting pot坩埚pipette吸液管filter滤管stirring rod搅拌棒计算机access arm磁头臂,存取臂access time存取时间adder加法器address地址alphanumeric字母数字的analog computer模拟计算机analyst分析员area区域array数组,阵列assembler汇编程序automation自动化band区batch processing成批处理binary code二进制码binary digit二进制位,二进制数字bit比特,二进制的一位branch分支,支线brush电刷buf

13、fer storage缓冲存储器calculator计算器call instruction呼叫指令card punch卡片穿孔机card reader卡片阅读机,读卡机cell单元channel通道,信道character字符check digit校验数位circuit电路,线路to clear清除,清零clock时钟code代码to code编码coder编码员,编码器command指令,命令compiler编译程序computer language计算机语言console控制台control unit控制部件,控制器core storage, core store磁心存储器counter计

14、数器cybernetics控制论cycle循环data数据data processing数据处理debugging调试decision制定digit数字,数位,位digital computer数字计算机disc, disk磁盘display unit显示装置drum磁鼓to edit编辑electronics电子学emitter发射器to encode编码to erase擦除,清洗,抹除feed馈送,供给to feed馈送,供给feedback反馈field字段,信息组,域file文件floppy disk软磁盘floppy disk drive软磁盘机flow chart流程图frame帧

15、hardware硬件identifier标识符index索引information信息inline processing内处理input输入inquiry询问instruction指令integrated circuit集成电路to interpret解释item项目,项jump转移key键,关键码keyboard键盘latency time等待时间library库,程序库linkage连接to load装入,寄存,写入,加载location存储单元logger登记器,记录器loop循环machine language机器语言magnetic storage磁存储器magnetic tape磁

16、带matrix矩阵memory存储器message信息,报文microcomputer微型计算机module组件,模块monitor监视器,监督程序,管程nanosecond毫微秒network网络,网numeric, numerical数字的,数值的octet八位位组,八位字节operator操作员optical character reader光符阅读机optical scanner光扫描器output输出overflow溢出,上溢panel平板parameter参数,参量perforator穿孔机peripheral equipment外围设备,外部设备personal computer

17、个人计算机printed circuit印制电路printer打印机printout打印输出to process处理processing unit处理部件program程序to program程序编制programmer程序设计员programming程序设计,程序编制pulse脉冲punch穿孔to punch穿孔punched card, punch card穿孔卡片punched tape, punch tape穿孔纸带punch hole孔,穿孔random access随机存取to read读reader阅读程序reading阅读real time实时record, register

18、记录redundancy冗余routine例行程序selector选择器,选择符sentinel标记sequence序列,顺序sequential顺序的serial串行的.连续的shift移位,移数signal信号simulation模拟simulator模拟器,模拟程序software软件,软设备sort分类,排序sorter分类人员,分类机,分类程序,排序程序storage存储器to store存储subroutine, subprogram子程序switch开关symbol符号symbolic language符号语言system系统tabulator制表机teleprinter电传打字

19、机terminal终端terminal unit终端设备timer时钟,精密计时器time sharing分时timing定时track磁道transducer传感器,翻译机translator翻译程序,翻译器to update更新Winchester disk drive温彻斯特磁盘机,硬盘机working storage工作存储器旅馆旅馆英语hotel旅馆guest house宾馆main entrance大门entrance hall门厅staircase, stairs, stairway楼梯balustrade, banister楼梯栏杆corridor过道verandah外廊lob

20、by走廊lift, elevator电梯information desk问讯处reception office接待室hotel register旅客登记簿registration form登记表newsstand售报处postal service邮局服务处shop小卖部bar酒吧间lounge休息厅roof garden屋顶花园billiard-room,球房dining-room, dining hall餐厅mens room男盥洗室ladies room女盥洗室cloak-room存衣处basement地下室cellar地窖broom closet杂物室room number房间号码roo

21、m key房间钥匙suite一套房间single room单人房间double room双人房间sitting-room, living-room起居室sofa, settee长沙发easy chair安乐椅armchair扶手椅wicker chair藤椅folding chair叠椅swivel chair转椅rocking chair摇椅stool凳子bench条凳tea table茶几desk书桌bookcase书橱bookshelf书架wardrobe衣柜built-in wardrobe, closet壁橱chest of drawers五斗橱screen屏风hat rack帽架r

