江苏专转本考试英语复习参考资料.docx

1、江苏专转本考试英语复习参考资料1、词汇与语法专转本词汇测试的宗旨是检验考生对大学英语基本词汇的掌握程度及实际运用能力，如判断某个词在特定的语言环境中的词义，掌握词与词的正确搭配，区别意义相近或相同词在使用时的细微差别以及辨别形似义异词等。许多考生机械地背诵词汇，但答题时却收效不大。这是因为他们对词汇测试不甚了解。下面就此作一些分析。例题分析 1. She _ us that every would be all right.A. assured B. ensured C. insure D. secure答案：A解析：assure、ensure、insure、secure都有“保证”这个意思，

2、但它们有着细微的。assure强调消除疑虑，题干的意思是“她向我们保证会一切顺利”，因此应该用assure。ensure强调实实在在的保障，如“The letter ensured an interview.”暗含了有了这封信就一定可以参加面试的意思。Insure则强调事先准备以保证。最后secure则表示采取措施排除负面因素从而保证。 2. She asked me to _ her at 7.A. awake B. awaken C. waken D. The three answers are all right 答案：D解析：awake,形容词，“醒着的”，动词，“唤醒、醒来”。作为动

3、词，它的用法与wake(up)相似，既可是及物动词，如“My interest awoke when I saw the chance for profit.”（看到有机会盈利我就有了兴趣）和“The project awoke his interest.” awaken和waken一样，也可作及物和不及物动词，表示“唤醒”和“醒来”的意思。 3. The meeting will begin at 9:00 according to the _.A. calendar B. schedule C. column D. diagram答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是calendar,日历，s

4、chedule,日程安排，column,专栏，diagram,图解。Schedule还可以作动词，意思是“安排”，如“the flight is scheduled at six”。词组on schedule意为“准时地”。此外还要掌握column一词也可指“体积”。 4. He spoke so quickly; I didnt _ what he said.A. receive B. accept C. listen D. catch 答案：D解析：catch是一个意项很多的词，可以表示“抓住”“捕获”“赶上车”“感染”等。可用catch sb. doing ,意为当场抓住某人做某事，如：

5、“She caught me cheating on the test.”。这里catch指“理解”“懂得”。 5. It is said that he _ murder.A. committed B. conducted C. executed D. emitted 答案：A解析：commit,动词，意为“干、犯（坏事）”。与之相关的词有commitment和committee，“委员会”。Conduct ,动词，“指挥、引导”。如“He conducts himself quite well these days in school.(他这些天在学校表现不错。)”，“Being the

6、only son, he had to conduct the family business after his fathers death.”。另外，作为动词它还有“传热、传导”的意项。它也可以作名词，意思是“行为、品行”。与之相关的词有conductor,“领队、乐队指挥”、“售票员、列车员”“导体”。Execute，动词，意为“执行”、“处死”，如“to execute a plan”。Executive,形容词，“实行的”，名词，“管理人员”。Emit,动词，“发射、发出”。 6. The door is shut _ and clocked.A. fast B. tight C.

7、firm D. sound 答案：A解析：fast要这里是作副词，意思是“紧紧地”。除此之外，它还可以表示“完全地”，与sound相似。Tight和firm如果换成它们的副词形式tightly和firmly在这里也是适合的。Sound也可以作副词，意思是“完全地、彻底地”，如“Hes sound asleep”。 7.Many crops were grown on the_ land.A. barren B. bare C. fertile D. deserted 答案：C解析：barren,形容词，“贫瘠的”,与fertile构成反义词。Bare，形容词，“赤裸裸的、光秃的”，如“bare

8、 feet（光脚）”。Deserted，由动词desert（抛弃、荒废）的过去分词构成的形容词，意为“荒废的”。 8. He_ our doubts with a clear explanation.A. set B. settled C. fixed D. established 答案：B解析：这四个词都有“放在合适的位置”的意思，但各有强调之处。Set强调放置在确定的位置上，如“set food on the table” ；settle表示放置在稳定、安全的位置上，如“ They settled gradually in their new home ”，也可表示调整先前混乱的情况，本题

9、取的就是这个意项；fix更强调永久性、稳固性，如“fix a pole in the ground ”；而establish可以表示在将某物放入位置之后加固的进程，如“Dont remove the tree when it is established”. 9The dream of a world without war is yet to be_.A. recognized B. filled C. fulfilled D. flourished 答案：C解析：recognize，动词一，“认出、认识到”。Fulfill，动词，“完成、履行”，通常搭配使用的名词有duty、dream、n

10、eed等。Flourish，动词，“繁荣、兴旺”，如“The business is flourishing” 10The_ will be used to help young writers to publish their works. A. fee B. capital C. fund D. investment 答案：C解析：fee，名词，“费用”，指接受他人的服务后应付的费用。Capital，名词，“资本”。Fund，名词，“基金、资金”，指为某项事业而筹集的钱。Investment，名词，“投资”，如foreign investment。 11. My salary is eno