22、ug小地毯carpet大地毯single bed单人床double bed双人床twin beds成对床mattress褥子quilt被blanket毯子sheet床单bedspread床罩cotton terry blanket毛巾被pillow枕头pillowcase枕套mat席cushion垫子bathroom浴室bath tub浴盆shower bath, shower淋浴cold and hot water taps冷热自来水龙头sprinkle-nozzle, (shower) nozzle喷头dressingtable梳妆台mirror镜子washbasin洗脸盆towel毛巾t

23、oilet, lavatory, washroom卫生间water closet, W.C.厕所；抽水马桶toilet roll, toilet paper卫生纸bath towel浴巾bathrobe浴衣towel rail, towel rack毛巾架sponge海绵waste-paper basket废纸篓thermometer温度计balcony阳台sash window上下开关窗shutters百叶窗transom, transom window气窗curtain窗帘lace curtain挑花窗帘windowsill窗台air-conditioned有空调设备的radiator暖气

24、片central heating暖气ashtray烟灰碟smoking set烟具electric fan电扇chandelier, pendant lamp吊灯fluorescent lamp日光灯desk lamp台灯bedside lamp床头灯floor lamp落地灯wall lamp壁灯lampshade灯罩bulb holder灯头bulb灯泡screw-type bulb罗口灯泡bayonet-type bulb卡口灯泡frosted bulb磨砂灯泡opal bulb, opaque bulb乳白灯泡switch开关socket插座plug插头telephone电话elect

25、ric iron电熨斗peg, hook衣钩clothes-hanger衣架door-mat门前的擦鞋棕垫manager经理attendant服务员desk clerk值班服务员waiter（餐厅）服务员waitress（餐厅）女服务员rent租金bill账单receipt收据食品和三餐英语feeding供养to feed供养to nourish养育to maintain赡养subsistence衣食nutrition食物to eat吃to drink喝to chew嚼to swallow吞咽to nibble, to peck细嚼appetite胃口hunger饥饿thirst口渴to be

26、 hungry饿to be thirsty渴gluttony暴食greed贪嘴overfeeding吃得过多,过量食物fasting禁食diet食谱banquet宴会breakfast早餐to have breakfast吃早餐lunch午餐to have lunch用午餐afternoon tea下午茶(4-5点钟)high tea午茶,茶点(下午黄昏时)dinner, supper晚饭to dine, to have dinner, to have supper吃晚饭soup汤hors doeuvre(正餐前的)开胃食品entree正菜main course主菜sweet, dessert

27、甜食snack点心,小吃helping, portion份,客sandwich三明治,夹肉面包meat肉beef牛肉veal小牛肉lamb羊肉sirloin牛脊肉steak牛排chop连骨肉,排骨cutlet肉条stew炖肉roast烤肉pork猪肉ham火腿bacon咸肉sausage香肠black pudding, blood sausage血肠cold meats冷盘(美作:cold cuts)chicken鸡turkey火鸡duck鸭fish鱼vegetables蔬菜dried legumes干菜chips炸薯条,炸土豆片(美作:French fries)mashed potatoes

28、马铃薯泥pasta面条noodles面条,挂面macaroni通心粉consomme肉煮的清汤broth肉汤milk奶cheese奶酪butter奶油bread面包slice of bread面包片crust面包皮crumb面包心egg蛋boiled eggs, soft-boiled eggs水煮蛋hard-boiled eggs煮硬了的蛋fried eggs煎蛋poached eggs荷包蛋scrambled eggs炒鸡蛋,摊鸡蛋omelet煎蛋卷pastry糕点sponge cake奶油鸡蛋,蜂糕tart果焰糕点biscuits(英)饼干,(美)小面包fruit水果ice cream冰

29、淇淋compote蜜饯jam, preserves果酱marmalade桔子酱spices调料salt盐vinegar醋sauce酱油oil油salad oil色拉油pepper辣椒mustard芥末clove丁香drink饮料mineral water矿泉水orange juice桔子原汁orangeade, orange squash桔子水lemon juice柠檬原汁lemonade柠檬水beer啤酒white wine白葡萄酒red wine红葡萄酒claret波尔多红葡萄酒cider苹果酒champagne香槟酒cocktail鸡尾酒liqueur白酒,烧酒shaohsing wine绍兴酒