11、ugh to _the family.A. retain B. obtain C. maintain D. remain 答案：C解析：retain，动词，“保持”，如“The clothing retains its color. （这衣服不掉色。）”。Obtain，动词，“得到、获取”，如“ I havent been able to obtain that album anywhere. ” 。Maintain，动词，“保持、维持”，指持续拥有，如“ They maintained their friendship for over forty years. ”。这里maintain 指

12、“供养”。Remain，动词，“保持”，指处于某种状态不变，如“ Sheremained unknown until her death.”。 12. The little boy _ to tie his shoelaces but failed.A. hesitated B. attempted C. managed D. meant答案：B解析：hesitate，动词，“犹豫”。Attempt，动词，“试图”，常用attempt to do，多用于表示没有成功的尝试，也可作名词。 Manage，动词，“应付、处理”，如“ I can manage it myself.”，manage t

13、o do指“做成某事”，如“I managed to find what I was looking for.”名词management指“管理”， manager 指“经理”。mean to的意思是“意欲、打算”，如“ I didnt mean to imply（暗示） that you were dishonest”。 13. I didnt expect ()the examination to be so_.A. slight B. minute C. tiny D. minor 答案：B解析：minute，形容词，“微小的”、“详细的”，这里取其第二个意项。Slight，形容词，“微

14、小的”、“不重要的”。Tiny，形容词，“微小的”。Minor，形容词，“较小的、较低的、次要的”，反义词是major。 14. A fact-finding_ was sent to Caribbean.A. parliament B. congress C. mission D. minister答案：C解析：mission，名词，“使命、代表团”。Parliament，名词，“（英国）议会”。Congress，名词，“（美国）国会”。Minister，名词，“部长”，the Prime Minister就是“首相”。 15.I dont feel like _,Im not in the

15、 _.A. dancing-mood B. dancing-mode C. to dance -mood D. to dance-mode答案：A解析：feel like doing，口语中常用的表达“想做-”的方法。Mood，名词，“情绪”，表示处于某种情绪一，用介词in。mode，名词，“方式、模式”，如“Youd better choose the automatic（自动的） mode.”。 16. He was one of the _ computers to teach.A. pilots to use B . pilots in using C. pioneers to use

16、 D. pioneers in using答案：D解析：pioneer，名词，“先驱”，表示“在某方面的先驱”用介词in。它也可作形容词，如“a pioneer AIDS researcher（研究者）”。Pilot，名词，“飞行员”，也可作动词，意为“驾驶（飞机）”。17.This_ item(条款)of the contract(合同、协议)is problematic(有问题的).A. peculiar B. curious C. particular D. special答案：C解析：particular，形容词，“个别的”、“尤其的”，题中取其第一个意项，又如“This partic

17、ular sentence puzzles me.”, particular表示“这个单独的句子”。“ This book is of no particular importance.”这句中 particular则是“尤其”的意思。它的副词是 particularly。 Peculiar，形容词，“独特的、古怪的”，常用 peculiar to，意为“独属的”，如“ This style of cooking is peculiar to the south-west of the country.”。名词是 peculiarity,可数或不可数。 curious ，形容词，“好奇的”，常

18、用be curious about；“奇怪的”。名词是curiosity 。special，形容词，“特别的” ，如“This is a special case.”名词是speciality，意为“特长、特别之处”，specialist指在某方面有特别兴趣或精通的人。 18.It really_ me when she stopped breathing.A. irritated B. scared C. puzzled D. touched答案：B解析：scare，动词，“惊吓、使害怕”。Irritate，动词，“激怒”。Puzzle，动词，“使-迷惑”。也可作名词，意思是“迷、谜语”。T

19、ouch在这里表示“触动、感动”。 19.There are no simple _ to the unemployment problem.A. methods B. ways C. solutions D. measures答案：C解析：solution，名词，“解决问题的方法”，常用solution to。Method，名词，“方法”；measure，名词，“措施”A、B、D选项虽然意义符合，但没有后直接接介宾结构的用法。另外，measure还可作动词，意为“测量”。 20.How can we best_ our limited resources?A. employ B. utili

20、ze C. enforce D. enlarge答案：B解析：utilize，动词，“利用”，尤指有效利用。Employ，动词，“雇佣”、“采用”，如“to employ the newtechnology（技术）”。 Enforce，动词，“强迫”、“强制实施”，如“to enforce the new law”。注意不要与reinforce（加强）混淆。 Enlarge，动词，“变大”，如“to enlarge a photograph”。2、常用搭配 1. Tom asked_ you, but I told him nothing.A. for B. after C. of D. /答

21、案：B解析：ask for最常用的意项是是“要求”。它也可以表示“要求和某人说话”的意思。ask after则表示“问某人的情况、问候”的意思。这里选 ask after贴切。 2. As soon as I got _, I felt sick.A. on board the ship B. on the board of the ship B. C. onto board the ship D. onto the board of the ship答案：A解析：on board 是一个固定的词组，相当于副词aboard，表示“在船上、车上、飞机上等”，不可以拆开使用。另外，它还可以表示“作

22、为某队或组织的成员出席或工作”，如“ The mew trainee was welcomed on board.（新教练被欢迎上任。）” board一词可以作名词，意为“板”、“委员会”，作动词意为“上船”等。 3. He doesnt care_ what people think of him.A. about B. of C. for D. to答案：A解析：care的意思是“关心”。常用词组有care about，“关心、看得重要”； care for，“想要”。例如“ Would you care for tea ？”，用于否定句和疑问句中，“照料”，与take care of相近

23、，如“ She cared for the old women for years.” Care后可接不定式，常用在礼貌的建议中，如“ Would you care to wait here ？”。 4. This cake_ sugar, butter and flour.A. constitutes B. consists C. composes D. contains答案：D解析：A、B、C选项都有“构成”的意项，但用法不一样。Constitute是动词，用法与form相似，如“50 states constitute the USA.”。consist是动词，常用词组 consist

24、of 意思是“由-组成”，如“This cake consists mainly of sugar, butter and flour.”。另外，consist in表示“由于、存在于”，如“ The charm of Paris does not consist only in its beauty.”。 Compose 常用be composed of，意思是“由-组成”，如“The cake is composed mainly of sugar, butter and flour.”。 contain的意思是“包含”，后面直接接宾语。 5. I looked everywhere fo

25、r my bicycle but had to go home without it_.A. on end B. in the end C. at the end D. by the end答案：B 解析有：on end ，“倒立”，如“to stand on end ”；“连续地”，如“They talked for hours on end. ”。In the end，“最后、终于”。 6. We are late,_, we are lost.A. however B. as a matter of fact C. nevertheless D. moreover答案：D解析：moreo

26、ver ，副词，“而且”。as a matter of fact 是固定搭配，意为“事实上”，如“As a matter offact, I dont care.”。nevertheless，副词，“然而”。 7. The great bridge was named_ its designer.A. of B. with C. after D. from答案：C解析：name是动词，“取名”。name after意为“以-命名”。 8. The train_ about three hours late.A. pulled B. pulled down C. pulled on D. pul

27、led out答案：D解析：pull，动词，“拖、拉”，与push（推）是一组反义词，在门的两边写的就是这两个动词。pull down，“拆毁、拉倒”； pull on，“穿上”； pull out，“（车、船等）驶出”。9. You will never guess whom I _ on the street yesterday.A. ran over B. ran out of C. ran into D. ran up to答案：C解析：run over ，“压过、碾过”。run out of，“用尽”，如“ We have run out of petrol（汽油）” run int

28、o，“撞见、偶然遇见”。run up to，“径直走到、跑到”。 10. I think I turned off the light but Ill go back and _.A. be sure B. make sure C. feel sure D. be certain答案：B解析：sure，形容词，“确信”，用法较多。 be sure常用于句首引导一个祈使句，意思是“别忘了”，如“ Be sureto set the alarm clock ”。make sure的意思是“检验”，“确保”，下面就第二个意项举例：“ Make sure you gethere before 8.”。

29、 certain也可表示“确信、肯定的”意思，与sure的区别在于：可以有“Hes certain/sure to come. ”、“Im certain/sure hell come. ”，但只能是“It is certain that hell come.”。 11._ the birth-control policy, the growth of population has slowed down.A. Thank B. Thanking C. With thanks to D. Thanks to答案：D解析：thanks to,“由于”，相当于because of或 due to。

30、有时带有讽刺的意味，如“We lost the game thanks to your stupidity（愚蠢）.” 12. I wouldnt trust _ that.A. him in doing B. to him in doing C. him to do D. to him to do答案：C解析：trust，动词，“信任、委托”，常用trust+ obj.、trust in/to+ obj.、trust that、trust+ obj.+ to do，如“She trustedto luck instead of studying for the test.”。也可作名词，不可

31、数。 13. Her speech touched _ the issue of employee benefits.A. / B. with C. on D. up答案：C解析：touch on，“涉及”、“提到”。 14. It_ that the mysterious visitor was an old friend of my grandmother.A. turned up B. turned off C. turned on D. turned out答案：D解析：turn up，“出现”，如“ Did the lost ring ever turn up? 。Turn off，“关闭”、“拐弯”，如“ to turn off the highwayand take the local road ”。turn on：“打开”。 tur